Role of soil bacterial consortia on glyphosate degradation and growth of maize seedlings

Pre-growing weed control by glyphosate herbicides is effective for increasing yield, but glyphosate residues in the soil might reduce soil quality and can accumulate in agricultural products. Naturally, microbes are able to breakdown glyphosate into nontoxic substances orthophosphate and glycine. Glyphosate degradation in soil by single soil microbes are reported elsewhere, but the information about glyphosate removal by soil bacterial consortia was limited. The objective of this research was to determine the effect of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) composition in liquid media to increase glyphosate degradation and its degradation product by soil bacterial consortia and 2) verify the effect of bacterial consortia on maize seedlings growth, their N and P uptake, as well as total and soluble P in soil. Glyphosate degradation test was set up by incubating bacterial consortia in a different composition of C-N-P liquid basal media. Greenhouse experiment has been performed in a randomized block design to treat maize grown in Inceptisols with bacterial and glyphosate application. The results showed that C-N-P composition of liquid media affected the concentration of glyphosate, as well as orthophosphate and glycine as by-products. In-planta experiment verified that inoculation of glyphosate-degrading bacterial to maize seedling grown in glyphosate-contaminated soil enabled to enhance shoot dry weight of maize seedling and N and P uptake at 4 weeks after inoculation.

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Peningkatan Produktivitas Lahan Gambut melalui Teknik Ameliorasi dan Inokulasi Mikroba Pelarut Fosfat

Jurnal Agro ◽

10.15575/76 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 1-13

Author(s):

Ida Nur Istina ◽

Benny Joy ◽

Aisyah D Suyono

Keyword(s):

Palm Oil ◽

Agricultural Development ◽

Block Design ◽

Peat Soil ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Nutrient Content ◽

P Uptake ◽

Leaf Length ◽

P Availability ◽

Phosphate Solubilizing

Keterbatasan lahan potensial menyebabkan perluasan areal pertanian mengarah pada lahan gambut. Kendala pengembangan lahan gambut adalah rendahnya kandungan hara tersedia bagi tanaman. Fosfat (P) merupakan salah satu unsur hara makro yang penting untuk pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman, disisi lain ketersediaan hara ini pada lahan gambut terbatas karena ikatan asam organik dan sifat yang mudah tercuci. Penelitian untuk menguji pengaruh ameliorasi dan inokulasi mikroba pelarut fosfat terhadap ketersediaan hara P di lahan gambut dilakukan di kebun pembibitan kelapa sawit petani di Riau dari Oktober 2013 - Maret 2014, menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok pola Faktorial dengan 30 kombinasi perlakuan dan 3 kali ulangan. Variabel yang diamati meliputi : tinggi tanaman, lingkar batang, jumlah daun, lebar daun, panjang daun, kandungan hara tanaman, dan bobot biomasa bibit setelah 5 bulan di pembibitan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ameliorasi menggunakan kompos tandan kosong kelapa sawit mampu meningkatkan P tersedia, serapan P oleh batang dan akar, berat brangkasan dan berat kering batang. Sedangkan mikroba pelarut fosfat berpengaruh secara tidak nyata.The limitation of potential land leads agricultural development expansion to the peat soil area. Constrain of the peatland development is the low nutrient content that is required by plant. Phosphate is one of major growth and production limiting nutrient because of the solublelize of the organic acids and immobility The research was conducted from October 2013 – March 2014 at the farmer main nursery in Riau province to test the effect of amelioration and phosphate solubilizing microbe inoculation on P availability on palm oil seedling growth and production at peatland, used Randomized Block Design with 30 treatments and 3 replications. The parameters observed were plant height, leaf number, leaf width, leaf length, stem diameters, nutrient contents, also fresh and dry weight after 5 months at the main nursery. The result showed that palm oil empty fruit bunch compost as ameliorant increased P nutrient avaibility, P uptake, fresh and dry weight, whereas phosphate solubilizing microbe was unsignificant.

