Investigation of the properties of polystyrene-based wood plastic composites: effects of the flame retardant loading and magnetic fields

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (8) ◽  
pp. 704-715
Author(s):  
Chenwu Liang ◽  
Bin Yang ◽  
Dan Wang ◽  
Jin Chen ◽  
Yinhang Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Alternating Magnetic Field ◽  
Wood Plastic Composites ◽  
Solution Blending ◽  
Plastic Composites ◽  
Fe Powder ◽  
Flame Retardant Properties ◽  
Reasonable Prediction ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Polystyrene-based wood plastic composites (WPCs) containing ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and iron (Fe) powder were prepared in this work by solution blending with the aid of an alternating magnetic field. The mechanical, electrical, thermal and fire performances of the WPCs were analyzed through mechanical testing, thermogravimetry and CONE calorimeter. The addition of Fe powder decreased the tensile strength and increased the impact strength. The APP promoted the formation of sufficient char on the material’s surface and enhanced the flame retardant properties. Furthermore, an alternating magnetic field was used to align the Fe powders. After the magnetic treatment, the electrical conductivity and thermal properties were found to increase considerably compared with those without treatment. The Agari model presented the most reasonable prediction of thermal conductivity as a function of Fe content among three classical thermal conduction models. According to the morphological observations, the iron particles in the composites tended to rearrange along the direction of the magnetic field after treatment, resulting in the enhancement of both thermal and electrical conductivities. The prepared WPCs in this study exhibited good flame retardant properties together with the acceptable mechanical properties of the composites.

Preparation and performance of high-density polyethylene-based wood–plastic composites reinforced with red pottery clay

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (12) ◽  
pp. 853-863
Author(s):  
Qingde Li ◽  
Xun Gao ◽  
Wanli Cheng ◽  
Guangping Han ◽  
Jiye Han
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
High Density ◽  
Wood Plastic Composites ◽  
Plastic Composites ◽  
Available Carbon ◽  
Flame Retardant Properties ◽  
And Performance

In this study, by preparing red pottery clay according to unearthed red pottery clay pieces and using red pottery clay to reinforce high-density polyethylene-based wood–plastic composites, the effects of the amount of red pottery clay on the properties of the fabricated wood–plastic composites were investigated. The results indicated that when the amount of red pottery clay increased, flexural strength and impact strength of the composite initially increased and then decreased; flexural modulus increased and tensile strength and elongation at break decreased. The cone calorimeter tests studied the effects of red pottery clay on the flame retardant and smoke suppressant behaviors of high-density polyethylene-based wood–plastic composites. Red pottery clay formed a ceramic structure on the surface and inside high-density polyethylene, thus preventing high-density polyethylene from interacting with oxygen and increasing the amount of available carbon. As a result, the flame retardant properties of wood–plastic composites were improved due to the addition of red pottery clay. A comprehensive evaluation of the properties of high-density polyethylene-based wood–plastic composites reinforced with red pottery clay showed that addition of 5% of red pottery clay resulted in the most optimal mechanical properties: the addition of red pottery clay improved the density of the composite, decreased the shrinkage rate, and enhanced the flame retardant properties.

Study on the Preparation and Performance of Epoxy Resin/AlOOH Nano-Composite Materials

2011 ◽  
Vol 399-401 ◽  
pp. 597-601
Author(s):  
Hai Da Liao ◽  
Wei Ping Zhang ◽  
Xiao Ming Sun ◽  
Jin Fu Qin ◽  
Yong Duo Hang
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Nano Composite ◽  
Nano Scale ◽  
Solution Blending ◽  
Flame Retardant Properties ◽  
The Impact

Abstract: Using laboratory-made nano-scale r–AlOOH as nanophase raw material, the compounding method characterized by direct solution-blending was adopted to prepare epoxy resin/AlOOH nano-composite material; the influences of various factors, such as the dispersion characteristics of nano-scale AlOOH and its content in composite material, on mechanical and flame retardant properties of composite material were studied. The result indicated that the epoxy resin/AlOOH nano-composite material, compared with the ordinary Al(OH)3/epoxy resin composite material, possessed excellent mechanical and flame retardant properties. When the content of AlOOH was 10%, the tensile strength and the breaking elongation rate of composite material was increased by 189% and 468%, respectively. When the mass ratio of AlOOH/epoxy resin was 70/100, the impact strength was increased by 59%; after it decreased to about 60/100, the vertical combustion reached the level of V-0.

Evaluation of Dynamic Properties of Wood-Plastic Composites Using Split Hopkinson Bar Methods

2016 ◽  
Vol 715 ◽  
pp. 23-26
Author(s):  
Masahiro Nishida ◽  
Shun Furuya ◽  
Hirokazu Ito ◽  
Rie Makise ◽  
Masaki Okamoto
Keyword(s):  
High Strain ◽  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Wood Flour ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Strain Rates ◽  
High Strain Rates ◽  
Wood Plastic Composites ◽  
Plastic Composites ◽  
Pressure Bar ◽  
The Impact

Wood-plastic composites (WPCs) which consist of wood flour and plastics have been widely used as architectural materials for a long time. However, the impact resistance is not always high and basic mechanical properties at high strain rate are not fully understood. In order to clarify the tensile behavior at high strain rates, split Hokinson pressure bar method was used for WPCs consisting of polypropylene. The effects of mixing ratio on the maximum stress and elongation at break were examined at high strain rates.

