scholarly journals Cutaneous Manifestations in HIV Infected Libyan Patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 113-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabil A. Aljehawi ◽  
Omran O. Bugrein ◽  
Azza Grew ◽  
Gamal Ahmed Duweb
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cutaneous Manifestations ◽  
Parenteral Transmission ◽  
Chi Square Test

Abstract Cutaneous manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease may result from HIV infection itself, or from opportunistic disorders secondary to the declined immunocompetence due to the disease. A total of 220 HIV positive patients, treated in the Benghazi Center of Infectious Diseases and Immunology over a period of 14 years (January 2003 to November 2016), were included in a retrospective study. The patients' age ranged from 7 to 46 years. The study was conducted by reviewing the patients' records using the management information system (MIS). Statistical analysis of the data was carried out by the t-test and Chi square test. Among the studied patients, 119 (54.1%) were males and 101 (45.9%) were females, and most of them (78.6%) were 10 – 19 years of age. The predominant mode of transmission was parenteral transmission, in 95% of patients, and positive family history was observed in 12% of patients. Among the total number of visits to dermatologists, 93% of patients had a single disease. Of the total number of skin diseases diagnosed during the visits, parasitic infestations were seen in 92 patients (21.0%), eczematous and related disorders in 78 patients (17.8%), viral infections in 71 patients (16.2%), bacterial infections in 41 patients (9.3%), and fungal infections in 35 patients (7.9%). Dermatophyte infections were the most common fungal infections recorded in 19 patients (4.3%), followed by Candida infection in 11 patients (2.5%). Warts were found in 5.9% of viral infections, followed by herpes zoster (4.1%). HIV positive patients should be examined for skin disorders, because early diagnosis and management of such problems improves the quality of life in these patients.

scholarly journals PREVALENCE OF CHILDHOOD SKIN DISORDERS ATTENDING AT OUTPATIENT PEDIATRIC HOSPITAL

2020 ◽  
pp. 131-135
Author(s):  
NANDINI THUMMANAPALLY ◽  
KAVITHA LAWDYAVATH ◽  
CHARANDAS GURUVA ◽  
DEEPTHI ENUMULA ◽  
SASTRY PVK ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Skin Disorders ◽  
Prior Approval ◽  
Bacterial Skin Infections

Objective: The objective of the study was to study the prevalence of various skin diseases in pediatric population. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted at private children’s outpatient clinic in Warangal from March to August 2018 with the prior approval from the Institutional Ethical Committee BIPS/IEC/2018/P8. A total of 200 patients with various skin diseases of age group <17 years were included in the study. Results: Out of 200 pediatric skin disorders, male children 138 (69%) outnumbered female children 62 (31%). The mean age of the study population was found to be 5.85±4.11 years. About 64% of the patients are from rural area and 36% are from urban. The percentage of skin disorders is allergic infections (26%), bacterial infections (23%), viral infections (11%), fungal infections (7.5%), parasitic infections (6%), autoimmune disorders (4%), and skin adnexa (2.5%). Conclusion: Our study concludes that the prevalence of allergic and bacterial skin infections was found to be common among male children from rural area

scholarly journals A study of dermatological disorders with primary psychiatric illness from South India

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 766
Author(s):  
Jeena Dixon D. ◽  
Rajesh Rajagopal
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
South India ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Dermatological Examination ◽  
Dermatological Disorders

<p><strong>Background:</strong> Dermatological disorders are frequent among patients with psychiatric illness. The interaction between skin and mind is complex. Pre-existing skin diseases may be modified in psychiatric illness due to self induced changes which may delay the diagnosis and treatment of skin diseases and result in complications. There are only few published studies about skin diseases in psychiatric patients from south India. We are undertaking this study to highlight the importance of dermatology consultation in psychiatric patients.</p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> 200 patients with primary psychiatric disorders who accepted for the study were subjected to history taking and general examination. Detailed dermatological examination was carried out by visual inspection and clinical examination.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> Out of 200 patients, 65 were diagnosed with major depressive disorder, 42 patients were with bipolar disorder, 40 with schizophrenia, 30 with obsessive compulsion disorder, 23 with anxiety disorder. 153 (76.5%) patients had dermatological findings, in which 84 (55%) had infectious disease, 35 (22.9%) had parasitic infections, 26 (17%) had fungal infections, 15 (9.8%) had bacterial infections, 8 (5.23%) had viral infections. 56 (36.6%) had non-infectious skin findings, 22 (14.4%) had acne, 15 (9.8%) had pruritis, 12 (7.84%) had eczema, 5 (3.3%) had psoriasis and 2 (1.3%) had vitiligo. 13 (8.4%) patients had psychodermatological problems, 10 (6.53%) had neurotic excoriation, 2 (1.3%) had delusion of parasitosis and 1 (0.6%) had trichotillomania.</p><p><strong>Conclusions</strong>: This study implies that there is a definite association of dermatology and psychiatry.</p>

scholarly journals The Antiviral Properties of Cyclosporine. Focus on Coronavirus, Hepatitis C Virus, Influenza Virus, and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infections

