Psychological consequences of multiple sclerosis and assistance possibilities

Physiotherapy ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolanta Neustein ◽  
Joanna Rymaszewska
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
Psychological Help ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Psychological Issues ◽  
Demyelinating Disorder ◽  
Treatment Support ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Specialist Rehabilitation

AbstractMultiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory and demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system. It is a chronic, unpredictable and pleomorphic disease, with a variety of symptoms and diverse course, which changes the life of the patient, their family and relatives. Therefore, the analysis of the nature and individuality of psychological issues in MS has become an important aspect for health professionals. Psychological consequences may occur before, during, or after the diagnosis. The adaptation process, mental changes observed in patients and how they live their lives with a chronic disease are very individual in character. The disease and its sequelae are so stressful that they cause dramatic changes which are contrary to the previous development, to the image of self. The quality of life in MS patients is conditioned not only in physical but also in psychological terms; thus there is a necessity to seek treatment, support, and specialist rehabilitation of patients in relation to psychological help. The full rehabilitation program should represent a holistic approach to the patient and include physical, cognitive, emotional, personal, and social aspects.

Immunomodulation in Multiple Sclerosis by Phytotherapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-36
Author(s):  
Maryam Bahrami ◽  
Ghasem Mosayebi ◽  
Ali Ghazavi ◽  
Ali Ganji
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Boswellia Serrata ◽  
Immunomodulatory Agents ◽  
Therapeutic Benefits ◽  
Demyelinating Disorder ◽  
Sensory Impairments ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Pomegranate Peel Extract ◽  
Peel Extract

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory and demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) that can cause cognition, mobility, and sensory impairments. Studies have shown that the immune system through inflammation and autoreactive T cells are involved in the progression of MS. The present article aimed to review the potent anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory agents that could modulate the immune response in MS. In herbal medicine, various medicinal plants including Olive, Silybum marianum, Grape, Pomegranate peel extract, Nigella sativa, Turmeric, Green tea, Aloysia citrodora, Boswellia papyrifera, Boswellia serrata, Ruta graveolens, and Andrographis paniculata are known with therapeutic benefits in MS patients through immunoregulation and reduction of major symptoms.

Demyelinating disorders of the central nervous system

2010 ◽  
pp. 4948-4963
Author(s):  
Siddharthan Chandran ◽  
Alastair Compston
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Demyelinating Diseases ◽  
Demyelinating Disorder ◽  
System P ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Demyelinating Disorders ◽  
Brain And Spinal Cord

Clinicians suspect demyelination when episodes reflecting damage to white matter tracts within the central nervous system occur in young adults. The paucity of specific biological markers of discrete demyelinating syndromes places an emphasis on clinical phenotype—temporal and spatial patterns—when classifying demyelinating disorders. The diagnosis of multiple sclerosis, the most common demyelinating disorder, becomes probable when these symptoms and signs recur, involving different parts of the brain and spinal cord. Other important demyelinating diseases include post-infectious neurological disorders (acute disseminated encephalomyelitis), demyelination resulting from metabolic derangements (central pontine myelinosis), and inherited leucodystrophies that may present in children or in adults. Accepting differences in mechanism, presentation, and treatment, two observations can usefully be made when classifying demyelinating disorders. These are the presence or absence of inflammation, and the extent of focal vs. diffuse demyelination. Multiple sclerosis is prototypic for the former, whereas dysmyelinating disorders, such as leucodystrophies are representative of the latter....

