Influence of zinc deficiency on one year recurrence in children with nephrotic syndrome

Introduction: Relapses in children with steroid sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS) are common and sometimes triggered by various infections. Low zinc levels have been described in children with nephrotic states. It is supposed to that zinc deficiency might lead to dysregulation of immune system and an increased risk of infection. Objectives: This study sought to examine whether the plasma level of zinc in nephrotic patients is related to the number of relapses in these patients. Patients and Methods: Forty-three children aged 1-10 years were entered in this study. Baseline data including age, serum zinc level, number of relapses during one year was recorded. The t test and chi-square tests were used to compare the mean values and proportions respectively with significant P value (P < 0.05). Results: Forty-three children with storied sensitive nephrotic syndrome enrolled in this study. Twenty-three (53.5%) of them were male and 20 (46.5%) were female. Around 74.4 % of patients experienced relapses of nephrotic syndrome in one-year period. There was a significant relation between zinc deficiency and recurrence rate. Conclusion: Zinc deficiency is common in children suffering from nephrotic syndrome and is related to recurrence of relapses in these patients.

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Zinc deficiency may play a crucial role in dialysis-associated bacterial infections

Journal of Renal Injury Prevention ◽

10.34172/jrip.2022.09 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. e9-e9

Author(s):

Zahra Lotfi ◽

Abbas Ali Zeraati ◽

Elaheh Dashti ◽

Tina Zeraati ◽

Maryam Arghiany ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Zinc Deficiency ◽

Bacterial Infections ◽

Critical Role ◽

Serum Zinc ◽

Zinc Level ◽

Healthy Individuals ◽

Mortality And Morbidity ◽

Increased Risk ◽

The Mean

Introduction: Systemic bacterial infections are a common cause of mortality and morbidity in hemodialysis patients. Zinc has a critical role in several immune system functions. Patients who have enough amounts of zinc are able to better face infections caused by various pathogens in comparison to those with zinc insufficiency Objective We sought to assess the role of zinc deficiency in dialysis-associated bacterial infections. Patients and Methods: Eighty-Three adult patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on hemodialysis including 43 patients with bacterial infectious complications and 40 non-infected patients as well as 41 healthy individuals were enrolled. Clinical data, laboratory values including serum zinc level and imaging findings were collected. SPSS was utilized to analyze the data with a significance cutoff set at P < 0.05. Results: Out of 124 participants, 80 (64.51%) were males and 44 (35.49%) were females. The mean age of infected hemodialysis group, non-infected hemodialysis group, and healthy controls were 50.8 ± 16.25, 49.1 ± 18.1, and 56.3 ± 18.2 years, respectively. Catheter site infection (37.3%) and urinary tract infection (30.2%) were the most common infections. The mean serum zinc concentration was significantly lower in the infected patients, compared to non-infected patients and healthy individuals (P < 0.001). Conclusion: The ESRD patients on hemodialysis have lower serum zinc levels which are associated with increased risk of bacterial infection. The role of screening for zinc deficiency and use of supplemental zinc in these patients need to be studied.

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Serum Zinc Deficiency in Squamous Cell Carcinomas of Oral and Maxillofacial Region: A Risk Factor to its Development and Metastasis

10.21203/rs.3.rs-27684/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Zhenq Xu ◽

Jianw Shang ◽

Guoq Wang ◽

Li Long ◽

Ping Zhang

Keyword(s):

Zinc Deficiency ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Serum Zinc ◽

Zinc Level ◽

Control Group ◽

Maxillofacial Region ◽

Chi Square ◽

Lymphnode Metastasis ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Oral And Maxillofacial Region

