scholarly journals Yttrium oxide as a Q-switcher for the near-infrared erbium-doped fiber laser

Nanophotonics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 2887-2894
Author(s):  
Mengli Liu ◽  
Wenjun Liu ◽  
Ximei Liu ◽  
Yuyi Ouyang ◽  
Huanran Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Laser ◽  
Yttrium Oxide ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Protective Coatings ◽  
Modulation Depth ◽  
Optical Nonlinearity ◽  
Average Output ◽  
Nonlinear Properties ◽  
Photoelectric Properties ◽  
Optical Applications

AbstractYttrium oxide (Y2O3) has been widely used in metal-reinforced composites, microelectronics, waveguide lasers, and high-temperature protective coatings because of its good physical and photoelectric properties. However, few studies have been done on the nonlinear optical applications of Y2O3 as saturable absorbers (SAs) in fiber lasers so far. Here, a passively Q-switched near-infrared fiber laser using Y2O3 as a Q-switching device is demonstrated. The optical nonlinear properties of the Y2O3 SA prepared by the magnetron sputtering method were measured by the twin-detector measurement technique, and the modulation depth of the proposed Y2O3 SA was found to be 46.43%. The achieved Q-switched laser delivers an average output power of 26 mW at 1530 nm with a pulse duration of 592.7 ns. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the optical nonlinearity of Y2O3 as a Q-switcher for the near-infrared fiber laser, which may deepen the understanding of the optical nonlinear properties of Y2O3 and make inroads into the potential market of optical modulation and optoelectronic devices.

scholarly journals Ultrafast Fiber Lasers with Low-Dimensional Saturable Absorbers: Status and Prospects

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 3676
Author(s):  
Pulak Chandra Debnath ◽  
Dong-Il Yeom
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Laser ◽  
Fiber Lasers ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Modulation Depth ◽  
Mode Locking ◽  
Saturable Absorption ◽  
Laser Applications ◽  
Integration Schemes ◽  
Pulsed Fiber Laser ◽  
Low Dimensional

Wide-spectral saturable absorption (SA) in low-dimensional (LD) nanomaterials such as zero-, one-, and two-dimensional materials has been proven experimentally with outstanding results, including low saturation intensity, deep modulation depth, and fast carrier recovery time. LD nanomaterials can therefore be used as SAs for mode-locking or Q-switching to generate ultrafast fiber laser pulses with a high repetition rate and short duration in the visible, near-infrared, and mid-infrared wavelength regions. Here, we review the recent development of emerging LD nanomaterials as SAs for ultrafast mode-locked fiber laser applications in different dispersion regimes such as anomalous and normal dispersion regimes of the laser cavity operating in the near-infrared region, especially at ~1550 nm. The preparation methods, nonlinear optical properties of LD SAs, and various integration schemes for incorporating LD SAs into fiber laser systems are introduced. In addition to these, externally (electrically or optically) controlled pulsed fiber laser behavior and other characteristics of various LD SAs are summarized. Finally, the perspectives and challenges facing LD SA-based mode-locked ultrafast fiber lasers are highlighted.

scholarly journals Bright Soliton and Bright–Dark Soliton Pair in an Er-Doped Fiber Laser Mode-Locked Based on In2Se3 Saturable Absorber

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qin Wei ◽  
Xile Han ◽  
Huanian Zhang ◽  
Chonghui Li ◽  
Chao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Laser ◽  
Output Power ◽  
Saturable Absorber ◽  
High Power ◽  
Fiber Lasers ◽  
Physical Vapor Deposition ◽  
Modulation Depth ◽  
Polarization State ◽  
Average Output ◽  
Stable Mode