Biology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulina Glowacka ◽  
Lidia Rudnicka ◽  
Olga Warszawik-Hendzel ◽  
Mariusz Sikora ◽  
Mohamad Goldust ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Immunosuppressive Treatment ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

This review updates current knowledge regarding the risk of viral infections, including COVID-19, in patients treated with cyclosporine. We also shortly refer to bacterial infections and parasitic infestations in patients treated with cyclosporin. Cyclosporine is an immunosuppressive drug, which is widely used in medicine, including in the treatment of autoimmune skin diseases in dermatology, rheumatology, ophthalmology and nephrology, and in organ transplantation. A usual concern associated with immunosuppressive treatment is the potential risk of infections. Interestingly, several data indicate a relatively low risk of infections, especially viral infections, in patients receiving cyclosporine. It was shown that cyclosporine exerts an inhibitory effect on the replication of some viruses, or may have a potentially beneficial effect on the disease course in infections. These include hepatitis C, influenza virus, rotavirus, human immunodeficiency virus and coronavirus infections. Available data indicate that cyclosporine may have a beneficial effect on COVID-19, which is caused by the coronavirus SARS-COV2.

scholarly journals Relationship of Personal Hygiene and Environmental Conditions with Complaints of Skin Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-101
Author(s):  
Sumantri Alikhan Sains
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Natural Lighting ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Village

Based on data from the Tikep Health Center, for the last three years Waturempe Village has become the village with the highest incidence of skin diseases and accounts for almost 50% of skin diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between personal hygiene and environmental conditions in Waturempe Village. The population in this study were all heads who live in Waturempe Village as many as 120 heads of families (KK). The sample size was 92 respondents, taken by simple random sampling. The data were obtained using a questionnaire then analyzed descriptively and inferentially using the chi square test. The results showed that there was a strong relationship between personal hygiene (X²hit=39,21 2> X²tab = 3,841), moisture (X²hit=36,655 > X²tab=3,841), temperature (X²hit=45,126 > X²tab=3,841), natural lighting (X²hit=29,362> X²tab=3,841), and occupancy density (X²hit=27,273 > X²tab=3,841) with complaints of skin diseases. There was a moderate relationship between water quality and complaints of skin diseases (X²hit=19,354 > X²tab=3,841). It is expected that the community always maintains personal hygiene and improves condition of the home environment and is always aware of the transmission of skin diseases.

scholarly journals Risk Factors of HIV among Voluntary Counseling and Testing Centers Clients, Elgenina Town, West Darfur, Sudan.

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 60-70
Author(s):  
Ahmed, M. Hussein ◽  
Ahmed Mokhtar Osman Mohammed ◽  
Dawria, Adam
Keyword(s):  
Drug Users ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
P Value ◽  
Unsafe Sex ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Voluntary Counseling And Testing ◽  
Counseling And Testing ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Nonprobability Sample ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

This study was conducted in two (VCTs) at Elgenina town, the capital of West Darfur State in Sudan in period from November 2010 to February 2011, the study included all people attending VCTs in Elgeniena town for voluntary checking one hundred and fifty clients who visited the (VCT) centers and volunteered were included in this study, nonprobability sample, 150 volunteers was taken and covered all ages, One ml of blood was taken from each of the study sample and tested by rapid Immune Chromatographic (ICT) for HIV, a structured questionnaire was designed and the interviewed after a written consent to participate in the study was signed, data was analyzed using the SPSS statistical programmer and for possible association between study variables, the Chi square test was used, the study showed that 35 volunteers (23.33%) were positives, of whom 54.3% 19 were males. People having more than one sex partner were high 63.6% with statistically significant factor of getting infection (P.value = 0.00). Also, practicing unsafe sex were 5.2% another major risky (P.value = 0.00). Among the HIV positive cases 34.3% were drug users, compared to 20.9% from the HIV negatives (p. value = 0.10). There is no relation between education level and infection with HIV (p .value = 0.154). Forty two percent of the participants were single, 30% married, 10% divorced, 7.3% widows and 10.7% were separate

scholarly journals A clinical study of cutaneous manifestations in renal transplant recipients

