Chemical Composition of the Secretion from the Anal Sacs of Civettictis civetta (Schreber, 1776)

1983 ◽  
Vol 38 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 497-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jürgen Jacob ◽  
Harald Schliemann
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Functional Significance ◽  
Volatile Components ◽  
Cholesterol Esters ◽  
Anal Sac Secretion ◽  
Anal Sac ◽  
Chain Lengths ◽  
Anal Sacs

The chemical composition of the secretion from the anal sacs of a female of Civettictis civetta is analysed using gas- liquid chromatographical and mass spectrometrical tech­niques. The secretion mainly consists of cholesterol esters, monoester waxes, cholesterol, and free fatty acids of chain lengths not under C12; highly volatile components were not traceable. The functional significance of the anal sac secretion is discussed. `

The Anal Sac Secretion of Viverrids from the Genus Genetta

1986 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jürgen Jacob ◽  
Harald Schliemann
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Anal Sac Secretion ◽  
Anal Sac ◽  
Anal Sacs

The chemical composition of the secretions from the anal sacs of three species from the genus Genetta has been analysed by means of gas-liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. The main constituents of the secretion are free fatty acids, hydrocarbons, mono- and diester waxes, triglycerides, alkane diols, and free alcohols. Composition of the secretion in the three species is fundamentally similar, but there are some remarkable quantitative differences of the components m entioned. Some of the alkane-1,2-diols in these secretions have never been found before in nature.

The Chemical Composition of Cuticular Lipids from Dragonflies (Odonata)

1979 ◽  
Vol 34 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 498-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jürgen Jacob ◽  
Hans-Peter Hanssen
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Cuticular Lipids ◽  
Insect Order ◽  
Chain Lengths ◽  
Fatty Acids And Alcohols

The cuticular lipids of 4 species (Aeschna grandis, A. mixta, Sympetrum sanguineum, S. danae) of the insect order Odonata (dragonflies) have been analysed. Alkanes, triglycerides, and free fatty acids predominate and minor amounts of monoester waxes have been detected. Among the hy­drocarbons unbranched odd-numbered (56 - 66%) predominate, followed by monometnyl-alkanes with the branch in the middle of molecule (11 - 19%), 3-methylalkanes (7 - 15%), and 2-me­thyl-alkanes (1 - 13%). Moreover, alkanes (1 - 12%) were detected. The composition of triglyceri­des and free fatty acids were very similar with 14 : 0, 16 : 0, 18 : 0, 16 : 1. 18 : 1 and 18 : 2 being main constituents. Ester waxes were composed of unbranched and predominantly even-numbered fatty acids and alcohols with chain lengths C14- C30. The results are discussed from a chemotaxonomic viewpoint. Similarities of the integumental lipjids from Odonata and Plecoptera were found.

Development of an Assay to Determine the Amount of Ca-Fatty Acid Soaps in Feces

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natascha Stroebinger ◽  
Shane M Rutherfurd ◽  
Sharon J Henare ◽  
Paul J Moughan
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Degree Of Saturation ◽  
Acid Soap ◽  
Fatty Acid Salts ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Chain Lengths ◽  
Acid Salts

Abstract Background The quantification of fecal Ca-fatty acid soaps is important to understand how fatty acids behave in the gastrointestinal tract. Objective As current methods to extract Ca-fatty acid soaps from feces give low recoveries an accurate assay to determine the amount of fatty acid soaps in feces was developed. Method Ca-fatty acid soaps are determined indirectly after non-soap fatty acid compounds have been extracted from the feces. Synthetic Ca-fatty acid soaps of different chain lengths (C12–C18) and degree of saturation (C18:0–C18:2) were incubated with several solvents to find the solvents that least-solubilize the Ca-fatty acid soaps. A three-step extraction was devised using extractions with hexane, hexane-isopropanol and water either at room temperature or at 60°C, 37°C, or 80°C, respectively. Feces were spiked with free fatty acids, Ca-fatty acid soaps, Na-fatty acid salts, and phospholipids. Results All of the free fatty acids and phospholipids and almost all of the Na-fatty acid salts were removed and 98% of Ca-lauric acid soap, 99% of Ca-stearic acid soap, and 93% of oleic acid soap were recovered. Conclusions The method is suitable for determining fatty acids in the form of Ca-fatty acid soaps in feces. Highlights New method to determine fecal Ca-fatty acid soaps. Consistent and high recovery of fatty acid-soaps.

