Reliability and Validity of Seated Hip Extensor Strength Measurement by Handheld Dynamometer in Older Adults

ABSTRACTBackground:The Clutter Image Rating (CIR) was created to meet a gap in the research on compulsive hoarding: how to ascertain clutter level in an individual's home without a home visit, as not all clinicians have the ability to conduct a home visit. The CIR has proven itself to be both reliable and valid for use in adults with compulsive hoarding symptoms. However, there is currently a dearth of information on performance of the CIR in older adults diagnosed with hoarding disorder (HD). Because older adults have increased medical issues, including fall risks, evaluating the level of clutter in the house is especially critical in geriatric populations.Method:The current study was an investigation of the reliability and validity of the CIR in assessing late life HD. The internal consistency, convergent and divergent validity, and norms of the CIR were investigated in a large geriatric HD sample and compared with a midlife sample of individuals with HD. Criterion validity of the CIR was investigated through the comparison of participant ratings conducted in the clinic and clinician ratings conducted in the home.Results:The current study found similar levels of reliability and validity in a late life sample as in previous studies conducted in mid-life adults.Conclusions:Unlike previous studies, the current study did not find a significant relationship between the CIR and the non-clutter related subscales of the Savings Inventory-Revised. The CIR appears to be both reliable and valid for assessing clutter levels in older adults diagnosed with HD.

Download Full-text

Evidence of Validity and Reliability of the Lasher and Faulkender Anxiety about Aging Scale in Mexican Older Adults

Healthcare ◽

10.3390/healthcare9121612 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 1612

Author(s):

María del Carmen Zueck-Enríquez ◽

Ma. Concepción Soto ◽

Susana Ivonne Aguirre ◽

Martha Ornelas ◽

Humberto Blanco ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Factor Structure ◽

Physical Appearance ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

The Elderly ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Validity Indicators ◽

Mediating Factor ◽

And Behavior ◽

Attitudes And Behavior

Anxiety about aging is an important mediating factor in attitudes and behavior toward elderly individuals as well as a mediating factor in the adjustment to one’s own aging processes. The aim of this study was to analyze the factor structure, internal consistency and factorial invariance by sex of the Lasher and Faulkender Anxiety about Aging Scale. The sample consisted of 601 Mexican older adults, 394 women and 207 men, with a mean age of 70.69 ± 8.10 years. The factor structure of the questionnaire was analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis. Analyses show that a four-factor structure is feasible and adequate. The four-factor structure (fear of the elderly, psychological concerns, physical appearance and fear of loss), according to statistical and substantive criteria, showed adequate reliability and validity indicators. However, the obtained model does not fully coincide with that proposed by the questionnaire authors, although it continues to support the multi-factor component of anxiety about aging. On the other hand, the factor structure, the factor loadings and the intercepts are considered invariant in the two populations (men and women); however, there are differences between populations on the means of the physical appearance and fear of loss factors.

Download Full-text

Reliability and Validity of the Chinese Nine-Item Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction Scale Based on Self-Determination Theory With Older Adults

Frontiers in Psychology ◽

10.3389/fpsyg.2021.751631 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Yuting Yang ◽

Miao Yao ◽

Yongwei Yang ◽

Qiong Ye ◽

Ting Lin

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Item Analysis ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Self Determination Theory ◽