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Kompatibilitas Sumber Inokulan Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskular pada Kedelai dengan Budidaya Jenuh Air

Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan ◽

10.21082/jpptp.v35n3.2016.p229-237 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 35 (3) ◽

pp. 229 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ridwan Muis ◽

Munif Ghulamahdi ◽

Maya Melati ◽

Purwono Purwono ◽

Irdika Mansur

Keyword(s):

Relative Efficiency ◽

Block Design ◽

Dry Weight ◽

P Uptake ◽

Saturated Soil ◽

Soil Culture ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Two Factors ◽

Dry Soil ◽

Water Saturated

The main problem encountered by soybean crop in acid sulfate tidal lands is less availability of P, because of its chemical bond with Fe. Heavy dose of fertilization often lead to high fertilizer residue, wich could be used for crops farming using AMF. Research was conducted to study the effect of soybean culturing technique and AMF inoculants source on growth of soybean. The treatments consisted two factors, arranged in a randomized block design with three replications. The first factor was four inoculants sources of AMF, namely AMF and without inoculation AMF, inoculants from rhizospheres of kudzu (Pueraria javanica), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), corn (Zea mays) and soybean (Glycine max). The second factor was culturing tehnique, namely water saturated and dry soil culture. Soybeans were grown in pots containing 5 kg soil derived from tidal land, Simpang Village, District of Berbak, East Tanjung Jabung Regency, Jambi Province. Results showed that the interaction saturated soil culture with inoculants from corn’s rhizosphere had positive effect on the variability of N, P and K uptake, N and P content in the plant, relative efficiency of inoculants and relative efficiency of P uptake, stem diameter, biomass dry weight, the number of filled pods and seed dry weight of soybeans. Dry soil culture with inoculants of corn’s rhizosphere had greater root colonization, but overall for the growth and grain yield of soybean, saturated soil culture with inoculants from corn rhizosphere has better effect on other growth variables.

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The effect of biofilm biofertilizer formula and organic fertilizer dosage to phosphorus uptake and yield of shallot on Vertisols

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/905/1/012121 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 905 (1) ◽

pp. 012121

Author(s):

Sudadi ◽

C Y Setyawan

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Block Design ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Phosphorus Uptake ◽

Dry Weight ◽

P Uptake ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Two Factors ◽

Weight Data

Abstract The research aims to find the effect of biofilm biofertilizer formula and dose of organic fertilizer on phosphorus uptake and yield of shallot on Vertisols. The research was arranged in a completely randomized block design with two factors: dosage of organic fertilizer (0, 10, 20-ton ha-1) and the formula of biofilm biofertilizer (without BiO2, BiO2 1, BiO2 2, BiO2 3). Variables observed are available-P, P-uptake, bulb number, and bulb weight. Data were analyzed using F test followed by DMRT at α = 0.05. The result shows that 20-ton ha-1 organic fertilizer decomposed with biofilm biofertilizer yield highest P-uptake and plant dry weight which increases 322 and 216 % to control treatment (0.50 and 1.26 g plant-1). The use of 10-ton ha-1 of organic fertilizer yield highest bulb number and weight i.e 5.58 bulbs plant-1 and 116 g plant-1 increase 27 and 172% compared to the control. The BiO2 formula only affected to the plant height, and the use of formula 1 able to increase the plant height about 13.5% compared to control treatment.

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The colonization of maize seedling roots and rhizosphere by Fusarium spp. in Mississippi in two soil types under conventional tillage and notillage systems

Phytoprotection ◽

10.7202/706203ar ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 81 (3) ◽

pp. 97-106 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

P. Soonthornpoct ◽

L.E. Trevathan ◽

D. Ingram

Keyword(s):