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 160
Author(s):  
Pradeep Vittal Bhagwat ◽  
R. Rajagopal ◽  
P. S. Murthy ◽  
R. S. V. Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Renal Transplantation ◽  
Renal Transplant ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Renal Transplant Recipients ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Cutaneous Manifestations ◽  
Dermatological Examination

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Chronic renal failure is becoming common entity with increased incidence of diabetes mellitus and resulting diabetic nephropathy. With the availability of renal transplantation services in many centers, increased availability of donors, improved surgical technique and availability of better drugs, the survival of renal transplant recipients has increased. The objective of the study was to study the cutaneous manifestations in renal transplant recipients.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Fifty consenting, consecutive renal transplant recipients attending the OPD and in-patients at Command Hospital Air Force, Bangalore during July 2001 to March 2003 were included in the study. Detailed history was taken and clinical examination was carried out with special emphasis on the Dermatological examination. Relevant investigations were carried out.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> A total of 50 renal transplant recipients were studied of which 42 (84%) were males and 8 (16%) were females. The age of patients ranged from 16 years to 60 years. Infections were the most common finding, encountered in 38 (76%) patients, followed by drug induced manifestations in 24 (48%) patients. Cellulitis was noted in 1 (2%) patient, viral infections were seen in 18 (36%) patients, fungal infection was the commonest in this study, encountered in 38 (76%) patients. Monomorphic acne was seen in 13 (26%) patients. Hypertrichosis/hirsutism were the commonest drug induced manifestation in this study, seen in 16 (32%) patients.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> In patients with renal transplantation, superficial fungal infections and viral infections of the skin are seen more commonly. Monomorphic acne and hypertrichosis due to immunosuppressive are also seen frequently. These changes are moderately influenced by the immunosuppressive regimen used.</p>

Skin Infections

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan V. Hirschmann
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Tinea Pedis ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Tinea Corporis ◽  
Microsporum Canis ◽  
Plantar Surface ◽  
Fournier Gangrene ◽  
Tinea Versicolor

The skin can become infected by viruses, fungi, and bacteria, including some that ordinarily are harmless colonizing organisms. The most common fungal infections are caused by dermatophytes, which can involve the hair, nails, and skin. Potassium hydroxide (KOH) preparations of specimens from affected areas typically demonstrate hyphae, and either topical or systemic antifungal therapy usually cures or controls the process. The most common bacterial pathogens are Staphylococcus aureus and group A streptococci, which, alone or together, can cause a wide variety of disorders, including impetigo, ecthyma, and cellulitis. Topical antibiotics may suffice for impetigo, but ecthyma and cellulitis require systemic treatment. S. aureus, including methicillin-resistant strains, can also cause furuncles, carbuncles, and cutaneous abscesses. For these infections, incision and drainage without antibiotics are usually curative. Warts are the most common cutaneous viral infection, and eradication can be difficult, especially where the skin is thick, such as the palms and soles, or the patient is immunocompromised. Most therapies consist of trying to destroy the viruses by mechanical, chemical, or immune mechanisms. This review covers dermatophyte infections, yeast infections, bacterial infections, and viral infections of the skin. Figures show the classic annular lesion of tinea corporis, a typical kerion presenting as a zoophilic Microsporum canis infection of the scalp (tinea capitis), tinea corporis, tinea barbae, tinea pedis between and under the toes and on the plantar surface, inflammatory tinea pedis, tinea unguium, tinea manuum, angular cheilitis, prominent satellite lesions of discrete vesicles associated with candidiasis, facial candidiasis, Candida paronychia, tinea versicolor, nonbullous impetigo, bullous impetigo, ecthyma, leg cellulitis, erythema and edema on the cheeks, eyelids, and nose, furuncle, carbuncle, nasal folliculitis, pitted keratolysis, trichomycosis axillaris, necrotizing fasciitis, Fournier gangrene, folliculitis, plantar wart, condyloma acuminatum, and benign lesions of bowenoid papulosis. Tables list dermatophyte species, terminology of dermatophyte infections, topical agents for dermatophyte infections, treatment options for impetigo (adult doses), and treatment options for erythrasma.   This review contains 28 highly rendered figures, 5 tables, and 33 references

Crusts, scabs, and eschars

2020 ◽  
pp. 393-402
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Tinea Capitis ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Clinical Images ◽  
Pityriasis Lichenoides ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Bites And Stings ◽  
Skin Conditions

Definitions and clinical images are used in this short chapter to permit differentiation between crusts, scabs, and eschars and their likely causes. These are listed as skin infections, trauma, or skin conditions such as eczema or blistering disorders. There are brief descriptions with appropriate treatment and there is cross-referencing to other chapters. Short summaries of diseases causing eschars are provided. These include bacterial infections (e.g. ecthyma, anthrax), viral infections (e.g. cowpox, orf), fungal (e.g. Tinea capitis), and protozoal (e.g. Leishmaniasis) conditions. Also included are skin diseases such as pityriasis lichenoides, toxins/allergens (from various bites and stings), and systemic disease such as autoimmune vasculitis, haematological disorders, or tumours.

