scholarly journals “Parallel Societies” and a Turn Towards Soft Assimilation

2021 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-160
Author(s):  
Tatyana Pronina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
European Society ◽  
Strong Influence ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Immigrant Communities ◽  
Protection Mechanism ◽  
Political Debates ◽  
Immigration Studies ◽  
Parallel Structures ◽  
Immigrant Organizations ◽  
Number Of Authors

The article presents an overview of theoretical discussions about the content and formats for the use of the term “parallel societies” in social and humanitarian discourses and political debates on immigration. Based on the previous immigration studies (of the Chicago sociological school, T. Meyer in Germany, etc.), a number of authors point out negative connotations associated with this term due to phobias of Islamic radicalism. Other researchers propose to abandon the term "parallel society". They insist on the hollowness of this concept, which just reflects the fears of a certain part of European society. However, the majority of specialists pay attention to the ambiguous nature of segregation as the basis for the development of “parallel societies”, acting for immigrants as a protection mechanism against discrimination and facilitates their integration. Furthermore, the researchers provide empirical evidence of a link between the deterioration of social and economic conditions and the growth of anti-immigrant sentiment. The study highlights the paradoxical conclusion that immigrant communities with a strong influence of religion lack public “parallel” structures that represented their interests in the majority society. Meanwhile the states do not have the appropriate tools to establish a dialogue with religious immigrant organizations and to oppose the promotion of their life style. In conclusion, the article emphasizes the growing tendency to abandon the strategy of multiculturalism and return to a soft variant of assimilation and integration.

Labor Unions and Undocumented Immigrants: Local Perspectives on Transversal Solidarity During DACA and DAPA

2020 ◽  
pp. 089692052098012
Author(s):  
Els de Graauw ◽  
Shannon Gleeson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Labor Unions ◽  
Undocumented Immigrants ◽  
The United States ◽  
Immigrant Communities ◽  
Immigrant Rights ◽  
Deferred Action ◽  
Immigrant Organizations ◽  
Local Perspectives

National labor unions in the United States have formally supported undocumented immigrants since 2000. However, drawing on 69 interviews conducted between 2012 and 2016 with union and immigrant rights leaders, this article offers a locally grounded account of how union solidarity with undocumented immigrants has varied notably across the country. We explore how unions in San Francisco and Houston have engaged with Obama-era immigration initiatives that provided historic relief to some undocumented immigrants. We find that San Francisco’s progressive political context and dense infrastructure of immigrant organizations have enabled the city’s historically powerful unions to build deep institutional solidarity with immigrant communities during the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA [2012]) and Deferred Action for Parents of Americans (DAPA [2014]) programs. Meanwhile, Houston’s politically divided context and much sparser infrastructure of immigrant organizations made it necessary for the city’s historically weaker unions to build solidarity with immigrant communities through more disparate channels.

scholarly journals Eurocentrism and the Contribution of Ibn Khaldun to the Growth of Sociology

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Aboobacker Rameez
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
European Society ◽  
Political Organization ◽  
Social Solidarity ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
North African ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Ibn Khaldun ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
The 19Th Century

It is generally believed that sociology originated in Europe in the 19th century and the paternity of the discipline is commonly attributed to the French sociologist August Comte. However, reflections of a sociological nature were observed and found in the work of 14th century North African historian and philosopher Ibn Khaldun. However, such contribution of Ibn Khaldun is little acknowledged by European scholars in their works. Therefore, this paper attempts to examine how Eurocentrism is embedded in the writing of the European scholars and unpacks the contribution of Ibn Khaldun in the growth of Sociology. In the first part of essay, I argue that the perspective of European scholars are mainly Eurocentric and parochial in their accounts on culture, language and other aspects of non-European society. In the second part of the essay, I argue Ibn Khaldun’s contribution to the field of sociology is largely ignored, though his contributions dealt with the society and human character, political organization and government, differences between rural and urban populations, kinship, social solidarity, and the interplay between economic conditions and social organizations. Nevertheless, I argue that though Ibn Khaldun’s ideas have hugely impressed some of European thinkers in the 19th century prompting them to regard him as the progenitor of sociology, question remains as to how his ideas and theories have been appropriated by contemporary social scientists in their works.