Abstract Objectives To explore whether serum Zinc deficiency (sZnd) is a promoter to the development and lymphonode metastasis of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of oral and maxillofacial region (OMF). Methods 610 patients with SCC were enrolled in the study group, the controls consisted of the same number of age-gender matched subjects without cancers, serum Zinc level was tested in both groups. Characteristics of SCCs were investigated. Different concentration of serum Zinc and prevalence of sZnd between the two groups were calculated using Chi-square test. The association between serum Zinc status and SCC with different T-stages and lymphonode metastasis was focused on research. Results The patients varied from 19 to 87 years with a mean age of 58.89±10.91 years. Oral cavity was the most commonly affected region. Males were involved predominantly with a ratio of 1.44:1 to females. The concentration of serum Zinc in malignancies was 12.57±2.53 μmol/L, 19.2% suffered from sZnd; in the control group were 14.65±2.25 μmol/L and 6.1%. Decreased serum Zinc and increased prevalence of sZnd in SCC were statistically significant to controls (p=0.000) . Increased incidence of sZnd and reduced level of serum Zinc correlated significantly to the the progression and lymphnode metastasis of SCC (p<0.01). Conclusions sZnd was a predisposing indicator to the tumorigenesis of SCC and also a promoter to its aggravation and lymphonode metastasis, which should be considered as a factor in devising the treatment plannings.

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Assessment of Zinc Status Among Pregnant Women Attending a Tertiary Level Hospital of Sunsari District, Nepal

Journal of Nepal Health Research Council ◽

10.33314/jnhrc.v17i4.2065 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (4) ◽

pp. 468-473

Author(s):

Man Kumar Tamang ◽

Uday Narayan Yadav ◽

Anish Acharya ◽

Madhab Lamsal

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Zinc Deficiency ◽

Zinc Concentration ◽

Serum Zinc ◽

P Value ◽

Tertiary Level ◽

Zinc Status ◽

Chi Square ◽

Serum Zinc Concentration ◽

Level Hospital

Background: Zinc deficiency is one of the major public health problems especially in developing countries, with an estimation of over 80% of pregnant women to be zinc deficient worldwide. Maternal zinc deficiency elevates the risk of foetal growth restriction. This study aimed to assess zinc deficiency and to examine the factors associated with zinc status among pregnant women attending a tertiary level hospital in Sunsari district, province no. one, Nepal.Methods: Pregnant women were selected by using time frame consecutive sampling at B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan from September to November 2018. Data on nutritional, socio-demographic and reproductive profiles were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. Blood was collected from each pregnant woman to estimate serum zinc concentration by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Association between serum zinc concentration and predictor variables were assessed using chi-square test.Results: A total of 156 women participated in the study. The prevalence of zinc deficiency among the pregnant women was 22.6%. Our data did not show association of any of the socio-demographic, nutritional and reproductive variables with serum zinc status (p-value>0.05) in chi-square. Conclusions: Zinc deficiency was found to be prevalent in our targeted population. However, community based studies need to be conducted for exploring more precise relationship between zinc status and other variables.Keywords: Nepal; nutritional factors; pregnant women; zinc status.

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Percentile values of serum zinc concentration and prevalence of its deficiency in Iranian children and adolescents: the CASPIAN-V study

Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1515/jpem-2019-0520 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 33 (4) ◽

pp. 525-531

Author(s):

Bahar Azemati ◽

Maliheh Khoramdad ◽

Mostafa Qorbani ◽

Hadith Rastad ◽

Gita Shafiee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Children And Adolescents ◽

