Rizicultura em Santa Catarina: um panorama sobre cultura, problemas socioambientais e o PROVÁRZEAS

A rizicultura é uma atividade econômica importante para o estado de Santa Catarina. Seu estudo dentro de uma perspectiva histórica é fundamental para compreender o envolvimento do plantio do arroz com a cultura, com o PROVÁRZEAS - Programa Nacional para Aproveitamento de várzeas Irrigáveis, e principalmente com os impactos socioambientais ocorridos pelo cultivo do arroz. O presente trabalho desenvolveu pesquisas bibliográficas através de jornais eletrônicos, artigos acadêmicos, livros e monografias para apresentar um panorama a respeito do arroz a partir do PROVÁRZEAS. Através da pesquisa, podem-se perceber as inúmeras festas relativas ao arroz, além de possibilitar uma discussão sobre os impactos causados pelo PROVÁRZEAS como: desmatamento de matas ciliares e contaminação de águas subterrâneas e lagoas através do uso intenso de agrotóxicos.Palavras-chave: Rizicultura; Santa Catarina; História; Meio ambiente. AbstractRice growing is an important economic activity for the state of Santa Catarina. Its study from a historical perspective is fundamental to understand the involvement of rice planting with the culture, with PROVÁRZEAS - National Program for the Use of Irrigable floodplains, and mainly with the socio-environmental impacts occurred by rice cultivation. The present work developed bibliographic research through electronic newspapers, academic articles, books and monographs to present an overview about rice from PROVÁRZEAS. Through the research, one can perceive the countless festivals related to rice, in addition to enabling a discussion on the impacts caused by PROVÁRZEAS such as: deforestation of riparian forests and contamination of groundwater and ponds through the intense use of pesticides.Keywords: Rice Farming; Santa Catarina; History; Environment.

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Armação Baleeira de Itapocoroia na obra “Viagem á Província de Santa Catharina (1820)” do naturalista Auguste de Saint-Hilaire

Revista Discente Ofícios de Clio ◽

10.15210/clio.v5i9.19128 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (9) ◽

pp. 332

Author(s):

Vinícius Bosignari ◽

Letícia Stiehler Machado

Keyword(s):

Economic Activity ◽

Social Condition ◽

The State ◽

Source Analysis ◽

The Political ◽

Santa Catarina ◽

French Researcher

As armações baleeiras representaram uma importante atividade econômica para o Brasil em meados do século XVIII e início do século XIX. O presente artigo teve como objetivo analisar a condição político-administrativa-social da Armação Baleeira do Itapocoroia, situada no estado de Santa Catarina, a partir do relato do viajante Saint-Hilaire. Para tanto, utilizou-se como metodologia a análise do documento através de bibliografias sobre o tema e outras fontes do período. Por fim, pode-se perceber o caráter desbravador do pesquisador francês através da descrição geográfica do local. A partir disso, pode-se inferir que existiam três instâncias diferentes na organização da armação. São elas: a instância administrativa, a de caça e produção de derivados da baleia e a de moradia. Além disso, o trabalho desenvolvido por Saint-Hilaire é uma importante fonte para os estudos sobre a pesca da baleia no litoral catarinense, principalmente sobre a Armação de Itapocoroia.Palavras-chave: Armação Baleeira; Itapocoroy; Santa Catarina; Saint-Hilaire. AbstractWhaling stations represented an important economic activity for Brazil in the mid-18th and early 19th centuries. This article aimed to analyze the political-administrative-social condition of Whaling stations Itapocoroia, located in the state of Santa Catarina, based on the account of the traveler Saint-Hilaire. For that, the source analysis was used as methodology through bibliographies on the theme and other sources of the period. Finally, one can perceive the pioneering character of the French researcher through the geographical description of the place. From this, it can be inferred that there were three different instances in the organization of the frame. They are: the administrative, whaling and production of whale products and housing. In addition, the work developed by Saint-Hilaire is an important source of studies on whaling on the coast of Santa Catarina, mainly in Itapocoroia.Keywords: Whaling stations; Itapocoroy; Saint Catherine; Saint-Hilaire.