Migration and Immigrant Organizational Forms in Latin America

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Escala Rabadán ◽  
Xóchitl Bada
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Latin American ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
Organizational Forms ◽  
Immigrant Communities ◽  
The Past ◽  
Immigrant Organizations ◽  
Latin American Immigrants ◽  
Similarities And Differences

Over the past two decades, scholarly research has increasingly documented and analyzed the role, variety, and significance of immigrants’ associations, specifically regarding their links to countries of origin and their centrality to the rise and consolidation of immigrant communities in destination countries. However, despite the increasing interest in the organizational dimension of Latin American immigrants, our knowledge in this field remains fragmented, and several gaps can be identified in the literature. This chapter provides a systematic review of the existing literature on immigrant organizational forms. The authors identify and offer possible explanations for the similarities and differences among these immigrant social structures. In addition, they consider examples of immigrant organizations as agents of incorporation and political participation in both sending and receiving countries. The geographical focus covers Latin American immigrants in the Americas and Europe, namely in the United States and Spain, their main destinations.

scholarly journals KOMUNIKASI RITUAL PEZIARAH “NGALAP BERKAH” DI KAWASAN WISATA GUNUNG KEMUKUS (Studi Etnografi Komunikasi Tentang Budaya Ritual Ziarah di Kawasan Wisata Gunung Kemukus, Desa Pendem, Kecamatan Sumber Lawang, Sragen-Jawa Tengah)

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahmi Setiawati ◽  
Priyanto Priyanto
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Cultural Tourism ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Behavior Patterns ◽  
Immigrant Communities ◽  
Local Economies ◽  
Central Java

AbstractThis article is explain of ritual commucation pilgrim "ngalap berkah" in the Kemukus mountain, ethnographic study of communication about cultural tourism zone ritual pilgrimage in Mount Kemukus, Pendem Village, District Sumber Lawang, Sragen, Central Java. The results showed that for the local community a message of what is hidden behind this ritual is still ambiguity. But in the process of social interaction between indigenous communities with immigrant communities, both in terms of livelihoods, different behavior patterns, causing local people trying to accept changes to the meaning of "ngalap berkah". It is caused when the pilgrimage locations have changed or constructed for tourist commodification, and is thought to enhance the growth of local economies, which have an impact on improving social and economic conditions of the communities in Pendem.Keywords: ritual communication, ethnographic communications, ritual pilgrimage ngalap berkah, kemukus mountain

Outcome of Doctors Attending the European Society for Paediatric Endocrinology Winter Schools 2008–2014

2017 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 396-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malcolm D.C. Donaldson
Keyword(s):  
European Society ◽  
Strong Influence ◽  
Job Training ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
Favourable Outcome ◽  
Training Status ◽  
Paediatric Endocrinology ◽  
Educational Programmes ◽  
Winter School

Background/Aims: Since 1995, the European Society for Paediatric Endocrinology (ESPE) has hosted Winter School (WS), a 5-day interactive meeting of 25 trainees and 7 teachers designed to cover all main endocrine topics. The aim of the present study was to determine subsequent outcome in ex-WS “students.” Methods: A questionnaire was sent in August 2016 to all ESPE WS participants between 2008 and 2014. Information was requested on job/training status at WS attendance and in 2016, and subsequent involvement with ESPE. Results: Of 174 participants (144 women, 30 men) including 5 attending two WS, 129 (74.5%) responded. At the time of WS/2016 survey 58/3 participants were junior trainees, 38/21 senior trainees, and 33/101 consultants. One hundred and seventeen (90.6%) responders were still involved with endocrinology, 107 (82%) rating WS as having a strong/very strong influence on their careers. Following WS, 80/174 (46%) participants had attended at least one ESPE main meeting, 28 (16%) had been awarded ESPE fellowships, and 34 (19%) had become ESPE members. Conclusions: The great majority of WS participants responding to the questionnaire are still involved with endocrinology and rated WS as influential. This favourable outcome supports the continuing funding of WS and similar educational programmes.

Psychological Impact, Strengths, and Handling the Uncertainty Among Latinx DACA Recipients

2021 ◽  
pp. 001100002110061
Author(s):  
Oswaldo Moreno ◽  
Lisa Fuentes ◽  
Isis Garcia-Rodriguez ◽  
Rosalie Corona ◽  
Germàn A. Cadenas
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
The Political ◽  
Immigrant Communities ◽  
Social Advocacy ◽  
Racial Trauma ◽  
Political Debates ◽  
Deferred Action ◽  
Positive Outlook ◽  
Trump Administration

Anti-immigration rhetoric has consistently impacted the lives of immigrant young adults who are Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) recipients. This qualitative study sheds light on the lived psychological experiences of 21 Latinx DACA recipients who were impacted by the political debates during the Trump administration. Content analysis revealed four main psychological impacts resulting from the DACA political debates: stress, fear, anxiety, and depressive symptomatology). Through these experiences, individuals who perceived being impacted by these political debates described three main strengths (i.e., luchando adelante, positive outlook, and DACA+ethnic pride) that assisted them. Finally, participants noted three main strategies (i.e., social and family support, religiosity/spirituality, and social advocacy) that also served them during the DACA political debates. These findings provide implications for practices and policies that foster healing from ethno-racial trauma in Latinx immigrant communities.

