Infections Caused By Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus European Clone (ST80) In Slovenia Between 2006 And 2013

Abstract Introduction According to the existing literature, a heterogeneous sequence type (ST) or clones of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) circulate in Europe. In Europe, the European clone that belongs to sequence type ST80 is predominant. Methods The aim of the study was to investigate the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics and epidemiological data of CA-MRSA ST80 and its occurrence in Slovenia. We retrospectively analyzed those CA-MRSA isolates that were isolated during microbiological procedures in microbiological laboratories between 2006 and 2013. Only CA-MRSA isolates from the national collection of CA-MRSA strains that belonged to ST80 (European clone) were analyzed. We determined the Pantone-Valentine leukocidin (PVL), mec A genes, exfoliative toxin genes and type of staphylococcal cassette chromosome (SCCmec) by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). We determined also spa type and sequence type. Results ST80 was confirmed in only 2 (0.5%) out of 385 CA-MRSA isolates, collected in a national collection of CAMRSA. Both isolates were positive for the PVL genes, mec A gene, exfoliative toxin type D gene and SCCmec IV. One CA-MRSA isolate was confirmed in a wound swab taken from a 47-year-old male, and the second was isolated from blood cultures of a 69-year-old female. No epidemiological connections between them were found. Conclusions In Slovenia CA-MRSA infections caused by ST80 are rare. In the future, it is necessary that a surveillance study of CA-MRSA at the national level continues and CA-MRSA be considered as a public health threat.

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Characterization and Proposed Nomenclature of Epidemic Strains of MRSA in Canada

Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1155/1999/769601 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 333-336 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

AE Simor ◽

D Boyd ◽

L Louie ◽

A McGeer ◽

M Mulvey ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Methicillin Resistant ◽

The Past ◽

Geographic Regions ◽

Mrsa Strains ◽

Genotypic Characteristics

The incidence of methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) has been increasing in many Canadian hospitals over the past few years. Some strains may be considered ‘epidemic’, in that they are clinically or epidemiologically significant, and have been identified in patients from multiple hospitals and geographic regions across the country. This paper describes phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of four epidemic MRSA strains in Canada and proposes standardized nomenclature.

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Novel Characteristics of Community-Acquired Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strains Belonging to Multilocus Sequence Type 59 in Taiwan

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.01001-07 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 52 (3) ◽

pp. 837-845 ◽

Cited By ~ 109

Author(s):

Tomomi Takano ◽

Wataru Higuchi ◽

Taketo Otsuka ◽

Tatiana Baranovich ◽

Shymaa Enany ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Gene Sequence ◽

Tetracycline Resistance ◽

Sequence Type ◽

Molecular Characteristics ◽

Genetic Characteristics ◽

Methicillin Resistant ◽

Mrsa Strains ◽

Type V

ABSTRACTCommunity-acquired methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(CA-MRSA) strains, which often produce Panton-Valentine leucocidin (PVL), are increasingly noted worldwide. In this study, we examined 42 MRSA strains (25 PVL-positive [PVL+] strains and 17 PVL-negative [PVL−] strains) isolated in Taiwan for their molecular characteristics. The PVL+MRSA strains included CA-MRSA strains with multilocus sequence type (ST) 59 (major PVL+MRSA in Taiwan), its variants, and worldwide CA-MRSA ST30 strains. The PVL−MRSA strains included the pandemic Hungarian MRSA ST239 strain, the Hungarian MRSA ST239 variant, MRSA ST59 (largely hospital-acquired MRSA strains) and its variants, the pandemic New York/Japan MRSA ST5 strain (Japanese type), and the MRSA ST8 strain. The major PVL+CA-MRSA ST59 strain possessed a tetracycline resistance-conferring (tetKpositive) penicillinase plasmid and a drug resistance gene cluster (a possible composite transposon) for multidrug resistance. Moreover, it carried a novel staphylococcal cassette chromosomemec(SCCmec) with two distinctccrCgenes (ccrC2-C8). This SCCmec(previously named SCCmectype VT) was tentatively designated SCCmectype VII. Sequencing of the PVL genes revealed the polymorphisms, and the PVL+CA-MRSA ST59 strain possessed the ST59-specific PVL gene sequence. The data suggest that a significant amount of clonal spread is occurring in Taiwan and that the major PVL+CA-MRSA ST59Taiwanstrain exhibits unique genetic characteristics, such as a novel SCCmectype and an ST59-specific PVL gene sequence.

