scholarly journals Early Cytokine Profile Changes In Interstitial And Necrotic Forms Of Acute Pancreatitis

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irena Kostic ◽  
Marko Spasic ◽  
Bojan Stojanovic ◽  
Milena Jurisevic ◽  
Dragce Radovanovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Tnf Alpha ◽  
Immune Stimulation ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Lethal Outcome ◽  
The Third ◽  
Profile Changes ◽  
Necrosis Factor

ABSTRACTAcute pancreatitis (AP) is a common, potentially lethal, acute inflammatory process with a highly variable clinical course. The aim of this study was to analyse early changes in the serum concentrations of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the peripheral blood of patients with the interstitial form of acute pancreatitis (IAP) and necrotic acute pancreatitis (NAP), especially in those patients who had lethal outcomes.The prospective study enrolled 52 patients who were divided into IAP (65.38% of patients) and NAP (34.62% of patients) groups. The serum levels of interleukins (IL) 6, 8 and 10, together with tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha were measured on the 1st and 3rd day of hospitalisation. Significantly higher values of IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10 were found on day 1 and 3 in NAP than in IAP. IL-6 was significantly higher on both days of measurement, whereas IL-10 on the first day and IL-8 on the third day were significantly higher in the group of patients who did not survive in comparison with patients who had the interstitial form of AP.In conclusion, the data from this study showed that immune suppression and excessive immune stimulation in the first three days after admission could indicate the development of NAP and a potentially lethal outcome.

scholarly journals Do the Changes in the Serum Levels of IL-2, IL-4, TNFα, and IL-6 Reflect the Inflammatory Activity in the Patients with Post-ERCP Pancreatitis?

2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guldem Kilciler ◽  
Ugur Musabak ◽  
Sait Bagci ◽  
Zeki Yesilova ◽  
Ahmet Tuzun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Major Complication ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Endoscopic Retrograde ◽  
Therapeutic Ercp ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Background. Acute pancreatitis is the major complication of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) procedure and there are some reports showing cytokine changes in ERCP-induced pancreatits.Goals. To investigate the association between early changes (within 24 hours) in the serum interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α, and IL-6 levels and the development of post-ERCP pancreatitis.Study. Forty five consecutive patients who underwent therapeutic ERCP and 10 patients with acute pancreatitis without ERCP were enrolled to the study. Serum concentrations of IL-2, IL-4, TNFα, and IL-6 were determined immediately before, 12 hours and 24 hours after ERCP.Results. Seven of the 45 patients (15.5%) developed post-ERCP pancreatitis. The levels of IL-4 at 24 hours after ERCP were significantly lower in the patients with post-ERCP pancreatitis than in those without pancreatitis, while TNFαlevels at 12 hours after ERCP were higher in the complicated group than those of the uncomplicated group. The ratios of TNFα/IL-4 at 12 and 24 hours after ERCP were found significantly higher in the patients with post-ERCP pancreatitis than in those without pancreatitis. IL-6 in the complicated patients was found significantly increased at 24 hours after ERCP.Conclusions. The enhancement of serum TNFαand IL-6 levels in the patients with ERCP-induced pancreatitis reflects the inflammatory activity. Additionally, these cytokines together with IL-4 can be used in clinical laboratory monitoring of ERCP.

Gastro-intestinal polypeptides in patients treated for medullary carcinoma of the thyroid

1984 ◽  
Vol 106 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bente Rasmusson
Keyword(s):  
Serum Gastrin ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Medullary Carcinoma ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Serum Calcitonin ◽  
Basal Serum ◽  
Previously Treated

Abstract. In 12 patients treated 2 to 58 months previously for medullary carcinoma of the thyroid, basal serum concentrations of calcitonin, gastrin, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, glucagon, insulin, and pancreatic polypeptide were measured in search of any correlation between these and the clinical course of the disease. All patients had elevated serum calcitonin levels indicating present disease. One patient had increased serum concentrations of several hormones. Another had achlorhydria and high serum gastrin levels. No relationship between calcitonin and gastro-intestinal polypeptides was found in 11 patients. No correlations were found between serum levels of polypeptides and the occurrence of diarrhoea in 5 patients. It is concluded that gastro-intestinal polypeptides, which are produced by other apudomas, are not secreted in more than normal concentrations under basal conditions, by the majority of patients previously treated for medullary carcinoma of the thyroid.