Zinc Deficiency ◽

Zinc Concentration ◽

Serum Zinc ◽

Zinc Level ◽

Specific Reference ◽

P Value ◽

Residential Areas ◽

Serum Zinc Concentration ◽

Iranian Children

AbstractBackgroundTo determine the prevalence of serum zinc deficiency and provide the age- and sex-specific percentile values of serum zinc in children and adolescents.MethodsWe used the gathered data through the CASPIAN-V study, a national survey conducted on 3500 students aged 7–18 years from 30 provinces of Iran. In this study, 1370 blood samples were selected randomly, and serum zinc concentration was measured using a Hitachi automated analyzer. Zinc deficiency was defined as a serum zinc level of less than 75 μg/dL. Age-sex specific reference percentile values were developed for serum zinc concentration.ResultsThe mean age of participants was 12.4 ± 3.0 years; 49.3% were girls and 73% were urban inhabitants. Mean (standard deviation [SD]) of serum zinc concentration was 107.23 (25.81) μg/dL with a significant sex difference; 109.03 ± 26.12 μg/dL for males compared to 105.41 ± 25.3 μg/dL for females (p = 0.009). The prevalence of subclinical zinc deficiency was 4.9% (95% confidence intervals [CI]: 3.0, 6.9) in children and adolescents. Both zinc deficient and sufficient groups were similar in terms of age, sex and residential areas (all p-value > 0.05). Overall, the 5th and 95th percentile values for serum zinc were 68.28 and 151.87 μg/dL, respectively. The value of all percentiles consistently decreased with age. The 10–99th percentile values for serum zinc were greater in boys than girls at all ages.ConclusionsNearly 5% of subjects had zinc deficiency. Age-sex specific percentile values were established for Iranian children and adolescents.

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The Effect of Oral Zinc Therapy in Psoriasis Patients with Serum Zinc Deficiency: A Prospective Observational Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-143898/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Majid Rostami Mogaddam ◽

Nastaran safavi Ardabili ◽

Nasrollah Maleki

Keyword(s):

Zinc Deficiency ◽

Thyroid Dysfunction ◽

Serum Zinc ◽

Treated Group ◽

Zinc Level ◽

P Value ◽

Pasi Score ◽

Group A ◽

The Mean ◽

Group B

Abstract Introduction: Some studies have reported an association between serum zinc levels and psoriasis. This study aimed to assess the serum zinc level and thyroid dysfunction between psoriasis patients and healthy controls. Also, we evaluated the effect of oral zinc therapy in psoriasis patients with serum zinc deficiency. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 psoriasis patients and 100 healthy age- and sex-matched volunteers were enrolled in this prospective cross-sectional study. Finally, 52 psoriasis patients with serum zinc deficiency were randomly divided into two groups: one in which clobetasol cream alone was treated (group A), and one in which clobetasol cream plus oral zinc sulfate was treated (group B). The treatment response was assessed with Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) score. Results: The mean serum zinc level in psoriasis patients and controls was 62.3 ± 14.3 μg/dL and 87.7 ± 35.2 μg/dL, respectively (P-value= .001). Serum zinc deficiency was found in 52% and 26% of psoriasis patients and control subjects, respectively. Thyroid dysfunction was found in 8% of patients with psoriasis compared with 7% in control subjects (P-value=.361). At the end of the 12th week of treatment, the mean value of % reduction from baseline values of PASI Score in group A was 23.8 ± 18.2%, whereas this was 21.31 ± 17.8% in group B (P-value=.486). Conclusion: Although the prevalence of serum zinc deficiency is higher in psoriasis patients compared with healthy subjects, oral zinc supplementation does not appear to have therapeutic benefits in these patients. Also, we could not find any relationship between thyroid dysfunction and psoriasis.

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Serum Zinc deficiency in squamous cell carcinomas of oral and maxillofacial region: a risk factor to its development and metastasis

10.21203/rs.3.rs-27684/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Zhenq Xu ◽

Jianw Shang ◽

Guoq Wang ◽

Li Long ◽

Ping Zhang

Keyword(s):

Zinc Deficiency ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Serum Zinc ◽

Reference Interval ◽

Zinc Level ◽

Control Group ◽

Maxillofacial Region ◽

Chi Square ◽

Lymphnode Metastasis ◽

Oral And Maxillofacial Region

Abstract Background To explore whether serum Zinc deficiency (sZnd) is a promoter to the development and lymphonode metastasis of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of oral and maxillofacial region (OMF). Methods 610 patients with SCC were enrolled in the study group, the controls consisted of the same number of age-gender matched subjects without cancers, serum Zinc level (sZn) was tested in both groups and anyone whose sZn belowed reference interval was detected as having sZnd. Characteristics of SCCs were investigated. Different concentration of serum Zinc and prevalence of sZnd between the two groups were calculated using Chi-square test. The association between serum Zinc status and SCC with different T-stages and lymphonode metastasis was focused on research. Results The patients varied from 19 to 87 years with a mean age of 58.89±10.91 years. Oral cavity was the most commonly affected region. Males were involved predominantly with a ratio of 1.44:1 to females. The concentration of sZn in malignancies was 12.57±2.53 μmol/L, 17.87% suffered from sZnd; in the control group were 14.65±2.25 μmol/L and 4.75%. Decreased sZn and increased prevalence of sZnd in SCC were statistically significant to controls (p=0.000) . Increased incidence of sZnd and reduced level of sZn correlated significantly to the the progression and lymphnode metastasis of SCC (p<0.01).Conclusions sZnd was a possible predisposing indicator to the tumorigenesis of SCC and also a promoter to its aggravation and lymphonode metastasis, which should be considered as a factor in devising the treatment plannings.