COMBINATION Antifungal THERAPY for Proven and Probable Invasive Fungal INFECTION IN HIGHLY Immunocompromised Patients.

Blood ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 114 (22) ◽  
pp. 4644-4644
Author(s):  
R. Rojas ◽  
Jr Molina ◽  
I. Jarque ◽  
C. Montes ◽  
J. Besalduch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Antifungal Therapy ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Conditioning Regimen ◽  
Remission Induction ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Severe Toxicity ◽  
Immunocompromised Patients ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test

Abstract Abstract 4644 INTRODUCTION Despite the advent of new antifungal agents, the prognosis of Invasive Fungal Infections (IFIs) in highly immunocompromised patients remains poor. The current Mycoses Study Group Infectious Diseases Society of America Guidelines do not recommend the use of combination antifungal therapy for the routine treatment of IFIs. However, the use of combination therapy has become very prevalent in treating seriously ill immunocompromised patients. The purpose of this study was to collect the clinical experience of 7 Spanish Haematology Departments in antifungal combination therapy. Thus, we retrospectively examined all antifungal combination therapies applied in patients diagnosed with proven or probable IFIs in our centers. The main goal was to determine efficacy, toxicity and mortality among combinations. PATIENTS AND METHODS We identified 52 patients (26 males and 26 females) who received antifungal combination therapy for more than a week in our institutions between October 2007 and May 2009. The mean age was 40.7 years (range: 2-73). The diagnosis of IFI was established according to the EORTC/MSG criteria. 31 patients were treated for haematological malignancies with high-dose chemotherapy for remission induction and the others 21 were undergone stem cell transplantation -9 HLA-identical sibling, 11 unrelated SCT, 1 autologous; the stem cells source was cord blood in 9 patients and 6 of the 21 receptors received reduced intensity conditioning regimen-. Underlying diseases were: 21 AML, 17 ALL, 7 MDS, 4 NHL, 1 MM, 1 CLL and 1 Biphenotypic Acute Leukemia. RESULTS 26 patients had a proven IFI -12 Invasive Lung Aspergillosis, 4 Candidemia (2 C. Krusei and 2 C. Tropicalis), 2 generalized Fusarium, 5 Mucormicosis (3 rinocerebral and 2 pulmonar), 1 generalized Scedosporium Apiospermun, 1 cerebral Cryptococcus and 1 generalized Geotrichum Capitatum- and 26 had a probable IFI (all Invasive Aspergillosis). All patients but 4 received antifungal prophylaxis, 9 with fluconazole, 18 with voriconazole, 15 with itraconazole, 2 with liposomal amphotericin B (AmB) and 2 with caspofungin. Antifungal combination therapy was: AmB + caspofungin in 17 patients; voriconazole + caspofungin in 15 patients; voriconazole + AmB in 15 patients; AmB + posaconazole in 4 patients and voriconazole + anidulafungin in 1 patient. Global mortality was 59.6% (31 patients) and mortality due to IFI was 32,6% (17 patients). The combination therapy was well tolerated and no patient had severe toxicity that leads to discontinue the antifungal treatment, although mild renal and liver toxicity were seen. 37 patients (71.1%) showed a favourable response (28 complete and 9 partial) while unfavourable response were seen in 15 patients (28.9%). When we analyzed the results among antifungal combinations, the response rate was: 82.4% in caspofungin + AmB group, 66.76% in voriconazole + caspofungin group and 60% in voriconazole + AmB group. In spite of the best response in caspofungin + AmB group there were no statistically significances compared with voriconazole + caspofungin (p=0,3, chi square test) and voriconazole + AmB ( p=0,16, chi-square test). In 83.6 % of patients response was accompanied with granulocytic recovery. CONCLUSIONS The prognosis of antifungal monotherapy for IFIs remains poor. In practice, clinicians are increasingly using antifungal combination therapy in highly immunocompromised patients although appropriate clinical trials evaluating this treatment have not been performed. Our findings show that combination therapy is well tolerated and good results are obtained with highly rates response in patients with this therapy. Future studies should be performed comparing antifungal combined therapy versus monotherapy and among different antifungal combinations. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document