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Cyclone Bomb hits Southern Brazil in 2020

Journal of Atmospheric Science Research ◽

10.30564/jasr.v3i3.2163 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Ricardo Gobato ◽

Alireza Heidari

Keyword(s):

High Pressure ◽

Atmospheric Pressure ◽

High Speed ◽

Satellite Images ◽

The State ◽

Southern Brazil ◽

Santa Catarina ◽

High Area ◽

South Of Brazil ◽

Rapid Drop

An “explosive extratropical cyclone” is an atmospheric phenomenon that occurs when there is a very rapid drop in central atmospheric pressure. This phenomenon, with its characteristic of rapidly lowering the pressure in its interior, generates very intense winds and for this reason it is called explosive cyclone, bomb cyclone. With gusts recorded of 116 km/h, atmospheric phenomenon – “cyclone bomb” (CB) hit southern Brazil on June 30, the beginning of winter 2020, causing destruction in its influence over. One of the cities most affected was Chapecó, west of the state of Santa Catarina. The satellite images show that the CB generated a low pressure (976 mbar) inside it, generating two atmospheric currents that moved at high speed. In a northwest-southeast direction, Bolivia and Paraguay, crossing the states of Parana and Santa Catarina, and this draft that hit the south of Brazil, which caused the destruction of the affected states. Another moving to Argentina, southwest-northeast direction, due to high area of high pressure (1022 mbar). Both enhanced the phenomenon.

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Economic Institutions and the State in Historical Perspective

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.2175185 ◽

2012 ◽

Author(s):

Henning Hillmann

Keyword(s):

Historical Perspective ◽

The State ◽

Economic Institutions

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Improvement of passenger cars imports control in the state control system of foreign economic activity

Management Issues ◽

10.22394/2304-3369-2019-4-148-158 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (4) ◽

pp. 148-158

Author(s):

A. V. Gurbanova ◽

◽

D. B. Shtrikova ◽

Keyword(s):

Control System ◽

Economic Activity ◽

The State ◽

State Control ◽

Passenger Cars

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Party and Democracy

10.1093/oso/9780198735854.001.0001 ◽

2017 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Piero Ignazi

Keyword(s):

Political Parties ◽

Organizational Development ◽

Interwar Period ◽

Historical Perspective ◽

The State ◽

Societal Change ◽

Contemporary Society ◽

Mass Public ◽

Post War ◽

Totalitarian Regimes

The book integrates philosophical, historical, and empirical analyses in order to highlight the profound roots of the limited legitimation of parties in contemporary society. Political parties’ long attempts to gain legitimacy are analysed from a philosophical–historical perspective pinpointing crucial passages in their theoretical and empirical acceptance. The book illustrates the process through which parties first emerged and then achieved full legitimacy in the early twentieth century. It shows how, paradoxically, their role became absolute in the totalitarian regimes of the interwar period when the party became hyper-powerful. In the post-war period, parties shifted from a golden age of positive reception and organizational development towards a more difficult relationship with society as it moved into post-industrialism. Parties were unable to master societal change and favoured the state to recover resources they were no longer able to extract from their constituencies. Parties have become richer and more powerful, but they have ‘paid’ for their pervasive presence in society and the state with a declining legitimacy. The party today is caught in a dramatic contradiction. It has become a sort of Leviathan with clay feet: very powerful thanks to the resources it gets from the state and to its control of societal and state spheres due to an extension of clientelistic and patronage practices; but very weak in terms of legitimacy and confidence in the eyes of the mass public. However, it is argued that there is still no alternative to the party, and some hypotheses to enhance party democracy are advanced.

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Capital and Capitalism

10.1093/oso/9780199641994.003.0002 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Sumit K. Majumdar

Keyword(s):

Industrial Policy ◽

Economic Activity ◽

The State ◽

Industrial Society ◽

Institution Building ◽

Modern Industrial Society ◽

Role Of The State ◽

Laws And Regulations

The chapter summarizes the nature of capital and capitalism. The chapter also highlights concepts related to the role of the State in economic activity, and the nature of industrial policy. The initial concepts dealt with are that of capital as a fund, capital as structure and capital as capabilities. Capitalism necessitates socially organizing production. Assessing organizational and administrative contingencies is important for understanding capitalism. Institutions are the bedrock of capitalism. The broad roles of Government, in designing laws and regulations, building infrastructure and acting as entrepreneur, are discussed. The implementation of national industrial strategies facilitates growth. The nature of industrial strategies is highlighted. Industrial policy activities, as defined by the three facets of institutions, innovation and involvement, are discussed. With respect to India’s industrial strategy, independent India’s founders’ visions of a modern industrial society, grounded in a need to involve Government in institution building, are introduced.