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Serum Zinc Levels in Cirrhotic Patients Attending General and Specialty Hospitals, Yangon

Myanmar Health Sciences Research Journal ◽

10.34299/mhsrj.00956 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 31 (3) ◽

pp. 251-256

Keyword(s):

Clinical Practice ◽

Hepatic Encephalopathy ◽

Zinc Deficiency ◽

Serum Zinc ◽

Zinc Level ◽

The Body ◽

Serum Zinc Level ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Cirrhotic Patients ◽

Cirrhosis Of Liver

Cirrhosis of liver is one of the common medical problem in daily clinical practice and one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. Zinc is an essential trace elements for human and plays in many biological roles in the body. Among them, zinc deficiency is thought to be involved in metabolism of ammonia and causes hyperammonia that worsen hepatic encephalopathy. This study aimed to find out the severity of cirrhosis of liver was by Child Turcotte Pugh score and to investigate the associations between serum zinc level and severity of cirrhosis. A hospital-based cross-sectional descriptive study was performed on 78 patients with different underlying causes of cirrhosis of liver at the Medical Units of Yangon General Hospital and Yangon Specialty Hospital. Among the study population, Child grade A was found to be 28.21%, Child grade B was 30.77% and Child grade C was 41.03%. Regarding result of serum zinc level, 62.8% were low level, 28.2% were within normal level and 8.9% were high level. Mean value of serum zinc level in grade A was 0.68 mg/l, grade B was 0.54 mg/l and grade C was 0.48 mg/l (p=0.00). It was found out that there was a high prevalence of zinc deficiency in severe cirrhotic patients. The zinc level was significantly lowest among patients with Child-Pugh C as compare to those with Child-Pugh B and C. Severity of zinc deficiency should be requested for supplementation therapy in cirrhotic patients as to prevent complications such as hepatic encephalopathy, hepatocellular carcinoma and liver failure. Screening for zinc deficiency may need in these patients with more advanced cirrhosis because it seems to be a marker of advanced liver disease and it can be deducted that awareness of serum zinc level among cirrhotic patients is very important in clinical practice.

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Evaluation of Mandibular Arch Width Changes following Fixed Retention in Post Orthodontic Patients - a Randomized Clinical Trial

Pakistan Journal of Medicine and Dentistry ◽

10.36283/pjmd9-3/005 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Nasreen Iqbal Nagani

Keyword(s):

Stainless Steel ◽

Steel Wire ◽

P Value ◽

Chi Square ◽

Mandibular Arch ◽

Arch Width ◽

Orthodontic Patients ◽

Mean Differences ◽

One Year ◽

The Stability

Background: Retention is an integral phase in which teeth are maintained in their newly adapted position for which retainers are inserted. Retainers are generally of two types: removable and fixed. Fixed retainers are indicated in the mandibular arch for an indefinite period specifically in the non-extraction cases. Changes in intercanine and intermolar widths are valuable parameters to evaluate the stability. The objectives of this study were to assess and compare the mandibular intercanine and intermolar width changes following orthodontic treatment after insertion of two types of fixed lingual retainers for one year. Methods: Total 54 subjects were recruited in which two types of fixed lingual retainers were inserted in the mandibular arch randomly. Intercanine and intermolar arch widths were measured by digital caliper of 0.01 mm accuracy. Data was analyzed by using Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS V-21). Chi-square and independent t tests were used to compare baseline characteristics. Intercanine and intermolar widths were assessed and compared using independent t test, p-value ≤ 0.05 is considered as statistically significant. Results: Intercanine width increased from baseline to T4 in both retainers. When mean differences of intercanine width were compared between two retainers significant differences were observed at T1, T2, T3 and T4 with significant p-values (< 0.05) and increased intercanine width with multistranded stainless steel wire (MSW) retainers. Conclusion: Mandibular intercanine width increases significantly in post retention phase with multistranded stainless steel retainers. Thus, fiber reinforced composite retainers are more effective in preserving the arch width changes.