Psychological Needs ◽

Need Satisfaction ◽

Self Determination ◽

Internal Reliability ◽

Satisfaction Scale ◽

Validity Criterion

Background: Self-determination theory distinguishes three basic human psychological needs: competence, relatedness, and autonomy. The measurement of these needs in populations of older adults has been limited and inadequate. Yet, results from such an assessment are likely to be valuable in policymaking, specifically toward the goal of healthy aging.Aim: The objective of this study was to test the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction Scale (BPNS) based on self-determination theory with older adults.Methods: A total of 809 older adults were invited to participate in this study. We examined the item analysis, internal reliability, factorial validity, criterion validity, and measurement invariance across sex of a Chinese translation of the BPNS.Results: The findings demonstrated that the scale had a good factorial validity, criterion validity, and satisfactory internal reliability. All the items were qualified according to item analysis (p < 0.001). The Cronbach’s α coefficient for the total scale was 0.877. The coefficients of three subscales were 0.826 (autonomy), 0.807 (competence), and 0.847 (relatedness). Exploratory factor analysis indicated three factors that explained 75.12% of the total variance. Confirmatory factor analysis showed measurement fit exceeded the recommended criteria in all the cases. Measurement invariance analysis manifested that the factor loadings, factor variances and covariances, and residuals to measurement structure were invariant across the male and female participants.Conclusion: The Chinese version of the BPNS based on self-determination theory was proven to be reliable and valid. The usability of the scale to assess the satisfaction of the basic psychological needs of older adults in China was demonstrated.

Download Full-text

Reliability and validity of a quick test of cognitive speed (AQT) in screening for mild cognitive impairment and dementia

BMC Geriatrics ◽

10.1186/s12877-021-02621-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Pouya Farokhnezhad Afshar ◽

Elisabeth H. Wiig ◽

Seyed Kazem Malakouti ◽

Behnam Shariati ◽

Sara Nejati

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Sensitivity And Specificity ◽

Older Patients ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Quick Test ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Cognitive Speed ◽

Color Form

Abstract Background Cognitive disorders are one of the important issues in old age. There are many cognitive tests, but some variables affect their results (e.g., age and education). This study aimed to evaluate the reliability and validity of A Quick Test of Cognitive Speed (AQT) in screening for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia. Methods This is a psychometric properties study. 115 older adults participated in the study and were divided into three groups (46 with MCI, 24 with dementia, and 45 control) based on the diagnosis of two geriatric psychiatrists. Participants were assessed by AQT and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation, independent t-test, and ROC curve by SPSS v.23. Results There was no significant correlation between AQT subscales and age and no significant difference between the AQT subscales in sex, educational levels. The test-retest correlations ranges were 0.84 from 097. Concurrent validity was significant between MMSE and AQT. Its correlation was with Color − 0.78, Form − 0.71, and Color-Form − 0.72. The cut-off point for Color was 43.50 s, Form 52 s, and Color-Form 89 s were based on sensitivity and specificity for differentiating older patients with MCI with controls. The cut-off point for Color was 62.50 s, for Form 111 s, and Color-Form 197.50 s based on sensitivity and specificity measures for differentiating older patients with dementia and MCI. Conclusion The findings showed that AQT is a suitable tool for screening cognitive function in older adults.

Download Full-text

Reliability and validity of A Quick Test of Cognitive Speed (AQT) in Iranian older adults

10.21203/rs.3.rs-80986/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Pouya Farokhnezhad Afshar ◽

Elisabeth H. Wiig ◽

Seyed Kazem Malakouti ◽

Behnam Shariati

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Sensitivity And Specificity ◽

Older Patients ◽

Convergent Validity ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Quick Test ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Cognitive Speed ◽

Color Form

Abstract Background: Cognitive disorders are one of the most important issues in old age. They may remain hidden in the early stages. There are many cognitive tests, but some variables affect their results (e.g., age and education.) This study aimed to evaluate the reliability and validity of A Quick Test of Cognitive Speed (AQT) in Iranian older adults.Methods: This study aimed to test the psychometric properties of AQT. 114 older adults participated in the study and were divided into three groups (46 with mild cognitive impairments (MCI), 24 with dementia, and 45 without MCI and dementia) based on the diagnosis of two geriatric psychiatrists. Participants were assessed by AQT and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation, independent t-test, and ROC curve by SPSS v.23.Results: There was no significant correlation between AQT subscales and age and no significant difference between the AQT subscales in male and female, educational levels, and marital status. The test-retest correlations (r) were significant for Color (C) 0.84, Form (F) 0.91 and Color-Form (CF) 0.94. Convergent validity was significant between MMSE and AQT. Its correlation was with Color -0.78, Form -0.71, and Color-Form -0.72. The cut-off point for Color was 43.50 s, Form 52 s, and Color-Form 89 s were based on sensitivity and specificity for differentiating older patients with MCI with controls. The cut-off point for Color was 62.50 s, for Form 111 s, and Color-Form 197.50 s based on sensitivity and specificity measures for differentiating older patients with dementia and MCI.Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that A Quick Test of Cognitive Speed (AQT) is a suitable tool for assessing cognitive function in older adults.