The output power in ultrafast fiber lasers is usually limited due to the lack of a versatile saturable absorber with high damage threshold and large modulation depth. Here we proposed a more efficient strategy to improve the output energy of erbium-doped fiber laser based on indium selenide (In2Se3) prepared by using the physical vapor deposition (PVD) method. Finally, stable mode-locked bright pulses and triple-wavelength dark–bright pulse pair generation were obtained successfully by adjusting the polarization state. The average output power and pulse energy were 172.4 mW/101 nJ and 171.3 mW/100 nJ, which are significantly improved compared with the previous work. These data demonstrate that the PVD-In2Se3 can be a feasible nonlinear photonic material for high-power fiber lasers, which will pave a fresh avenue for the high-power fiber laser.

scholarly journals Broadband graphene-on-silicon modulator with orthogonal hybrid plasmonic waveguides

Nanophotonics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1529-1538
Author(s):  
Mingyang Su ◽  
Bo Yang ◽  
Junmin Liu ◽  
Huapeng Ye ◽  
Xinxing Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Modulation Depth ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Plasmonic Waveguides ◽  
Optical Fields ◽  
Photoelectric Properties ◽  
Hybrid Plasmonic Waveguides ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Silicon Modulator

AbstractGraphene, a two-dimensional nanomaterial, possess unique photoelectric properties that have potential application in designing optoelectronic devices. The tunable optical absorption is one of the most exciting properties that can be used to improve the performance of silicon modulators. However, the weak light–matter interaction caused by the size mismatch between the optical mode fields and graphene makes the graphene-on-silicon modulator (GOSM) has large footprint and high energy consumption, limiting the enhancement of modulation efficiency. Here, we propose a broadband GOSM with orthogonal hybrid plasmonic waveguides (HPWs) at near-infrared wavelengths. The orthogonal HPWs are designed to compress the interaction region of optical fields and enhance the light-graphene interaction. The results show that the GOSM has a modulation depth of 26.20 dB/μm, a footprint of 0.33 μm2, a 3 dB modulation bandwidth of 462.77 GHz, and energy consumption of 2.82 fJ/bit at 1.55 μm. Even working at a broad wavelength band ranging from 1.3 to 2 μm, the GOSM also has a modulation depth of over 8.58 dB/μm and energy consumption of below 4.97 fJ/bit. It is anticipated that with the excellent modulation performance, this GOSM may have great potential in broadband integrated modulators, on-chip optical communications and interconnects, etc.

scholarly journals Optical Nonlinearity of ZrS2 and Applications in Fiber Laser

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Li ◽  
Ruidong Lv ◽  
Jiang Wang ◽  
Zhendong Chen ◽  
Huizhong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Lasers ◽  
Nonlinear Optical ◽  
Modulation Depth ◽  
Transition Metal Dichalcogenides ◽  
Side Surface ◽  
Single Pulse ◽  
Optical Nonlinearity ◽  
Pulse Generation ◽  
Dual Wavelength ◽  
Optical Applications

Group VIB transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have been successfully demonstrated as saturable absorbers (SAs) for pulsed fiber lasers. For the group comprising IVB TMDs, applications in this field remain unexplored. In this work, ZrS2-based SA is prepared by depositing a ZrS2 nanostructured film onto the side surface of a D-shaped fiber. The nonlinear optical properties of the prepared SA are investigated, which had a modulation depth of 3.3% and a saturable intensity of 13.26 MW/cm2. In a pump power range of 144–479 mW, the Er-doped fiber (EDF) laser with ZrS2 can operate in the dual-wavelength Q-switching state. The pulse duration declined from 10.0 μs down to 2.3 μs. The single pulse energy reached 53.0 nJ. The usage of ZrS2 as a SA for pulse generation in fiber lasers is presented for the first time. Compared to the experimental results of dual-wavelength Q-switched fiber lasers with two-dimensional (2D) materials, our laser performance was better. Our work indicates that the group comprising IVB TMD ZrS2 has bright prospects for nonlinear optical applications.

scholarly journals Passively Q-switched Yb-doped all-fiber laser based on Ag nanoplates as saturable absorber