Chemical composition of epicuticular wax in cabbage plants grown in vitro

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen Sutter
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Polar Compounds ◽  
Epicuticular Wax ◽  
Secondary Alcohols ◽  
Primary Alcohols ◽  
Polar Components ◽  
Chain Lengths ◽  
Intensity Characteristic

The chemical composition of epicuticular wax from cabbage plants grown in vitro was compared with that from plants grown in a greenhouse. There was a greater percentage of polar compounds (fatty acids, primary alcohols, aldehydes, and esters) and less alkanes and secondary alcohols in wax from cultured plants relative to those from greenhouse plants. Homologues in each class were more evenly distributed and had a greater range of chain lengths in wax from cultured plants. The high proportion of polar components in wax from cultured plants might be a factor in water loss when the plants are transferred to the greenhouse. Possible explanations for the altered wax composition in plants grown in vitro include increased relative humidity and decreased light intensity characteristic of in vitro conditions.

Chemical Composition of the Nasal Gland Secretion from the Marsh Deer Odocoileus ( DorcelaphusJ dichotomus (Illiger)

1976 ◽  
Vol 31 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 496-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jürgen Jacob ◽  
Ernst Von Lehmann
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Hydroxy Fatty Acids ◽  
Gland Secretion ◽  
Cholesterol Esters ◽  
Double Bonds ◽  
Lipid Mixture

Abstract The secretion of the nasal gland from the marsh deer (Odocoileus dichotomus) has shown to be a lipid mixture predominantly containing cholesterol esters, mono-and diester waxes, the latter of which containing 2-hydroxy fatty acids. The alcoholic constituents of the mono-and diester waxes contain considerable amounts of mono-unsaturated homologues, all with double bonds in(ω-9) position.

scholarly journals Draft Genome Sequence of Enterococcus faecalis Strain UCD-PD3

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana R. De Vries ◽  
Alexandra L. Martin ◽  
Holly H. Ganz ◽  
Jonathan A. Eisen ◽  
David A. Coil
Keyword(s):  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Felis Catus ◽  
Domestic Cat ◽  
Draft Genome Sequence ◽  
Anal Sac Secretion ◽  
Anal Sac ◽  
Anal Sacs

Here, we present the draft genome sequence of Enterococcus faecalis strain UCD-PD3. The assembly contains 2,861,314 bp in 73 contigs. This strain was isolated from a feral domestic cat ( Felis catus ) anal sac secretion sample, as part of a project on isolating and characterizing the microbes present in feline anal sacs.

scholarly journals Olfactory discrimination of anal sac secretions in the domestic cat and the chemical profiles of the volatile compounds

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamako Miyazaki ◽  
Takashi Nishimura ◽  
Tetsuro Yamashita ◽  
Masao Miyazaki
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Individual Recognition ◽  
Domestic Cat ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Sex Recognition ◽  
Chemical Profiles ◽  
Anal Sac

Abstract Scent emitted from anal sac secretions provides important signals for most Carnivora. Their secretions emit a variety of volatile compounds, some of which function as chemical signals with information about the scent owners. The domestic cat has a pair of anal sac glands to secrete a pungent liquid. Their anal sac secretions may give information about sex, reproductive state, and recognition of individuals. However, little is known about the volatile compounds emitted from anal sac secretions and their biological functions in cats. In this study, we examined the volatile chemical profiles of anal sac secretions in cats and their olfactory ability to discriminate intraspecific anal sac secretions. Analysis with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry showed that the major volatile compounds were short-chain free fatty acids, whose contents varied among individuals, as well as other carnivores. There was no sex difference in the volatile profiles. In temporal analyses of individual anal sac secretions performed 2 months apart, the profiles were highly conserved within individuals. Habituation–dishabituation tests showed that cats can distinguish individual differences in the odor of anal sac secretions. These results suggest that cats utilize short-chain free fatty acids emitted from anal sac secretions to obtain scent information for individual recognition rather than species or sex recognition.

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