Dry Weight ◽

Conventional Tillage ◽

Maize Seedling ◽

Soil Types ◽

Silty Clay ◽

Maize Seedlings ◽

Planting Dates ◽

Primary Roots ◽

Seedling Roots ◽

Hybrid Maize

Pioneer 3167 hybrid maize was planted on two soil types in Mississippi on four dates annually from 1995 to 1997 and was sampled at weekly intervals beginning one week and ending 4 weeks after planting. Plots were either tilled with a do-all and rows formed in the fall or were left undisturbed until planting in the spring. Under tillage, Fusarium spp. were isolated most frequently at the earliest and latest planting dates when seedlings were sampled at 10 and 17 days. In no-tillage plots, the overall isolation frequency was lower than in conventional-tillage plots and decreased with later planting dates and sampling times. The highest Fusarium populations were found in the rhizosphere of a silt loam in conventional-tillage plots when seedlings were sampled 28 days after the second planting in 1997, compared to populations from a silty clay soil. Fusarium moniliforme, F. solani and F. oxysporum were the predominant Fusarium spp. isolated from maize seedling roots. In pathogenicity tests, F. moniliforme and F. solani produced measurable effects on maize seedlings. F. moniliforme reduced the length of primary roots and decreased the number of secondary roots, and F. solani reduced root dry weight of maize seedlings.

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Effect of exopolysaccharide-producing Azotobacter and cow manure on nutrient uptake and root-to-shoot ratio of sorghum

Jurnal Ilmiah Pertanian ◽

10.31849/jip.v17i2.5205 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 80-85

Author(s):

Reginawanti Hindersah ◽

Anny Yuniarti ◽

Hidiyah Ayu Ratna Ma’rufah

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Block Design ◽

Aggregate Stability ◽

Dry Weight ◽

P Uptake ◽

Pot Experiment ◽

Cow Manure ◽

Shoot Height ◽

Shoot Dry Weight ◽

Dual Inoculation

Nitrogen-fixing Azotobacter synthesizes exopolysaccharide, which is important among other to improve aggregate stability and hence nutrients uptake. A pot experiment has been conducted to determine the effect of exopolysaccharide-producing Azotobacter and organic matter on nitrogen, phosphor, and potassium uptake by the shoot of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench), and plant growth. The pot experiment was setup in randomized block design which test eight combination treatments of Azotobacter isolates (AS5, AS6, and AS5 + AS6) and organic matter application (with and without 20 t ha-1 of cow manure). The result showed dual inoculation of Azotobacter AS5 and AS6 inoculation combined with cow manure application increased N and P uptake. The dual inoculation treatment did not affect root length; but increased the shoot height and dry weight when accompanied by the application of cow manure. The ratio of root and shoot dry weight was not influenced by single or dual Azotobacter inoculation with or without organic matter.

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Comparative Effect of Groundnut (Arachis hypogea l.) Genotypes on Yield and N Fixation in Sudan and Northern Guinea Savannahs of Nigeria

10.36265/njss.2019.290208 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 61-67

Keyword(s):

Agricultural Research ◽

Cropping Systems ◽

Block Design ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Field Trials ◽

Yield Potential ◽

N Fixation ◽

Maize Crop ◽

Significant Interaction Effect ◽

Pod Yield

Recognition of high yielding and nitrogen (N) fixing groundnut genotypes and desegregating them in the cereal-based cropping systems common in savannah regions will enhance food security and reduce the need for high N fertilizers hence, minimize the high cost and associated environmental consequences. Field trials were conducted during the 2015 growing season at the Research Farms of Bayero University Kano (BUK) and Institute for Agricultural Research (IAR), Ahmadu Bello University, Samaru-Zaria to assess the yield potential and Biolog- ical N fixation in 15 groundnut genotypes (ICG 4729, ICGV-IS 07823, ICGV-IS 07893, ICGV-IS 07908, ICGV- SM 07539, ICGV- SM 07599, ICGV-IS 09926, ICGV-IS 09932, ICGV-IS 09992, ICGV-IS 09994, SAMNUT-21, SAMNUT-22, SAMNUT-25, KAMPALA and KWANKWAS). The groundnut genotypes and reference Maize crop (SAMMAZ 29) were planted in a randomized complete block design in three replications. N difference method was used to estimate the amount of N fixed. The parameters determined were the number of nodules, nod- ule dry weight, shoot and root dry weights, pod, and haulm yield as well as N fixation. The nodule dry weight, BNF, haulm, and pod yield were statistically significant (P<0.01) concerning genotype and location. Similarly, their interac- tion effect was also highly significant. ICGV-IS 09926 recorded the highest nod- ule dry weight of 2.07mg /plant across the locations while ICGV-IS 09932 had the highest BNF value of 140.27Kg/ha. Additionally, KAMPALA had the high- est haulm yield, while ICGV-IS 07893 had the highest pod yield across the loca- tions with a significant interaction effect. The result shows that ICGV-IS 07893 and ICGV-IS 09932, as well as ICGV-IS 09994 and SAMNUT – 22, were the best genotypes concerning BNF, haulm and pod yield in the Northern Guinea and Sudan Savannahs of Nigeria respectively with the potential for a corresponding beneficial effect.

