Finding Women in the State
This first book engendering the PRC high politics narrates a hidden history of socialist state formation in which feminists in the CCP operated in a politics of concealment in order to enact their feminist visions of a socialist stateand to launch a feminist revolutiontransforming a patriarchal culture. Analyzing archival sourcesand interviews with a double-lens of gender and class, the book illuminates a gender line of struggle in the CCP, debunks a conceptualization of a monolithic patriarchal party/state that paradoxically supported gender equality, and demonstrates state feminists’ contentions in diverse fields and fierce opposition from a male-dominated CCP leadership from the Party Central to the local government. Socialist cultural production is also examined to demonstrate how feminist leaders consciously created a new paradigm of visual representation of heroines and continued a New Culture anti-patriarchy heritage in socialist film production. The feminist endeavors in the cultural realm aiming to transform gender and class hierarchies are discussedin conjunction with an examination of the dense entanglements among those in the top echelon of the Party and an analysis of how the politicalbeing saturated withthe personal dynamics. Discussing the causes for failure of China’s socialist revolution, the book raises fundamental questions about male dominance in social movements and political revolutions that aim to pursue social justice and equality. The book also scrutinizes post-socialist knowledge production that has operated in a politics of erasure of a history of socialist state feminism.