Serum Osteopontin as a Predictive Marker of Responsiveness to Methotrexate in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (10) ◽  
pp. 2308-2313 ◽  
Author(s):  
LAURA MASI ◽  
LAURA RICCI ◽  
FRANCESCO ZULIAN ◽  
FRANCESCA DEL MONTE ◽  
GABRIELE SIMONINI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Predictive Marker ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Antiinflammatory Drugs ◽  
Etanercept Treatment ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Objective.To evaluate if serum concentrations of osteopontin (OPN) at baseline in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) represent a potential predictor of responsiveness to methotrexate (MTX).Methods.At diagnosis, 60 children with active JIA received MTX in addition to nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. After 12 months of MTX treatment, 30 patients were defined as responders; the 30 nonresponders received anti-tumor necrosis factor-α therapy (etanercept) in addition to MTX; this group was then enrolled for an additional 12-month study period. No patient had received steroids within 6 weeks before entering the study. Fifty healthy children matched for sex and age acted as controls. OPN serum levels were measured at baseline, before MTX, and then at 6 and 12 months. In the nonresponder patients, OPN was evaluated again after 6 and 12 months of etanercept treatment.Results.At baseline, OPN values were significantly higher (p = 0.0003) in JIA patients than in controls, with no significant differences among the different JIA subtypes. At baseline, OPN levels were lower in responders than in nonresponder patients (14.16 ± 10.1 μg/ml vs 33.2 ± 18.1 μg/ml, respectively). After 12 months of MTX treatment, OPN levels were significantly reduced in comparison to baseline in both responder and nonresponder groups (p = 0.0017, p = 0.0048, respectively). In nonresponders, etanercept significantly reduced OPN levels at 6 and 12-month followup in comparison to baseline (p = 0.002, p = 0.008, respectively). No significant differences were found among OPN levels and disease activity.Conclusion.Serum levels of OPN at baseline represent a possible marker to predict the responsiveness to MTX in patients with JIA.

scholarly journals Comparative study of the therapeutic potential of octreotide versus trimetazidine and their combination on acute pancreatitis in male rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Combination Group ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Objective Acute pancreatitis continues to be associated with significant rates of mortality and morbidity, and therapeutic options are stillvery limited. Various theories have been suggested regarding the pathophysiology of acute pancreatitis, lot of research into differentmedical treatments for the treatment of acute pancreatitis, but it is not clear what benefits each treatment has, or indeed if any medicaltreatment is beneficial apart from supportive treatment.Aim To clarify the potential therapeutic effect of octreotide, trimetazidine, and their combination in acute pancreatitis.Methods Acute pancreatitis was induced by L-arginine and treated with octreotide subcutaneously, trimetazidine intraperitoneally andcombination therapy by octreotide and trimetazidine. The rats were followed for 24 h. At the 24th hour we determined serum levels oftumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), lipase, and amylase, and the pancreatic tissues wereanalyzed histopathologically.Results TNF-α (P < 0.001), IL-1β (P < 0.001), TAC (P < 0.001), lipase (P < 0.001), and amylase (P < 0.001) serum levels and scores ofhistopathological changes (P < 0.05) were significantly lower in combination group as compared with both octreotide and trimetazidinegroups.Conclusion Combination treatment markedly decreases biochemical and histopathological changes in acute pancreatitis, thus amelioratepancreatic injury in l-arginine induced acute pancreatitis.

scholarly journals Is there a therapeutic window for pentoxifylline after the onset of acute pancreatitis?

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 487-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Maria Mendonça Coelho ◽  
Tiago Alexandre Kunitake ◽  
Marcel Cerqueira Cesar Machado ◽  
Joilson Oliveira Martins ◽  
Rosely Antunes Patzina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Therapeutic Window ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Myeloperoxidase Activity ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Necrosis Factor

PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of pentoxifylline (PTX) in experimental acute pancreatitis (AP) starting drug administration after the induction of the disease. METHODS: One hundred male Wistar rats were submitted to taurocholate-induced AP and divided into three groups: Group Sham: sham-operated rats, Group Saline: AP plus saline solution, and Group PTX: AP plus PTX. Saline solution and PTX were administered 1 hour after induction of AP. At 3 hours after AP induction, peritoneal levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and serum levels of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10 levels were assayed by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Determinations of lung myeloperoxidase activity (MPO), histological analysis of lung and pancreas, and mortality study were performed. RESULTS: PTX administration 1 hour after induction of AP caused a significant decrease in peritoneal levels of TNF-α and in serum levels of IL-6 and IL-10 when compared to the saline group. There were no differences in lung MPO activity between the two groups with AP. A decrease in mortality was observed in the PTX treatment compared to the saline group. CONCLUSIONS: Administration of PTX after the onset of AP decreased the systemic levels of proinflammatory cytokines, raising the possibility that there is an early therapeutic window for PTX after the initiation of AP.

scholarly journals Therapeutic levetiracetam monitoring during pregnancy: “mind the gap”

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 204062231985165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya Berlin ◽  
Dana Barchel ◽  
Revital Gandelman-Marton ◽  
Nurit Brandriss ◽  
Ilan Blatt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reference Range ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
The Third ◽  
Antiepileptic Medication ◽  
Apparent Clearance ◽  
Neurological Conditions

Background: Epilepsy is one of the most common chronic neurological conditions and its treatment during pregnancy is challenging. Levetiracetam (LEV) is an antiepileptic medication frequently used during pregnancy. Only a few small studies have been published on LEV monitoring during pregnancy, demonstrating decreased serum LEV levels during the first and second trimester; however, the most significant decrease was observed during the third trimester of pregnancy. In this study we aimed to evaluate LEV pharmacokinetics during different stages of pregnancy. Methods: We followed up and monitored serum levels of pregnant women treated with LEV for epilepsy. Results: Fifty-nine women with 66 pregnancies during the study period were included. The lowest raw LEV serum concentrations were observed during the first trimester. Compared with the pre-pregnancy period, raw serum concentration was lower by 5.76 mg/L [95% confidence interval (CI) (2.78, 8.75), p = 0.039] during the first trimester. Comparing the decrease in the first trimester with either the second or the third, no significant changes were observed ( p = 0.945, p = 0.866). Compared with pre-pregnancy measurements, apparent clearance was increased by 71.08 L/day [95%CI (16.34, 125.83), p = 0.011] during the first trimester. About 30% of LEV serum levels during pregnancy were below the laboratory quoted reference range. Conclusions: Raw LEV serum levels tend to decrease during pregnancy, mainly during the first trimester contrary to previous reports. Monitoring of LEV serum levels is essential upon planning pregnancy and thereafter if pre-pregnancy LEV levels are to be maintained. However, more studies are needed to assess the correlation with clinical outcome.

scholarly journals Tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and their soluble receptors (sTNF-α-Rp55 and slL-6R) serum levels in systemic lupus erythematodes

1996 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 435-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Robak ◽  
A. Sysa-Jędrzejowska ◽  
T. Robak ◽  
H. Stępień ◽  
A. Woźniacka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumour Necrosis ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Tumour Necrosis Factor Α ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Soluble Receptors ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
Necrosis Factor

We investigated a possible association between serum concentrations of tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and their soluble receptors (sTNF-α-Rp55 and sIL-6R) using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 55 patients with systemic lupus erythematodes (SLE) and 16 healthy controls. We also examined a possible association between the serum levels of these peptides and SLE activity, as well as TNF-α and IL-6 concentrations and the levels of their soluble receptors. The median concentrations of TNF-α, sTNF-α-Rp55 and IL-6 were significantly higher in SLE patients than in normal individuals. In contrast, there was no difference between the serum level of sIL-6R in both groups. We found positive correlations between the serum concentrations of TNF-α and IL-6 as well as their soluble receptors and disease activity. There were also correlations between TNF-α and sTNF-α-Rp55 as well as IL-6 and sIL-6R serum levels in SLE patients but there were no such correlations in the normal control group. In conclusion, an increase in the serum levels of TNF-α, sTNF-α-Rp55 and IL-6 may become useful markers for SLE activity. Patients with SLE have sIL-6R serum concentration similar to that as in normal individuals. However, it correlates with disease activity and the level of IL-6.

scholarly journals TNF-α as a Therapeutic Target in Acute Pancreatitis — Lessons from Experimental Models

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 431-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Malleo ◽  
Emanuela Mazzon ◽  
Ajith K. Siriwardena ◽  
Salvatore Cuzzocrea
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Considerable Body ◽  
Necrosis Factor

