scholarly journals Mere Recollection of Food Reduces Altruistic Behavior

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 250-254
Author(s):  
Yasuto Okamura
Keyword(s):  
Cue Reactivity ◽  
The State ◽  
Altruistic Behavior ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hierarchy Of Needs ◽  
Food Cues ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Before And After

Abstract The purpose of the study was twofold: Experiment 1 tested the possibility that the mere recollection of food aroused a state of hunger and that different types of food influenced the state of hunger differently; Experiment 2 tested the possibility that food cues affected altruistic behavior. In Experiment 1, 28 participants reported how hungry they felt before and after their recollection of certain foods (noodles and pudding). Results suggest that recollection of food increased hunger and that the type of food influenced the degree of hunger (F(2,54) = 31.88, p < .001, η2 = .54). In Experiment 2, 63 participants were randomly assigned to one of three recollection conditions: (1) noodles, (2) pudding, and (3) control. Participants in the two conditions described each food in detail; control group participants did not. Participants were then asked how much they would be willing to participate in an ostensible experiment. Results indicate that recollection-induced hunger reduced altruistic behavior (F(2, 60) = 4.11, p = .021, η2 = .12). Cue reactivity theory and the hierarchy of needs could explain these results.

The effect of hirudotherapy on cerebral circulatory homeostasis in patients with genital endometriosis

2020 ◽  
pp. 58-66
Author(s):  
Ya. I. Uraeva ◽  
I. I. Ivanova ◽  
N. N. Lazarenko ◽  
E. V. Filatova ◽  
I. A. Pankova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Cerebral Circulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Complex Treatment ◽  
Statistical Regression ◽  
Treatment Results ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Before And After

The results of the treatment of women (n = 94) suffering from genital endometriosis are presented. The first (control, n = 30) group of women received standard drug therapy; the second (main, n = 64) group of women additionally had hirudotherapy procedures using medical leeches. The course of treatment consisted of 10–12 procedures. The state of cerebral circulation was assessed according to the rheoencephalography data before and after the treatment, as well as after 1, 3, 6, and 9 months. As a result, in patients in the 2-nd (main) group receiving complex treatment, the state of cerebral circulation improved signifi cantly. Moreover, according to the statistical regression analysis, it was possible to predict its further decrease by two periods ahead, compared with the treatment results in patients in the 1-st (control) group.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF SKY YOGA AND PRANAYAMA ON EMOTION AMONG COLLEGE GIRLS

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
S. Neelavathy ◽  
R. P. Balasubramania
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Psychological Effects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Not Given ◽  
Psychological Change ◽  
Group I ◽  
State Of Mind ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Experimental Group

Emotion is the ability of a person to express the state of mind which he is, but when a person is mentally, physically, emotionally, and spiritually unstable results in a psychological change and helpless on situations. The purpose of the study was to nd out Effect of SKY yoga and pranayama on emotion among college girls .To achieve the purpose of the study 45 College girls were selected randomly from Coimbatore as the subjects. The subject's age ranged from 18 to 21 years. . The selected subjects were divided into 3 groups. Experimental Group I under went on sky yoga only & Experimental Group II went on pranayama only for 50 minutes per day, six days a week for 12 weeks. The control group was not given any practice. The pre-test and post-test were conducted before and after the training for all three groups. The data collected from the groups before and after the training period were statistically analysed by using Analysis of Co-Variance (ANACOVA) to determine the signicant difference and tested at 0.05 level of signicance. The result of the study showed that there was signicant improvement in the emotion of the Experimental Groups I, II subjects than the Controlled group. Through the SKY yoga and Pranayama Emotion got controlled. The conclusion was that SKY yoga controlled emotions and got reduced the psychological effects depression and stress etc. among college girls.