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THE EFFECT OF SALINITY OF IRRIGATION WATER AND SPRAYING BY HUMIC ACID IN SOME OF MORPHOLOGICAL, PHYSIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES, GROWTH AND YIELD OF WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.)

Iraqi Journal of Desert Studies ◽

10.36531/ijds/20100101 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

E. K. Al-Fahdawe ◽

A. A. Al-Sumaidaie ◽

Y. K. Al-Hadithy

Keyword(s):

Humic Acid ◽

Plant Height ◽

Irrigation Water ◽

Saline Water ◽

Block Design ◽

Nitrogen Concentration ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Biological Yield ◽

Phosphorus And Potassium

A pots experiment was conducted at the Department of Biology/College of Education for Girls/University of Anbar during Autumn season of 2018-2019 to study the effect of the salinity irrigation water and spray by humic acid in some of morphological, physiological, growth and yield traits of wheat cv. IPa. The experiment was randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The first factor was assigned for irrigation by saline water at four level (S0, S1, S2 and S3), while the second factor was the foliar spraying of humic acid in three level (0.0, 1.0 and 1.5 g l-1). The results showed that there was significant reduction in plant height, vegetative dry weight, biological yield and chlorophyll leaves content when the plants were irrigated by saline water approached to 41.09 cm, 0.747 g, 0.849 g plant-1 and 38.67 SPAD, respectively at salinity level of 8.3 ds m-1 compared with the plants which irrigated by fresh water. The total carbohydrates were significantly decreased at the treatment of 8.3 ds m-1 reached 18.71 mg g-1. Spray levels humic acid achieved a significant increase in plant height, dry weight of the vegetative part, biological yield and chlorophyll leaves content sprayed at 1.0 and 1.5 g l-1 compared to no sprayed. Nitrogen concentration was significantly increased, while both phosphorus and potassium were decreased in the vegetative parts of wheat as the salinity of irrigation water increased. However, the increase of humic acid levels led to significant increasing in nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium concentration.

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Efficacy Assessment of Biosynthesized Copper Oxide Nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) on Stored Grain Insects and Their Impacts on Morphological and Physiological Traits of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Plant

Biology ◽

10.3390/biology10030233 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 233

Author(s):

Ali A. Badawy ◽

Nilly A. H. Abdelfattah ◽

Salem S. Salem ◽

Mohamed F. Awad ◽

Amr Fouda

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Copper Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Rhyzopertha Dominica ◽

Stored Grain ◽

Stabilizing Agents ◽

Cuo Nps ◽

Vis Spectroscopy ◽

Ft Ir

Herein, CuO-NPs were fabricated by harnessing metabolites of Aspergillus niger strain (G3-1) and characterized using UV–vis spectroscopy, XRD, TEM, SEM-EDX, FT-IR, and XPS. Spherical, crystallographic CuO-NPs were synthesized in sizes ranging from 14.0 to 47.4 nm, as indicated by TEM and XRD. EDX and XPS confirmed the presence of Cu and O with weight percentages of 62.96% and 22.93%, respectively, at varied bending energies. FT-IR spectra identified functional groups of metabolites that could act as reducing, capping, and stabilizing agents to the CuO-NPs. The insecticidal activity of CuO-NPs against wheat grain insects Sitophilus granarius and Rhyzopertha dominica was dose- and time-dependent. The mortality percentages due to NP treatment were 55–94.4% (S. granarius) and 70–90% (R. dominica). A botanical experiment was done in a randomized block design. Low CuO-NP concentration (50 ppm) caused significant increases in growth characteristics (shoot and root length, fresh and dry weight of shoot and root, and leaves number), photosynthetic pigments (total chlorophylls and carotenoids), and antioxidant enzymes of wheat plants. There was no significant change in carbohydrate or protein content. The use of CuO-NPs is a promising tool to control grain insects and enhance wheat growth performance.