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Detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus carrying the mecC gene in human samples in Slovenia

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s0950268814001861 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 143 (5) ◽

pp. 1105-1108 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

U. DERMOTA ◽

I. ZDOVC ◽

I. STRUMBELJ ◽

I. GRMEK-KOSNIK ◽

H. RIBIC ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Sequence Type ◽

Methicillin Resistant ◽

Northeastern Region ◽

Human Samples ◽

Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations ◽

Mrsa Strains

SUMMARYFollowing the recognition of a mecC MRSA isolate from a patient hospitalized in the northeastern region of Slovenia, a national collection of 395 community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) isolates from 2006 to 2013 was screened. An additional six mecC MRSA strains were found and characterized as spa types t843, t9397 and t10009, and multilocus sequence type ST130. The low oxacillin minimum inhibitory concentrations and absence of the mecA gene make recognition of these MRSA strains problematical for diagnostic laboratories. In such strains the presence of mecC should be determined.

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Extensive Genetic Diversity Identified among Sporadic Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates Recovered in Irish Hospitals between 2000 and 2012

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.02653-13 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 58 (4) ◽

pp. 1907-1917 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Peter M. Kinnevey ◽

Anna C. Shore ◽

Grainne I. Brennan ◽

Derek J. Sullivan ◽

Ralf Ehricht ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Sequence Type ◽

Methicillin Resistant ◽

Content Type ◽

Type Assignment ◽

Antimicrobial Resistance Genes ◽

Microarray Profiling ◽

Mrsa Strains ◽

Ongoing Surveillance

ABSTRACTClonal replacement of predominant nosocomial methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) strains has occurred several times in Ireland during the last 4 decades. However, little is known about sporadically occurring MRSA in Irish hospitals or in other countries. Eighty-eight representativepvl-negative sporadic MRSA isolates recovered in Irish hospitals between 2000 and 2012 were investigated. These yielded unusual pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and antibiogram-resistogram typing patterns distinct from those of the predominant nosocomial MRSA clone, ST22-MRSA-IV, during the study period. Isolates were characterized byspatyping and DNA microarray profiling for multilocus sequence type (MLST) clonal complex (CC) and/or sequence type (ST) and SCCmectype assignment, as well as for detection of virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes. Conventional PCR-based SCCmecsubtyping was undertaken when necessary. Extensive diversity was detected, including 38spatypes, 13 MLST-CCs (including 18 STs among 62 isolates assigned to STs), and 25 SCCmectypes (including 2 possible novel SCCmecelements and 7 possible novel SCCmecsubtypes). Fifty-four MLST-spa-SCCmectype combinations were identified. Overall, 68.5% of isolates were assigned to nosocomial lineages, with ST8-t190-MRSA-IID/IIE ± SCCM1predominating (17.4%), followed by CC779/ST779-t878-MRSA-ψSCCmec-SCC-SCCCRISPR(7.6%) and CC22/ST22-t032-MRSA-IVh (5.4%). Community-associated clones, including CC1-t127/t386/t2279-MRSA-IV, CC59-t216-MRSA-V, CC8-t008-MRSA-IVa, and CC5-t002/t242-MRSA-IV/V, and putative animal-associated clones, including CC130-t12399-MRSA-XI, ST8-t064-MRSA-IVa, ST398-t011-MRSA-IVa, and CC6-t701-MRSA-V, were also identified. In total, 53.3% and 47.8% of isolates harbored genes for resistance to two or more classes of antimicrobial agents and two or more mobile genetic element-encoded virulence-associated factors, respectively. Effective ongoing surveillance of sporadic nosocomial MRSA is warranted for early detection of emerging clones and reservoirs of virulence, resistance, and SCCmecgenes.

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Complete Genome Sequences of Canadian Epidemic Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strains CMRSA3 and CMRSA6

Microbiology Resource Announcements ◽

10.1128/mra.00892-18 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Jo-Ann McClure ◽

Steven M. Shideler ◽

Kunyan Zhang

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Clonal Complex ◽

Virulent Strain ◽

Sequence Type ◽

Genome Sequences ◽

Methicillin Resistant ◽

Content Type ◽

Mrsa Strains ◽

Highly Virulent

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) clonal complex 8 (CC8) sequence type 239 (ST239) represents a predominant hospital-associated MRSA sublineage present worldwide. The Canadian epidemic MRSA strains CMRSA3 and CMRSA6 are moderately virulent members of this group but are closely related to the highly virulent strain TW20.