The Vegetative Status Correction in the Patients with Chronic Dyscirculatory Encephalopathy on the Sanatorium Rehabilitation Stage

10.12737/5760 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Куликов ◽  
N. Kulikov ◽  
Череващенко ◽  
Lyubov Cherevashchenko ◽  
Череващенко ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Therapy ◽  
The State ◽  
The Body ◽  
Brain Diseases ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Autonomic Imbalance ◽  
Dyscirculatory Encephalopathy ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Adaptive Reactions

Among vascular brain diseases a special place in its importance takes chronic cerebrovascular pathology in the form of dyscirculatory encephalopathy. The most frequently affected cerebral structures with discirculatory encephalopathy are those parts of the brain that are largely responsible for shaping over segmental vegetative disorders, which are characteristic of clinics chronic cerebrovascular insufficiency. The purpose of this work is to develop a new modern high technology of sanatorium rehabilitation of the patients with circulatory encephalopathy on stage I and to correct autonomic imbalance. The authors observed 60 patients who were divided into 2 groups. The control group received radon baths, the patients from the main group in addition to radon baths received laser therapy paravertebrally C1-Th3, according to scanning technique. In all patients before and after treatment the state of the autonomic nervous system studied. It was found that the initial manifestations of vascular encephalopathy accompanied by autonomic imbalance with a predominance of sympathetic tone, activation and inhibition effects of ergotrop activities segmental systems, primarily due to the parasympathetic division. The results of this study demonstrate feasibility of incorporating laser therapy in complex radon baths for rehabilitation of patients with circulatory encephalopathy autonomic imbalance. The findings suggest that improving the functional state mechanisms vegetative maintenance activities, which help to eliminate the state of surge and flow of adaptive reactions in the body.

scholarly journals Features of dental diseases in children with albinism

2018 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 357-362
Author(s):  
R A Saleev ◽  
A B Abdrashitova ◽  
A I Makhmutova ◽  
N N Mayanskaya
Keyword(s):  
Immune Complexes ◽  
Oral Fluid ◽  
Primary Diagnosis ◽  
Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis ◽  
The State ◽  
Aphthous Stomatitis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Local Immunity ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group 1

Aim. To comparatively characterize the state of local and general immunity in patients with the primary diagnosis of albinism and oral mucosal diseases. Methods. In the dental clinic of FSBEI HE «Kazan SMU MOH Russia» 4 patients aged 16 to 17 years are observed with the primary diagnosis of albinism and comorbid oral mucosal diseases. On initial examination 2 patients from group 1 were diagnosed with chronic recurrent aphthous stomatitis, Sutton’s disease. K12.1. The control group (group 2) included 5 children aged 12 to 15 years diagnosed with chronic recurrent aphthous stomatitis. The state of local immunity was assessed by the level of lysozyme of the oral fluid before and after the treatment. Lysozyme activity in the oral fluid was evaluated and calculated by our newly developed method. The state of local immunity was assessed by immunograms. Patients’ microbiologic status was evaluated by microscopic and bacteriological methods. Results. Among the patients from group 1 with the diagnosis of chronic recurrent aphthous stomatitis, Sutton’s disease, the analysis of immunograms prior to the study revealed severe neutropenia (5.4±0.4×109/l), lymphocytosis (Т-lymphocytes 85±3.5%), leukopenia (2.2±0.1×109/l), increased level of immunoglobulin A (2.69±0.1 g/l), decreased number of phagocytes (2.6) and circulating immune complexes (22±1.48). In patients from the control group leukopenia (2.89±0.23×109/l), lymphocytosis (Т-lymphocytes 74.3±1.32%), insignificant increase of immunoglobulin G level (14.5±0.59 g/l), decreased number of phagocytes (4.5±0.5) and circulating immune complexes (38.67±1.23), and neutropenia (25.5±0.1×109/l) were revealed. Conclusion. Cellular component of the general immunity in albinos insignificantly differs from the patients of the control group but no restoration of the cellular immunity occurs even in long-term remission; to choose the method of treatment for patients diagnosed with chronic recurrent aphthous stomatitis it is necessary to determine the etiology of the disease, particularly, immunologic status of patients before and after the treatment.