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Genetic Dissection of Phosphorous Uptake and Utilization Efficiency Traits Using GWAS in Mungbean

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11071401 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 1401

Author(s):

Venkata Ravi Prakash Reddy ◽

Shouvik Das ◽

Harsh Kumar Dikshit ◽

Gyan Prakash Mishra ◽

Muraleedhar S. Aski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genome Wide Association Study ◽

Genotyping By Sequencing ◽

Dry Weight ◽

P Uptake ◽

Utilization Efficiency ◽

Genetic Dissection ◽

P Deficiency ◽

P Utilization ◽

P Utilization Efficiency ◽

Phosphorous Uptake

Mungbean (Vignaradiata L. Wilczek) is an early maturing legume grown predominantly in Asia for its protein-rich seeds. P deficiency can lead to several physiological disorders which ultimately result in a low grain yield in mungbean. The genetic dissection of PUpE (Puptake efficiency) and PUtE (P utilization efficiency) traits are essential for breeding mungbean varieties with a high P uptake and utilization efficiency. The study involves an association mapping panel consisting of 120 mungbean genotypes which were phenotyped for total dry weight, P concentration, total P uptake, and P utilization efficiency under low P (LP) and normal P (NP) conditions in a hydroponic system. A genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) based genome-wide association study (GWAS) approach was employed to dissect the complexity of PUpE and PUtE traits at the genetic level in mungbean. This has identified 116 SNPs in 61 protein-coding genes and of these, 16 have been found to enhance phosphorous uptake and utilization efficiency in mungbeans. We identified six genes with a high expression (VRADI01G04370, VRADI05G20860, VRADI06G12490, VRADI08G20910, VRADI08G00070 and VRADI09G09030) in root, shoot apical meristem and leaf, indicating their role in the regulation of P uptake and utilization efficiency in mungbean. The SNPs present in three genes have also been validated using a Sanger sequencing approach.

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Biochemical activity and bioassay on maize seedling of selected indigenous phosphate-solubilizing bacteria isolated from the acid soil ecosystem

Open Agriculture ◽

10.1515/opag-2020-0036 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 300-304

Author(s):

Betty Natalie Fitriatin ◽

Dita Fauziah ◽

Fabira Nur Fitriani ◽

Dewi Nurma Ningtyas ◽

Pujawati Suryatmana ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acid Soil ◽

Block Design ◽

Maize Seedling ◽

P Availability ◽

Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria ◽

Soil Ecosystem ◽

Maize Productivity ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Phosphate Solubilizing ◽

Microbial Fertilizers

AbstractPhosphorus availability is the major constraint for plant growth in the acid soil ecosystem, due to high fixation by Al and Fe. Microbial fertilizers such as phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) can increase P availability in soils for root uptake. The objective of the research was to verify the ability of four isolates of PSB isolated from acid soil to solubilize unavailable inorganic phosphate, produce phosphatase, malic acid and indole acetic acid (IAA), as well as increase plant height of maize seedling. The bioassay by growing maize seedling in liquid nutrients has been performed to study the response of seedling to PSB inoculation. The experimental design of bioassay was a randomized block design with five replications. The results showed that the isolates RR 1 and SPR 4 had a relatively high solubilizing index. Moreover, all the PSB isolates had the ability to produce phosphatase and IAA and dissolve P. The performance of PSB-inoculated seedling was better visually and the root length was increased by 66.7–74.5% compared to the control. This result concludes that the species of four isolates needs to be identified by a biomolecular method and formulated as biofertilizers for increasing the maize productivity in the acid soil ecosystem.

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