Nanophotonics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 3873-3880
Author(s):  
Bo Fu ◽  
Pan Wang ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Marcello Condorelli ◽  
Enza Fazio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pump Power ◽  
Fiber Laser ◽  
Saturable Absorber ◽  
Modulation Depth ◽  
Single Pulse ◽  
Average Output ◽  
Saturable Absorbers ◽  
Maximum Average Output Power ◽  
Easy Integration ◽  
First Time

AbstractWe report on a Q-switched Yb-doped all-fiber laser based on a solution-processed Ag nanoplates saturable absorber. Optical deposition procedure is implemented to transfer the Ag nanoplates onto the fiber core area through the thermal effect. The saturable absorber is sandwiched between two fiber connectors, providing simplicity, flexibility, and easy integration into the laser oscillator. The modulation depth and saturation incident fluence are measured to be ~5.8% and ~106.36 μJ/cm2 at 1-μm region, respectively. Self-started stable Q-switched operation is achieved for a threshold pump power of 180 mW. The repetition rates of the pulse trains range from 66.6 to 184.8 kHz when the pump power scales from 210 to 600 mW. The maximum average output power is 10.77 mW, corresponding to the single-pulse energy of 58.3 nJ and minimum pulse duration of ~1.01 μs. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first time that the Ag nanoplates saturable absorbers are utilized in the 1-μm Yb-doped Q-switched fiber laser.

Theoretical Framework of 1,3-Thiazolium-5-Thiolates Mesoionic Compounds: Exploring the Nature of Photophysical Properties and Molecular Nonlinearity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeyu Liu ◽  
Shugui Hua ◽  
Tian Lu ◽  
Ziqi Tian
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Rayleigh Scattering ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Photophysical Properties ◽  
Optical Nonlinearity ◽  
Nonlinear Properties ◽  
Photoelectric Performance ◽  
Wave Function Analysis

Inspired by a previous experimental study on the first-order hyperpolarizabilities of 1,3-thiazolium-5-thiolates mesoionic compounds using Hyper-Rayleigh scattering technique, we theoretically investigated the UV-Vis absorption spectra and every order polarizabilities of these mesoionic molecules. Based on the fact that the photophysical and nonlinear properties observed in the experiment can be perfectly replicated, our theoretical calculations explored the essential characteristics of the optical properties of the mesoionic compounds with different electron-donating groups at the level of electronic structures through various wave function analysis methods. The influence of the electron-donating ability of the donor on the optical properties of the molecules and the contribution of the mesoionic ring moiety to their optical nonlinearity are clarified, which have not been reported by any research so far. This work will help people understand the nature of optical properties of mesoionic-based molecules and provide guidance for the rational design of molecules with excellent photoelectric performance in the future.

Black Silicon Germanium (SiGe) for Extended Wavelength Near Infrared Electro-optical Applications

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred Semendy ◽  
Patrick Taylor ◽  
Gregory Meissner ◽  
Priyalal Wijewarnasuriya
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Germanium ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Black Silicon ◽  
Optical Applications

scholarly journals Giant enhancement of THz-frequency optical nonlinearity by phonon polariton in ionic crystals

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao Lu ◽  
Qi Zhang ◽  
Qiang Wu ◽  
Zhigang Chen ◽  
Xueming Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Optical Nonlinearity ◽  
Ionic Crystals ◽  
Nonlinear Optical Susceptibility ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Light Coupling ◽  
Tremendous Progress ◽  
Fundamental Research ◽  
Ionic Contribution ◽  
Time Resolved Imaging