The Effect of Comedy Films on Postoperative Pain and Anxiety in Surgical Oncology Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 231-239
Author(s):  
Serdar Sarıtaş ◽  
Hasan Genç ◽  
Şerafettin Okutan ◽  
Ramazan İnci ◽  
Ahmet Özdemir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Pain ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Surgical Oncology ◽  
The State ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oncology Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Experimental Group

Objectives: To determine the effect of watching Turkish comedy films on postoperative pain and anxiety in oncology surgical patients. Design: This study was conducted using a pre- and post-test randomized controlled trial model. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in a general surgery clinic of a hospital in eastern Turkey between January 2016 and January 2017. The sample of the study consisted of 88 patients (44 test, 44 control) selected by using the randomized sampling method. In the experimental group, funny videos from Turkish old comedy movies were watched for 10 min before surgery. Anxiety, measured by the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and vital signs were measured before and after the experimental protocol. In the analysis of the data, descriptive statistics, χ2 and t test were used. Results: The state-trait anxiety pre- and post-test mean score of the experimental group was found to be 39.59 ± 3.66 and 37.54 ± 3.52 before and after watching the video, respectively, indicating a statistically significant difference between these two values (p ≤ 0.05). No statistically significant difference was found between the pre- and post-test state-trait anxiety scores of the patients in the control group. The decrease from the pre- to post-test mean pain score was determined as 0.65 ± 1.05 in the experimental group and 0.11 ± 0.96 in the control group. A statistically significant difference was found between the groups’ post-test mean pain scores (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusion: The study results suggest that watching Turkish comedy movie videos has a positive effect on postoperative pain and anxiety in surgical oncology patients.

The role of Egyptian State Awards in changing researchers’ performance in the science and technology sector

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-190
Author(s):  
Bahaa Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
The State ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bibliometric Indicators ◽  
H Index ◽  
Technology Sector ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Academic Profiles

Abstract Egyptians generally pay attention to the State Awards as the most prestigious awards that Egyptian researchers can receive, including the Nile Award, the State Appreciation Award, the State Award of Excellence, and the State Encouragement Award. The current study is an attempt to investigate the role of national awards in the scientific research system, in order to identify the characteristics of Egyptian State Award laureates in science and technology during 2012–5, to determine their international literature, and to explore the implications of receiving a national award using bibliometric indicators. Scopus database was used to extract data, and the statistical software package SPSS was used to analyze. The study sample was 212 laureates, in addition to the control group of 184 researchers who closely matches the academic profiles of the laureates. The performance of the laureates and the control group was compared before and after the award by using four bibliometric indicators and the Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-ranks test. The laureates produced 13,598 publications from 1958 to 2018. Most of the laureates’ literature (94.35%) were published with coauthors. The Egyptian State Award laureates often collaborate with their Saudi Arabian and American colleagues, more than others. The average values of publications, citations, and citations per publication have increased after receipt of the award, unlike the h-index. Results indicated that receiving the State Award has a negative impact on the laureates’ performance.

Twelve-Week Exercise Influences Memory Complaint but not Memory Performance in Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 612-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enzo Iuliano ◽  
Giovanni Fiorilli ◽  
Giovanna Aquino ◽  
Alfonso Di Costanzo ◽  
Giuseppe Calcagno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Memory Performance ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Memory Complaint ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Before And After ◽  
And Control

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different types of exercise on memory performance and memory complaint after a 12-week intervention. Eighty community-dwelling volunteers, aged 66.96 ± 11.73 years, were randomly divided into four groups: resistance, cardiovascular, postural, and control groups (20 participants for each group). All participants were tested for their cognitive functions before and after their respective 12-week intervention using Rey memory words test, Prose memory test, and Memory Complaint Questionnaire (MAC-Q). Statistical analysis showed that the three experimental groups significantly improved MAC-Q scores in comparison with the control group (p < .05). The variation of MAC-Q scores and the variations of Rey and Prose memory tests scores were not correlated. These results indicate that the 12-week interventions exclusively influenced memory complaint but not memory performance. Further investigations are needed to understand the relation between memory complaint and memory performance, and the factors that can influence this relationship.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Coping Strategies at Alleviating Cue-Induced Craving: a Pilot Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 173-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Dicker ◽  
Mai Frandsen ◽  
Matthew A. Palmer ◽  
Stuart G. Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Group Intervention ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Cue Reactivity ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Smoking Cues ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference