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Assessing the Economic and Environmental Impacts of Alternative Renewable Portfolio Standards: Winners and Losers

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14113319 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (11) ◽

pp. 3319

Author(s):

Jamal Mamkhezri ◽

Leonard A. Malczynski ◽

Janie M. Chermak

Keyword(s):

New Mexico ◽

Environmental Impacts ◽

The State ◽

Policy Implications ◽

Renewable Portfolio Standard ◽

County Level ◽

Renewable Portfolio Standards ◽

Energy Potential ◽

Output Analysis ◽

The Impact

State-mandated renewable portfolio standards affect substantial portions of the total U.S. electricity supply. Renewable portfolio standards are environmentally motivated policies, yet they have the potential to greatly impact economy. There is not an agreement in the literature on the impact of renewable portfolio standards policies on regional economies, especially on job creation. By integrating various methodologies including econometrics, geographic information system, and input–output analysis into a unique system dynamics model, this paper estimates the economic and environmental impacts of various renewable portfolio standards scenarios in the state of New Mexico, located in Southwestern U.S. The state is endowed with traditional fossil fuel resources and substantial renewable energy potential. In this work we estimated and compared the economic and environmental tradeoffs at the county level under three renewable portfolio standards: New Mexico’s original standard of 20% renewables, the recently adopted 100% renewables standard, and a reduced renewable standard of 10%. The final one would be a return to a more traditional generation profile. We found that while the 20% standard has the highest market-based economic impact on the state as a whole, it is not significantly different from other scenarios. However, when environmental impacts are included, the 100% standard yields the highest value. In addition, while the state level economic impacts across the three scenarios are not significantly different, the county-level impacts are substantial. This is especially important for a state like New Mexico, which has a high reliance on energy for economic development. A higher renewable portfolio standard appears to be an economic tool to stimulate targeted areas’ economic growth. These results have policy implications.

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Jan Sobieski’s latifundium and the soldiers (1652-1696)

Open Military Studies ◽

10.1515/openms-2020-0105 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 62-69

Author(s):

Magdalena Ujma

Keyword(s):

Economic Activity ◽

Military Service ◽

18Th Century ◽

Geographic Location ◽

The State ◽

Necessary Condition ◽

Economic Market ◽

The People ◽

Actual Strength ◽

The Military

Abstract An analysis of the relationship between Jan III Sobieski and the people he distinguished shows that there were many mutual benefits. Social promotion was more difficult if the candidate for the office did not come from a senatorial family34. It can be assumed that, especially in the case of Atanazy Walenty Miączyński, the economic activity in the Sobieski family was conducive to career development. However, the function of the plenipotentiary was not a necessary condition for this. Not all the people distinguished by Jan III Sobieski achieved the same. More important offices were entrusted primarily to Marek Matczyński. Stanisław Zygmunt Druszkiewicz’s career was definitely less brilliant. Druszkiewicz joined the group of senators thanks to Jan III, and Matczyński and Szczuka received ministerial offices only during the reign of Sobieski. Jan III certainly counted on the ability to manage a team of people acquired by his comrades-in-arms in the course of his military service. However, their other advantage was also important - good orientation in political matters and exerting an appropriate influence on the nobility. The economic basis of the magnate’s power is an issue that requires more extensive research. This issue was primarily of interest to historians dealing with latifundia in the 18th century. This was mainly due to the source material. Latifundial documentation was kept much more regularly in the 18th century than before and is well-organized. The economic activity of the magnate was related not only to the internal organization of landed estates. It cannot be separated from the military, because the goal of the magnate’s life was politics and, very often, also war. Despite its autonomy, the latifundium wasn’t isolated. Despite the existence of the decentralization process of the state, the magnate families remained in contact with the weakening center of the state and influenced changes in its social structure. The actual strength of the magnate family was determined not only by the area of land goods, but above all by their profitability, which depended on several factors: geographic location and natural conditions, the current situation on the economic market, and the management method adopted by the magnate. In the 17th century, crisis phenomena, visible in demography, agricultural and crafts production, money and trade, intensified. In these realities, attempts by Jan III Sobieski to reconstruct the lands destroyed by the war and to introduce military rigor in the management center did not bring the expected results. Sobieski, however, introduced “new people” to the group of senators, who implemented his policy at the sejmiks and the Parliament, participated in military expeditions and managed his property.

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