Effects of Adding Method of a Novel Haxogen-Free Flame Retardant Agent on the Properties of Wood-Plastic Composites

2012 ◽  
Vol 268-270 ◽  
pp. 818-822
Author(s):  
Wang Wang Yu ◽  
Tao Huang ◽  
Dong Xue ◽  
Lu Jing ◽  
Wen Lei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Fire Retardant ◽  
Immersion Method ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Wood Plastic Composites ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Plastic Composites ◽  
Combustion Properties ◽  
Thermal Degradation Behavior

Phosphoric acid, pentaerythritol and aniline were used to synthesize a novel intumescent flame retardant agent(IFR), then IFR was added into high density polyethylene based wood plastic composites(WPC) by three different ways. Thermal degradation behavior, combustion properties and mechanical properties of WPC were evaluated by means of limiting oxygen index(LOI), thermogravimetric analysis(TGA), universal testing and scanning electron microscope(SEM) images of char formed after LOI tests. The results show that when IFR was added directly into WPC, the composite has the best flame resistant property, but the worst mechanical properties; when IFR is dissolved into solution, and the immersion method is adopted, the WPC has the best mechanical properties and better fire retardant property.

scholarly journals Sub-surface mechanical properties and sub-surface creep behavior of wood-plastic composites reinforced by organoclay

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-121
Author(s):  
Sumit Manohar Yadav ◽  
Kamal Bin Yusoh
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Creep Behavior ◽  
Creep Resistance ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Viscoelastic Model ◽  
Wood Plastic Composites ◽  
Plastic Composites ◽  
Surface Creep ◽  
The Impact

AbstractWood-plastic composites (WPC) were manufactured from polypropylene, wood flour, maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene and organoclay. The sub-surface mechanical properties and the sub-surface creep behavior of the organoclay-based WPC were examined by the nanoindentation technique. The results showed that the hardness, elastic modulus and creep resistance of the WPC enhanced with the loading of C20 organoclay. This enhancement was subject to the organoclay content and the dispersion of organoclay in the polymer matrix. The hardness, elastic modulus and creep resistance of WPC with 1 wt% organoclay content enhanced by approximately 36%, 41% and 17%, respectively, in contrast with WPC without organoclay. To study the impact of organoclay content on the creep performance of WPC, a viscoelastic model was actualized. The results demonstrated that the model was in good agreement with the experimental information. Reinforcement of organoclay prompts expansion in elastic deformation and instigates a higher initial displacement at the early stage of creep.

A rapid technique for monitoring volatile organic compound emissions from wood–plastic composites

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taneli Väisänen ◽  
Kimmo Laitinen ◽  
Laura Tomppo ◽  
Jorma Joutsensaari ◽  
Olavi Raatikainen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indoor Air ◽  
Proton Transfer Reaction ◽  
Emission Rates ◽  
Wood Plastic Composites ◽  
Voc Emission ◽  
Plastic Composites ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Volatile Organic Compound Emissions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Tof Ms

Wood–plastic composites (WPCs) have numerous indoor applications, including framing, decoration and flooring. However, the impact of WPCs on indoor air quality has not been widely studied. Proton-transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometer (PTR-TOF-MS) was utilized to monitor the release of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from a commercial WPC for 41 days since its day of manufacture. Additionally, the emission rates of VOCs from seven different WPC samples were compared and converted into air concentrations to evaluate whether the odour thresholds would be exceeded. The VOCs studied were formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acetic acid, cyclohexene, furan, furfural, guaiacol and monoterpenes. The results from the 41-day test revealed that the emission rates of monoterpenes, guaiacol, furfural and acetaldehyde declined by 75%–93%, whereas an opposite phenomenon was observed for cyclohexene (nearly a threefold increase). The comparison of VOC emission rates from seven WPC samples indicated that none of the samples had the lowest or highest emission rate for every VOC studied. The present results are significant in at least two aspects; this study shows that the VOC emission rates from WPCs can be determined by using PTR-TOF-MS. Furthermore, it seems that guaiacol and acetaldehyde exceed their odour thresholds and therefore humans will be able to detect these compounds from the WPCs studied.

Correlation between Fractal Dimension and Impact Strength for Wood Plastic Composites

2011 ◽  
Vol 411 ◽  
pp. 548-551
Author(s):  
Tao Qiang ◽  
De Mei Yu
Keyword(s):  
Fractal Dimension ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Fractal Analysis ◽  
Impact Test ◽  
Wood Plastic Composites ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Fracture Surfaces ◽  
Plastic Composites ◽  
The Impact

Polylactide (PLA)-based wood plastic composites (WPCs) were manufactured by extrusion blending followed by injection molding. The fracture surfaces created from the impact test were recorded with SEM. Fractal analysis has been used to calculate the fractal dimension of the fracture surfaces with four different fractal analysis techniques. Then, the correlation between the fractal dimension of the fracture surfaces and its impact strength of the PLA-based WPCs was investigated by the linear regression. The results showed that there is a positive correlation between the impact strength and the fractal dimension.

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