Introduction: Results from observational studies suggest that smoking-related cues play a role in triggering relapse. Coping strategies are among the most commonly used cessation strategies, but little is known about how they aid quitting.Aims: The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the effect of a suite of selected coping techniques on alleviating cue-induced cravings.Methods: Thirty-seven daily smokers (Intervention: 20; Control: 17) participated in two laboratory cue-reactivity sessions, separated by approximately one week, during which craving was assessed before and after exposure to smoking-related cues. Following the first session, participants in the Intervention Group were taught a suite of coping strategies. During the second session, participants in the Intervention Group were encouraged to use these strategies.Results: Participants in the Intervention Group reported a slight decrease in craving following the acute exposure manipulation at the second session, compared to an increase in craving among participants in the Control Group. Intervention Group participants also reported a decrease in craving following prolonged exposure to the smoking cues (compared to an increase in craving among Control Group participants). In both cases, the difference between groups was more pronounced among smokers who responded to the cue-reactivity manipulation. The observed differences were not significant.Conclusions: The results of this pilot study suggest that coping techniques may be beneficial in alleviating both the initial spike in craving observed following acute cue exposure, and aid recovery during prolonged exposure. These findings need to be replicated in a larger study.

scholarly journals Wykorzystanie Internetu w rozwijaniu autonomii ucznia – wyniki badania ankietowego

Neofilolog ◽  
2010 ◽  
pp. 221-232
Author(s):  
Mariusz Kruk
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Internet Resources ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Use Of The Internet ◽  
Types Of Instruction ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

The aim of the article is to show the extent to which the use of the Internet resources promotes the development of learner autonomy among Polish senior high school learners of English. The data were gathered by means of a questionnaire before and after the treatment and subjected to quantitative and qualitative analysis. It should be noted that the data came from a larger research project in which two groups, experimental and control, received different types of instruction. More precisely, the learners in the experimental group gained access to the Internet and exercised more freedom in learning. On the other hand, the control group students were taught in a traditional way. The results indicate that the experimental learners became more autonomous than their control counterparts.

Effects of a 6-Week Straw Phonation in Water Exercise Program on the Aging Voice

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 1018-1032
Author(s):  
Chia-Hsin Wu ◽  
Roger W. Chan
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Analysis ◽  
Vocal Tract ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Perceptual Evaluation ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Aging Voice ◽  
Before And After

Purpose Semi-occluded vocal tract (SOVT) exercises with tubes or straws have been widely used for a variety of voice disorders. Yet, the effects of longer periods of SOVT exercises (lasting for weeks) on the aging voice are not well understood. This study investigated the effects of a 6-week straw phonation in water (SPW) exercise program. Method Thirty-seven elderly subjects with self-perceived voice problems were assigned into two groups: (a) SPW exercises with six weekly sessions and home practice (experimental group) and (b) vocal hygiene education (control group). Before and after intervention (2 weeks after the completion of the exercise program), acoustic analysis, auditory–perceptual evaluation, and self-assessment of vocal impairment were conducted. Results Analysis of covariance revealed significant differences between the two groups in smoothed cepstral peak prominence measures, harmonics-to-noise ratio, the auditory–perceptual parameter of breathiness, and Voice Handicap Index-10 scores postintervention. No significant differences between the two groups were found for other measures. Conclusions Our results supported the positive effects of SOVT exercises for the aging voice, with a 6-week SPW exercise program being a clinical option. Future studies should involve long-term follow-up and additional outcome measures to better understand the efficacy of SOVT exercises, particularly SPW exercises, for the aging voice.

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