A considerable body of experimental evidence suggests that tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α plays a major role in several aspects of inflammation and shock. In particular, it is pivotal in many detrimental effects of acute pancreatitis, and it represents a major determinant of the systemic progression and end-organ damage (such as acute lung injury and liver failure) of this pathologic condition. Given the importance of TNF-α in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis, investigators have regarded blocking the action of this mediator as an attractive treatment option. Different specific and nonspecific inhibitors have been developed with promising results in animal models, but, on the other hand, no clinical trials have been designed so far. Difficulties in clinical applications may be multifactorial; experimental models are not fully reliable and reproduce at least some aspects of human disease, timing of intervention should be related to changes in TNF-α serum levels, and inclusion criteria should be accurately selected to better define the population most likely to benefit.

scholarly journals Potential anti-inflammatory activity of low molecular weight heparin in patients with exacerbations of COPD – short report

2014 ◽  
Vol 124 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barabara Rybacka-Chabros ◽  
Aldona Pietrzak ◽  
Paweł Chabros ◽  
Janusz Milanowski
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Tnf Alpha ◽  
Interleukin 12 ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Daily Dose ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Necrosis Factor

AbstractIntroduction. Anti-inflammatory, separate from anti-thrombotic activity of low molecular weight heparin, is still not well documented. Aim. We estimated the influence of enoxaparin on serum levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha, as the pro-inflammatory cytokine, and interleukin-12, as the heparin-binding, anti-inflammatory cytokine, in patients with exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Material and methods. Seventy-three consecutive patients (48 males, 25 females) aged 56-75 years without thromboembolic history, were enrolled into the study. They were randomized to group who received enoxaparin in one daily dose 40 mg, or to group who did not receive it. Patients receiving oral anti-coagulants were excluded from the study. Using ELISA approach, we evaluated serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-12 at the following periods: before the first dose of enoxaparin, after 7 days of treatment and 14 days of treatment. Serum level of the C-reactive protein was evaluated simultaneously. Results. In enoxaparin recipients statistically significant (p<0.01) decreasing of TNF-alpha serum levels (from 168.33 pg/ml in admission, to 85.67 pg/ml in the end of study) to compare enoxaparine non-recipients, was observed. Interleukin-12 serum levels were significantly higher in enoxaparine recipients both after 7 days (67.46 pg/ml) and 14 days (89.32 pg/ml) of the study (p<0.05). C-reactive proteins serum levels were significantly higher in enoxaparine non-recipients than recipients (p<0.05) in all study period. Conclusions. Enoxaparin in daily dose 40 mg, significantly depressed serum levels of TNF-alpha and promote serum levels of interleukin-12. Enoxaparin administration may be beneficial for the patients with COPD exacerbation during the first 14 days of treatment

scholarly journals Beneficial effects of Spirogyra Neglecta Extract on antioxidant and anti-inflammatory factors in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Behzad Mesbahzadeh ◽  
Seyed Ali Rajaei ◽  
Parnia Tarahomi ◽  
Seyed Ali Seyedinia ◽  
Mehrnoush Rahmani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Tnf Alpha ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha

Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of oral supplementation of Spirogyra algae on oxidative damages and inflammatory responses in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Methods: Diabetes was induced by administration of 55 mg/kg of streptozotocin. A total of sixty-four rats were divided into eight groups of eight rats each as follows:1) non-diabetic control; 2, 3, and 4) non-diabetic rats treated with 15, 30, and 45 mg of Spirogyra algae/kg/d; 5) control diabetic; and 6, 7, and 8) diabetic rats treated with 15, 30, and 45 mg of Spirogyra algae extract. At the end of the trial, the serum concentrations of glucose, interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), total antioxidant status (TAS), C-reactive protein (CRP), insulin, triglycerides, and cholesterol were examined by specified procedures. Results: Our findings indicated that the administration of STZ significantly increased the serum concentrations of glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, CRP, IL-6, TNF-alpha), and MDA and decreased the serum levels of GSH and TAS (P<0.05) in diabetic rats. Oral administration of Spirogyra alleviated adverse effects of diabetes on oxidative stress and inflammatory factors in diabetic rats (P<0.05). Conclusion: It can be stated that Spirogyra algae extract can be used for treatment of diabetes likely due to prevention of oxidative stress and alleviation of inflammation in the rat model.

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