scholarly journals Therapeutic Apheresis in Acute Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis: Current Evidence and Unmet Needs—A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolfes ◽  
Pfeuffer ◽  
Ruck ◽  
Melzer ◽  
Pawlitzki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Comparable Efficacy ◽  
Demyelinating Disorder ◽  
Published Evidence ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Technical Details ◽  
Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most abundant inflammatory demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system. Despite recent advances in its long-term immunomodulatory treatment, MS patients still suffer from relapses, significantly contributing to disability accrual. In recent years, apheresis procedures such as therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) and immunoadsorption (IA) have been recognized as two options for treating MS relapses, that do not respond to standard treatment with corticosteroids. TPE is already incorporated in most international guidelines, although evidence for its use resulted mostly from either case series or small unblinded and/or non-randomized trials. Data on IA are still sparse, but several studies indicate comparable efficacy between both apheresis procedures. This article gives an overview of the published evidence on TPE and IA in the treatment of acute relapses in MS. Further, we outline current evidence regarding individual outcome predictors, describe technical details of apheresis procedures, and discuss apheresis treatment in children and during pregnancy.

First use of alemtuzumab in Balo’s concentric sclerosis: a case report

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 1673-1675 ◽  
Author(s):  
JWL Brown ◽  
AJ Coles ◽  
JL Jones
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Standard Protocol ◽  
Demyelinating Disorder ◽  
Relapsing Remitting ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Radiological Impact ◽  
Treatment Refractory ◽  
Baló’S Concentric Sclerosis ◽  
Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis

Balo’s concentric sclerosis (BCS) is a rare demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system. The humanised monoclonal antibody alemtuzumab has shown efficacy in another demyelinating disorder, relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis. We aimed to explore its efficacy in treatment-refractory BCS. A 52-year-old male with radiologically confirmed progressive BCS resistant to steroids, plasmapharesis and cyclophosphamide was administered a standard protocol of alemtuzumab. Treatment failed to slow his decline; he died 6 months after administration. Why alemtuzumab induced no clinical or radiological impact may be multifactorial. We review the evidence directing BCS therapy and propose the next steps for exploring this potentially fatal condition.

scholarly journals Cognitive Impairment in Multiple Sclerosis

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Telma Santos ◽  
Joaquim Pinheiro ◽  
Pedro Barros ◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
White Matter Disease ◽  
The Past ◽  
Ms Imaging ◽  
Demyelinating Disorder ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The 19Th Century

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system. Although MS has been known since the 19th century, cognitive impairment (CI) was only recognised as an important feature of MS over the past 30 years. The reason is that, until recently, MS was perceived exclusively as a white matter disease, and cognition was thought to depend solely on the cortex. This article aims to review the prevalence, risk factors, profile and diagnosis of CI in MS. Imaging correlates and treatment will also be briefly discussed.

scholarly journals Ixekizumab for patients with plaque psoriasis affected by multiple sclerosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrique Herrera-Acosta ◽  
Gustavo Guillermo Garriga Martina ◽  
Jorge Alonso Suárez-Pérez ◽  
Eliseo Alejandro Martínez-García ◽  
Enrique Herrera-Ceballos
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Plaque Psoriasis ◽  
Neurological Disease ◽  
Chronic Plaque Psoriasis ◽  
Demyelinating Disorder ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system that shares similar immunopathogenic mechanisms with chronic plaque psoriasis, such as the overexpression of the Th17 pathway. We report the case of a patient with multiple sclerosis and severe chronic plaque psoriasis successfully treated with ixekizumab (anti IL-17A and IL-17A/F monoclonal antibody). The treatment achieved a complete skin clearance (PASI 100 response) with no adverse events or evidence of progression of the neurological disease. Keywords: Psoriasis; Ixekizumab; Multiple sclerosis

scholarly journals Traditional Uses of Cannabinoids and New Perspectives in the Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis

Medicines ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Gado ◽  
Maria Digiacomo ◽  
Marco Macchia ◽  
Simone Bertini ◽  
Clementina Manera
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Endocannabinoid System ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Demyelinating Disorder ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Recent findings highlight the emerging role of the endocannabinoid system in the control of symptoms and disease progression in multiple sclerosis (MS). MS is a chronic, immune-mediated, demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system with no cure so far. It is widely reported in the literature that cannabinoids might be used to control MS symptoms and that they also might exert neuroprotective effects and slow down disease progression. This review aims to give an overview of the principal cannabinoids (synthetic and endogenous) used for the symptomatic amelioration of MS and their beneficial outcomes, providing new potentially possible perspectives for the treatment of this disease.