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Pendidikan Kesehatan dengan Pendekatan Model Information Motivation Behavior Skill (IMB) terhadap Peningkatan Pengetahuan dan Pola Konsumsi Sayur dan Buah pada Ibu Hamil

Jurnal Kesehatan ◽

10.26630/jk.v10i3.1433 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 320

Author(s):

Farhati Farhati ◽

Riska Resmana ◽

Dian Nurhadianti

Keyword(s):

Health Education ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Consumption Patterns ◽

P Value ◽

Chi Square ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Post Test ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Vegetables And Fruits

<p>Low consumption of vegetables and fruit causes an increased risk of chronic diseases such as cancer, heart disease, and diabetes. The results showed that the majority of pregnant women (52.9%) rarely consume vegetables and fruit in sufficient quantities as recommended. Therefore, it is necessary to provide education about the importance of vegetables and fruits consumption, one of which is through the Information Motivation Behavioral Skill (IMB) approach. This study aims to determine the effect of health education with the Information Motivation Behavior Skill (IMB) approach to increasing knowledge and consumption patterns of vegetables and fruits in pregnant women. This research is a quasi-experimental study with pre-post test design with control groups conducted in pregnant women in the city of Bandung with 60 samples using the observation sheet and questionnaire instruments. Data analysis used the chi-square test. The result of this study indicates that there are significant differences in knowledge and patterns of consumption of vegetables and fruit in pregnant women between the control and treatment groups with a p-value<0.05. Information Motivation Behavior Skill (IMB) Health Education Model approach has a role in increasing the knowledge and consumption patterns of vegetables and fruits in pregnant women.</p>

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A double-blind randomized placebo-controlled study of low dose mirtazapine once daily in patients of major depressive disorders on escitalopram

International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology ◽

10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20191602 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (5) ◽

pp. 1067

Author(s):

Mallikarjuna Rao I. ◽

Usha Kiran Prayaga ◽

Dharma Rao Uppada ◽

Ramachandra Rao E. ◽

B. L. Kudagi

Keyword(s):

Depressive Disorders ◽

Low Dose ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Controlled Study ◽

P Value ◽

Chi Square ◽

Double Blind ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Chi Square Test

Background: The SSRIs being used as 1st line therapy in treatment of depression have delayed therapeutic effect which makes the patient vulnerable to an increased risk of suicide and decreased adherence to the treatment and will prematurely discontinue the therapy. The present study was conducted to evaluate if low dose mirtazapine-escitalopram combination therapy has any add on benefit over monotherapy with escitalopram.Methods: In a single-centered, comparative study involving patients with depression attending the out-patient after screening and exclusion, 60 eligible patients were randomly assigned to receive tablet mirtazapine 7.5 mg plus tablet escitalopram 10 mg intervention or tablet escitalopram 10 mg plus placebo intervention in a double-blind 6-week treatment phase. The primary outcome measure was the change in the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) and Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) score from baseline. Participants were evaluated at baseline, 1st, 2nd,4th and 6th week. Results were analyzed using Chi-Square test for adverse effects and independent t-test analysis for efficacy parameter.Results: In the analysis of results at 6th week the numbers of patients achieved remission in mirtazapine group are more with a p-value of 0.018 which is significant and the numbers of responders in mirtazapine group are also more which is statistically significant on chi-square test. There is no significant difference was observed between the two groups with reference to occurrence of adverse effect.Conclusions: Adding low dose mirtazapine has an added benefit in terms of efficacy and getting remission early with more number of responders in the treatment of major depression.

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