The Interpretation of Solar Spectral Intensities

1988 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 329
Author(s):  
R.W.P. McWhirter
Keyword(s):  
Emission Measure ◽  
Physical Nature ◽  
Atomic Data ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Atomic Properties ◽  
Outer Atmosphere ◽  
Spectral Intensities ◽  
Thin Plasma ◽  
Number Of Authors

The intensity of a specrtal line from an optically thin plasma such as the outer atmosphere of the sun depends on both the atomic properties of the atomic ion responsible for the line and the physical nature of the plasma. In this paper we discuss the various ways in which the measured spectral intensities from the sun are used to discover something about the nature of the sun’s atmosphere. The technique has been referred to as the emission measure method. It has important limitations in terms of the accuracy of the specrtal data as well as the atomic data. We discuss some of these and suggest methods by which they may be assessed. The technique is illustrated by application to real observations from a number of authors.

Effect of strain on ADF-STEM high-resolution images

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 666-667
Author(s):  
M. Kelly ◽  
D.M. Bird
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Strong Influence ◽  
Intensity Variation ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
Atomic Resolution ◽  
Strain Fields ◽  
High Resolution Image ◽  
Annular Dark Field ◽  
High Resolution Images ◽  
Interesting Alternative

It is well known that strain fields can have a strong influence on the details of HREM images. This, for example, can cause problems in the analysis of edge-on interfaces between lattice mismatched materials. An interesting alternative to conventional HREM imaging has recently been advanced by Pennycook and co-workers where the intensity variation in the annular dark field (ADF) detector is monitored as a STEM probe is scanned across the specimen. It is believed that the observed atomic-resolution contrast is correlated with the intensity of the STEM probe at the atomic sites and the way in which this varies as the probe moves from cell to cell. As well as providing a directly interpretable high-resolution image, there are reasons for believing that ADF-STEM images may be less suseptible to strain than conventional HREM. This is because HREM images arise from the interference of several diffracted beams, each of which is governed by all the excited Bloch waves in the crystal.

Grain separation enhanced magnetic coercivity in Pt/Co multilayers.

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 1038-1039 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.A. Bertero ◽  
R. Sinclair
Keyword(s):  
Remanent Magnetization ◽  
Strong Influence ◽  
Uniaxial Anisotropy ◽  
Magnetic Coupling ◽  
Recording Media ◽  
Magnetic Media ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
Longitudinal Recording ◽  
The Relationship

Pt/Co multilayers displaying perpendicular (out-of-plane) magnetic anisotropy and 100% perpendicular remanent magnetization are strong candidates as magnetic media for the next generation of magneto-optic recording devices. The magnetic coercivity, Hc, and uniaxial anisotropy energy, Ku, are two important materials parameters, among others, in the quest to achieving higher recording densities with acceptable signal to noise ratios (SNR). The relationship between Ku and Hc in these films is not a simple one since features such as grain boundaries, for example, can have a strong influence on Hc but affect Ku only in a secondary manner. In this regard grain boundary separation provides a way to minimize the grain-to-grain magnetic coupling which is known to result in larger coercivities and improved SNR as has been discussed extensively in the literature for conventional longitudinal recording media.We present here results from the deposition of two Pt/Co/Tb multilayers (A and B) which show significant differences in their coercive fields.

Casting with resins

1989 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 326-330
Author(s):  
J. Smith ◽  
B. Latimer
Keyword(s):  
Plaster Casting ◽  
Number Of Authors

Fossils are characteristically uncommon, making it impossible to distribute original specimens to all interested investigators. Dissemination of information, therefore, often depends upon the circulation of accurate reproductions. Such reproductions or casts can be made from a variety of materials including plasters and two-part resins. Using resins for the casting of paleontological specimens was discussed by a number of authors, including Burke and Jensen, 1961; Madsen, 1974; Parsons, 1973; Schrimper, 1973; Reser, 1981; and Burke et al., 1983 (see additional references in Hannibal, this volume, chapter 6). Plaster casting is covered by Babcock (this volume, chapter 34).

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