scholarly journals Early-Onset Alcohol Dependence and Multiple Sclerosis: Diagnostic Challenges

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5588
Author(s):  
Maria Luca ◽  
Clara Grazia Chisari ◽  
Aurora Zanghì ◽  
Francesco Patti
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Diagnostic Delay ◽  
Demyelinating Disorder ◽  
Mental Comorbidities ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Specific Symptoms

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder characterized by the progressive disruption of the myelin sheath around the nerve fibres. The early initiation of disease-modifying treatments is crucial for preventing disease progression and neurological damage. Unfortunately, a diagnostic delay of several years is not uncommon, particularly in the presence of physical and mental comorbidities. Among psychiatric comorbidities, the role of alcohol misuse is still under debate. In this paper, we discuss a case of early-onset alcohol dependence and its possible role in delaying the initiation of a specific therapy for MS. The differential diagnosis between idiopathic and secondary neurodegenerative disorders is often challenging. When dealing with patients reporting an early-onset substance abuse (likely to present organic damage), clinicians may be prone to formulate a diagnosis of secondary neuropathy, particularly when facing non-specific symptoms. This case report highlights the need for in-depth medical investigations (including imaging) in the presence of neurological signs suggesting a damage of the central nervous system, prompting a differential diagnosis between idiopathic and secondary neurodegenerative conditions. Indeed, a timely diagnosis is crucial for the initiation of specific therapies positively affecting the outcome.

scholarly journals The monoclonal antibody GNbAC1: targeting human endogenous retroviruses in multiple sclerosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 175628641983357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Diebold ◽  
Tobias Derfuss
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Endogenous Retroviruses ◽  
Treatment Concept ◽  
Human Endogenous Retroviruses ◽  
Demyelinating Disorder ◽  
Relapsing Remitting ◽  
Pathophysiological Role ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Immunomodulatory Therapies

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system (CNS). Despite improvements of immunomodulatory therapies in relapsing–remitting MS, the pathomechanisms of progressive disease are poorly understood and therapeutically addressed to date. A pathophysiological role for proteins encoded by human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) has been proposed. GNbAC1 is a monoclonal antibody directed against the envelope protein of a HERV with postulated involvement in MS. Methods: This review addresses the treatment concept of GNbAC1, the design, preclinical and clinical development of the antibody, as published by November 2018. All four in-human trials (of which two addressed MS) are discussed. Conclusion: The treatment concept of GNbAC1 is appealing but remains controversial due to conflicting results regarding the hypothesized underlying pathomechanism. Anticipated immunomodulatory effects were not observed in clinical or pharmacodynamic analyses of the currently available data. However, a magnetic resonance imaging sign compatible with the remyelinating potential of GNbAC1 encouraged further development of this antibody in progressive MS. No relevant issues with tolerability or safety have been described to date.

Role of Prostaglandins in Multiple Sclerosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 730-742
Author(s):  
Surendra Gulla ◽  
Dakshayani Lomada ◽  
Anusha Lade ◽  
Reddanna Pallu ◽  
Madhava C. Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorders ◽  
Cognitive Disability ◽  
Demyelinating Disorder ◽  
Mediators Of Inflammation ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis

: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune demyelinating disorder with chronic inflammation in the central nervous system, manifested by both physical and cognitive disability. Neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration are the phenomena that appear in the central nervous system associated with various neurodegenerative disorders, including MS, Alzheimer’s diseases, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Parkinson’s disease. Prostaglandins are one of the major mediators of inflammation that exhibit an important function in enhancing neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative processes. These mediators would help understand the pathophysiology of MS as the combination of antagonists or agonists of prostaglandins receptors could be beneficial during the treatment of MS. The present review focuses on the role played by different prostaglandins and the enzymes which produced them in the etiopathogenesis of MS.

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