Download Full-text

Development and Psychometrics Test of Home Environment Assessment Checklist for Community-Dwelling Older Adults with Dementia

Journal of Alzheimer s Disease ◽

10.3233/jad-200241 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 77 (4) ◽

pp. 1389-1396

Author(s):

Yi Wang ◽

Liyu Li ◽

Shuangyue Tian ◽

Jie Wu ◽

Zhiwen Wang

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Home Environment ◽

Visual Cues ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Living Environment ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Rater Reliability ◽

Environment Assessment ◽

People With Dementia ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

Background: Home environment is a core domain in the care of community-dwelling older adults with dementia, but there is no suitable instrument to measure it in China. Objective: To develop and psychometrically test the home environment assessment checklist for community-dwelling older adults with dementia. Methods: A three-step process was performed to develop and test this instrument: 1) based on the evidence-based theory, the checklist was summarized as the main points of evidence from living environment settings among older adults with dementia, 2) the draft tool was assigned to an iterative process of evaluation by a panel of examiners consisting of experts from treatment, nursing and caring, people with dementia and their caregivers, 3) inter-rater reliability and internal consistency were calculated with a sample of 348 caregivers of the older adults with dementia. Results: The HEAC consisted of 71 items in domains addressing safety, stability and familiarity, visual cues, and sensory stimulation. Psychometric evaluation showed that this tool demonstrated sound reliability and validity. Content validity was 0.969 which was established by a panel of experts (n = 10). Inter-rater reliability of two researchers was 0.978, and 0.848 for researchers and caregivers. Test-retest reliability was excellent (ICC = 0.757–0.877) in community-dwelling older adults with dementia 2 week apart. Conclusion: The HEAC is a new tool to help collect the reliable information on the barriers and facilitators of home environment for community-dwelling older adults with dementia and to precipitate the home modification process to improve the quality of care for people with dementia and their caregivers in daily life.

Download Full-text

Reliability and Validity of a Novel Wearable Device for Measuring Elbow Strength

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s20123412 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (12) ◽

pp. 3412

Author(s):

Marcus Brookshaw ◽

Andrew Sexton ◽

Chris A. McGibbon

Keyword(s):

Adult Population ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Random Order ◽

Healthy Adults ◽

Strength Measurement ◽

Intra Class Correlation ◽

Improve Measurement ◽

Elbow Flexors And Extensors ◽

Muscle Groups

Muscle strength is an important clinical outcome in rehabilitation and sport medicine, but options are limited to expensive but accurate isokinetic dynamometry (IKD) or inexpensive but less accurate hand-held dynamometers (HHD). A wearable, self-stabilizing, limb strength measurement device (LSMD) was developed to fill the current gap in portable strength measurement devices. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of the LSMD in healthy adults. Twenty healthy adults were recruited to attend two strength testing sessions where elbow flexor and extensor strength was measured with the LSMD, with HHD and with IKD in random order, by two raters. Outcomes were intra-rater repeatability, inter-rater reproducibility and inter-session reproducibility using intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC). Limits of agreement and weighted least products regression were used to test the validity of the LSMD relative to the criterion standard (IKD), and calibration formulas derived to improve measurement fidelity. ICC values for the LSMD were >0.90 for all measures of reliability and for both muscle groups, but over-predicted extensor strength and under-predicted flexor strength. Validity was established by transforming the data with the criterion standard-based calibration. These data indicate that the LSMD is reliable and conditionally valid for quantifying strength of elbow flexors and extensors in a healthy adult population.

Download Full-text