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Genetic Diversity of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Among Japanese Inpatients in the Early 1980s

10.21203/rs.3.rs-46010/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Hui Zuo ◽

Yuki Uehara ◽

Yujie Lu ◽

Takashi Sasaki ◽

Keiichi Hiramatsu

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Population Structure ◽

Methicillin Resistance ◽

The United States ◽

Type I ◽

Methicillin Resistant ◽

Global Pandemic ◽

Mrsa Strains ◽

Healthcare Associated ◽

Genotypic Characteristics

Abstract Background: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was recognized as a serious nosocomial pathogen in Japan starting in the early 1980s. Limited genotypic characteristics on healthcare-associated MRSA (HA-MRSA) associated with “hospital MRSA panics” in Japan in this era. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the characteristics of Japanese HA-MRSA strains in the early 1980s and their linkage with current MRSA strains.Methods: For 194 S. aureus strains isolated in the early 1980s, we determined methicillin resistance phenotypically and genotypically and performed multilocus sequence typing (MLST), staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) typing, and whole-genome sequencing. Results: Twenty mecA-positive MRSA (10.3%), 8 mecA-negative MRSA (4.1%) and 3 mecA-positive methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) (1.5%) strains were identified. The frequent sequence type (ST) was ST30 (n=11), followed by ST5 (n=8), ST81 (n=4), and ST247 (n=3). Rates of SCCmec types I, II, and IV were 65.2%, 13.0%, and 17.4%, respectively. ST30-SCCmec I (n=7) and ST5-SCCmec I (n=5) were predominant genotypes. Only two strains exhibited tst-positive ST5-SCCmec II, which is the current Japanese HA-MRSA genotype. Moreover, 73.3% of SCCmec type I strains were susceptible to imipenem compared with SCCmec type II strains (0%). All ST30 strains shared a common ancestor with strain 55/2053, which resulted in a global pandemic of Panto-Valentine leukocidin (PVL)-positive and penicillin-resistant MSSA spread in Europe and the United States in the 1950s. Conclusions: Our results demonstrated the heterogeneous population structure of Japanese HA-MRSA during the early 1980s, which comprised diverse clones that are mostly rare in recent years. The shift to the current homogenous population structure of HA-MRSA strains consisting of tst-positive ST5-SCCmec II might result from the clinical introduction of new antimicrobials including imipenem.

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Draft Genome Sequence of a Sequence Type 398 Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolate from a Danish Dairy Cow with Mastitis

Genome Announcements ◽

10.1128/genomea.00492-17 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (23) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Troels Ronco ◽

Marc Stegger ◽

Karl Pedersen

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Genome Sequence ◽

Dairy Cow ◽

Draft Genome ◽

Sequence Type ◽

Draft Genome Sequence ◽

Methicillin Resistant ◽

Content Type ◽

Mrsa Strains ◽

Danish Dairy

ABSTRACT Livestock-associated (LA) methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains of sequence type 398 (ST398) colonize both humans and various livestock species. In 2016, an ST398 LA-MRSA isolate (Sa52) was collected from a Danish dairy cow with mastitis, and here, we report the draft genome sequence of strain Sa52.

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Multicenter Evaluation of Epidemiological Typing of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strains by Repetitive-Element PCR Analysis

Journal of Clinical Microbiology ◽

10.1128/jcm.38.10.3527-3533.2000 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 38 (10) ◽

pp. 3527-3533 ◽

Cited By ~ 53

Author(s):

Ariane Deplano ◽

Annette Schuermans ◽

Johan Van Eldere ◽

Wolfgang Witte ◽

Hèléne Meugnier ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Epidemiological Data ◽