AbstractThe field of nonlinear optics has grown substantially in past decades, leading to tremendous progress in fundamental research and revolutionized applications. Traditionally, the optical nonlinearity for a light wave at frequencies beyond near-infrared is observed with very high peak intensity, as in most materials only the electronic nonlinearity dominates while ionic contribution is negligible. However, it was shown that the ionic contribution to nonlinearity can be much larger than the electronic one in microwave experiments. In the terahertz (THz) regime, phonon polariton may assist to substantially trigger the ionic nonlinearity of the crystals, so as to enhance even more the nonlinear optical susceptibility. Here, we experimentally demonstrate a giant second-order optical nonlinearity at THz frequency, orders of magnitude higher than that in the visible and microwave regimes. Different from previous work, the phonon-light coupling is achieved under a phase-matching setting, and the dynamic process of nonlinear THz generation is directly observed in a thin-film waveguide using a time-resolved imaging technique. Furthermore, a nonlinear modification to the Huang equations is proposed to explain the observed nonlinearity enhancement. This work brings about an effective approach to achieve high nonlinearity in ionic crystals, promising for applications in THz nonlinear technologies.

scholarly journals Nano-Crystallization of Ln-Fluoride Crystals in Glass-Ceramics via Inducing of Yb3+ for Efficient Near-Infrared Upconversion Luminescence of Tm3+

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1033
Author(s):  
Jianfeng Li ◽  
Yi Long ◽  
Qichao Zhao ◽  
Shupei Zheng ◽  
Zaijin Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structures ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Upconversion Luminescence ◽  
Glass Ceramics ◽  
Upconversion Emission ◽  
Ceramic Composites ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Transmission Window ◽  
Optical Applications ◽  
Upconversion Emissions

Transparent glass-ceramic composites embedded with Ln-fluoride nanocrystals are prepared in this work to enhance the upconversion luminescence of Tm3+. The crystalline phases, microstructures, and photoluminescence properties of samples are carefully investigated. KYb3F10 nanocrystals are proved to controllably precipitate in the glass-ceramics via the inducing of Yb3+ when the doping concentration varies from 0.5 to 1.5 mol%. Pure near-infrared upconversion emissions are observed and the emission intensities are enhanced in the glass-ceramics as compared to in the precursor glass due to the incorporation of Tm3+ into the KYb3F10 crystal structures via substitutions for Yb3+. Furthermore, KYb2F7 crystals are also nano-crystallized in the glass-ceramics when the Yb3+ concentration exceeds 2.0 mol%. The upconversion emission intensity of Tm3+ is further enhanced by seven times as Tm3+ enters the lattice sites of pure KYb2F7 nanocrystals. The designed glass ceramics provide efficient gain materials for optical applications in the biological transmission window. Moreover, the controllable nano-crystallization strategy induced by Yb3+ opens a new way for engineering a wide range of functional nanomaterials with effective incorporation of Ln3+ ions into fluoride crystal structures.

scholarly journals Highly Stable Passively Q-Switched Erbium-Doped All-Fiber Laser Based on Niobium Diselenide Saturable Absorber

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (14) ◽  
pp. 4303
Author(s):  
Ping Hu ◽  
Jiajia Mao ◽  
Hongkun Nie ◽  
Ruihua Wang ◽  
Baitao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Laser ◽  
Saturable Absorber ◽  
Pulse Width ◽  
Nonlinear Optical ◽  
Modulation Depth ◽  
Transition Metal Dichalcogenide ◽  
Center Wavelength ◽  
Niobium Diselenide ◽  
Erbium Doped ◽  
Layered Transition Metal

A saturable absorber (SA) based on niobium diselenide (NbSe2), which is a layered transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) in the VB group, is fabricated by the optically driven deposition method, and the related nonlinear optical properties are characterized. The modulation depth, saturable intensity, and nonsaturable loss of the as-prepared NbSe2 nanosheet-based SA are measured to be 16.2%, 0.76 MW/cm2, and 14%, respectively. By using the as-fabricated NbSe2 SA, a highly stable, passively Q-switched, erbium-doped, all-fiber laser is realized. The obtained shortest pulse width is 1.49 μs, with a pulse energy of 48.33 nJ at a center wavelength of 1560.38 nm. As far as we know, this is the shortest pulse duration ever obtained by an NbSe2 SA in a Q-switched fiber laser.

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