Pfge Type ◽

Pcr Analysis ◽

Pfge Analysis ◽

Epidemiological Typing ◽

Typing Method ◽

Methicillin Resistant ◽

Mrsa Strains ◽

Interlaboratory Reproducibility

Rapid and efficient epidemiologic typing systems would be useful to monitor transmission of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) at both local and interregional levels. To evaluate the intralaboratory performance and interlaboratory reproducibility of three recently developed repeat-element PCR (rep-PCR) methods for the typing of MRSA, 50 MRSA strains characterized by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) (SmaI) analysis and epidemiological data were blindly typed by inter-IS256, 16S-23S ribosomal DNA (rDNA), and MP3 PCR in 12 laboratories in eight countries using standard reagents and protocols. Performance of typing was defined by reproducibility (R), discriminatory power (D), and agreement with PFGE analysis. Interlaboratory reproducibility of pattern and type classification was assessed visually and using gel analysis software. Each typing method showed a different performance level in each center. In the center performing best with each method, inter-IS256 PCR typing achieved R = 100% and D = 100%; 16S-23S rDNA PCR, R = 100% and D = 82%; and MP3 PCR, R = 80% and D = 83%. Concordance between rep-PCR type and PFGE type ranged by center: 70 to 90% for inter-IS256PCR, 44 to 57% for 16S-23S rDNA PCR, and 53 to 54% for MP3 PCR analysis. In conclusion, the performance of inter-IS256 PCR typing was similar to that of PFGE analysis in some but not all centers, whereas other rep-PCR protocols showed lower discrimination and intralaboratory reproducibility. None of these assays, however, was sufficiently reproducible for interlaboratory exchange of data.

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Molecular Characteristics and In Vitro Susceptibility to Antimicrobial Agents, Including the Des-Fluoro(6) Quinolone DX-619, of Panton-Valentine Leucocidin-Positive Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from the Community and Hospitals

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.00847-06 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 50 (12) ◽

pp. 4077-4086 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Tatsuo Yamamoto ◽

Soshi Dohmae ◽

Kohei Saito ◽

Taketo Otsuka ◽

Tomomi Takano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Sequence Type ◽

Molecular Characteristics ◽

Staphylococcal Protein A ◽

In Vitro Susceptibility ◽

Genetic Traits ◽

Methicillin Resistant ◽

Single Locus Variant ◽

Mrsa Strains

ABSTRACTHighly virulent, community-acquired methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) strains with Panton-Valentine leucocidin (PVL) genes have been found increasingly worldwide. Among a total of 2,101 MRSA strains isolated from patients in hospitals in Japan, two were positive for PVL genes. One strain was identified as a community-acquired MRSA strain with genotype sequence type 30 (ST30) andspa(staphylococcal protein A gene) type 19 from Japan and was resistant only to β-lactam antimicrobial agents. The other strain was closely related to PVL+multidrug-resistant, hospital-acquired MRSA strains (ST30,spatype 43) derived from nosocomial outbreaks in the 1980s to 1990s in Japan but with a divergent sequence type, ST765 (a single-locus variant of ST30). Twenty-two PVL+MRSA strains, including those from Japan and those from other countries with various sequence types (ST1, ST8, ST30, ST59, and ST80) and genotypes, were examined for susceptibility to 31 antimicrobial agents. Among the agents, DX-619, a des-fluoro(6) quinolone, showed the greatest activity, followed by rifampin and sitafloxacin, a fluoroquinolone. The data suggest that DX-619 exhibits a superior activity against PVL+MRSA strains with various virulence genetic traits from the community as well as from hospitals.

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Antibiotic Resistance, spa Typing and Clonal Analysis of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Isolates from Blood of Patients Hospitalized in the Czech Republic

Antibiotics ◽

10.3390/antibiotics10040395 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 395

Author(s):

Katarina Pomorska ◽

Vladislav Jakubu ◽

Lucia Malisova ◽

Marta Fridrichova ◽

Martin Musilek ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Czech Republic ◽

Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Bloodstream Infections ◽

Spa Typing ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Methicillin Resistant ◽

Mrsa Strains ◽

Spa Types ◽

Repeat Pattern

Staphylococcus aureus is one of the major causes of bloodstream infections. The aim of our study was to characterize methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates from blood of patients hospitalized in the Czech Republic between 2016 and 2018. All MRSA strains were tested for antibiotic susceptibility, analyzed by spa typing and clustered using a Based Upon Repeat Pattern (BURP) algorithm. The representative isolates of the four most common spa types and representative isolates of all spa clonal complexes were further typed by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) typing. The majority of MRSA strains were resistant to ciprofloxacin (94%), erythromycin (95.5%) and clindamycin (95.6%). Among the 618 strains analyzed, 52 different spa types were detected. BURP analysis divided them into six different clusters. The most common spa types were t003, t586, t014 and t002, all belonging to the CC5 (clonal complex). CC5 was the most abundant MLST CC of our study, comprising of 91.7% (n = 565) of spa-typeable isolates. Other CCs present in our study were CC398, CC22, CC8, CC45 and CC97. To our knowledge, this is the biggest nationwide study aimed at typing MRSA blood isolates from the Czech Republic.

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