scholarly journals Predictors of Illicit Substance Dependence Among Individuals With Alcohol Dependence

2009 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole D. Sintov ◽  
Kenneth S. Kendler ◽  
Dermot Walsh ◽  
Diana G. Patterson ◽  
Carol A. Prescott
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Substance Dependence ◽  
Illicit Substance

Standard EMDR Protocol for Alcohol and Substance Dependence Comorbid With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Four Cases With 12-Month Follow-Up

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Kullack ◽  
Jonathan Laugharne
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Substance Dependence ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress

This report begins with a summary of the literature regarding the theoretical models behind the comorbid relationship between posttraumatic stress disorder and substance use disorders and the various modified addiction protocols formulated to assist in treating these disorders. This case series outlines the effect that the standard eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) protocol had on alcohol and substance dependence for 4 patients who attended our Post Traumatic Stress Clinic in Fremantle, Western Australia, primarily for treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder. Patients were assessed for substance use disorders using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview Plus prior to, immediately after, and 12 months after completing EMDR therapy. Results indicate that the standard EMDR protocol was successful in reducing alcohol and substance use. Prior to treatment, 3 patients met criteria for alcohol dependence and 1 met criteria for substance dependence. At 12-month follow-up, 3 out of 4 clients did not meet the diagnostic criteria for current alcohol dependence or current substance dependence. The implications of these findings are discussed with reference to theories of comorbid posttraumatic stress disorder and substance use disorder and the modified EMDR protocols developed for patients with substance dependence.

Posttraumatic disorders in patients with alcohol dependence: Prevalence and integrated treatment

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 2115-2115
Author(s):  
I. Schäfer
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Dual Diagnosis ◽  
Substance Dependence ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Integrated Treatment ◽  
German Version ◽  
Seeking Safety ◽  
The Past ◽  
Promising Treatment

Over the past decade, the importance of co-occurring posttraumatic disorders in patients with substance dependence has become increasingly apparent. In clinical populations of addicted patients, about 25 to 50 percent receive a lifetime diagnosis of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). The talk will give an overview of the prevalence of PTSD and other trauma related disorders in European samples of patients with substance dependence. Moreover, data on experiences with the German version of an integrated treatment program for PTSD and substance abuse („Seeking Safety”, Najavits 2002) in N = 38 female outpatients with alcohol dependence will be reported. The results suggest that participants’ satisfaction with the content of the treatment, its structure and the session handouts was high. “Seeking Safety” therefore seems to be a promising treatment also for European patients with the dual diagnosis of PTSD and substance abuse.

Characteristics of homeless mentally ill people who lose contact with caring agencies

1994 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 160-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Marshall ◽  
Julia Nehring ◽  
Catherine Taylor ◽  
Denis Gath
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Substance Dependence ◽  
Homeless People ◽  
Consecutive Series ◽  
Care Clinic ◽  
Loss Of Contact ◽  
Alcohol Dependent

AbstractObjective: To discover whether (as predicted in the literature) loss of contact with caring agencies is related to age, substance dependence, a history of law-breaking, or a diagnosis of schizophrenia.Method: A consecutive series of 71 homeless people with mental disorders was recruited over a period of 18 months. The subjects were new referrals to psychiatrists working in a primary health care clinic for the homeless. The subjects were then followed up for a further 18 months (maximum follow up time 36 months, minimum follow up time 18 months) to determine duration of contact with Oxford services for helping the homeless (survival time).Results: Survival analyses indicated that early loss of contact with Oxford services for helping the homeless was strongly predicted by substance (mainly alcohol) dependence in the month before first attendance at the clinic (generalised Wilcoxon 15.8, p<0.001). Homeless people with mental disorders who are also alcohol dependent, were five times more likely to lose contact with caring agencies than homeless people with mental disorders who were not alcohol dependent (hazard ratio 5.05,95% confidence limits 14.9-3.0).Conclusions: Amongst homeless people with mental disorder, there appears to be an association between substance (mainly alcohol) dependence and loss of contact with caring agencies. This may be because homeless people with a dual diagnosis of mental disorder and substance dependence, tend to be more mobile than those who are not substance dependent.

scholarly journals Parental alcohol dependence, socioeconomic disadvantage and alcohol and cannabis dependence among young adults in the community

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Melchior ◽  
M. Choquet ◽  
Y. Le Strat ◽  
C. Hassler ◽  
P. Gorwood
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Intergenerational Transmission ◽  
Substance Dependence ◽  
Socioeconomic Disadvantage ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cannabis Dependence ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Parental Alcohol

AbstractWe tested the hypothesis that socioeconomic disadvantage exacerbates the intergenerational transmission of substance dependence. Among 3056 community-based young adults (18–22 years, 2007), the prevalence of alcohol dependence (WHO AUDIT, 5.8%) and cannabis dependence (DSM IV criteria, 7.3%) was doubled in the presence of combined parental alcohol dependence and socioeconomic disadvantage.

An association study revealed substantial effects of dominance, epistasis and substance dependence co-morbidity on alcohol dependence symptom count

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 1475-1485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Chen ◽  
Futao Zhang ◽  
Wenda Xue ◽  
Ruyan Wu ◽  
Haiming Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Association Study ◽  
Substance Dependence ◽  
Co Morbidity

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Mental Disorders among Serving Soldier Requiring Admission

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-17
Author(s):  
Namrata Rawal ◽  
Praswas Thapa ◽  
Yadav Bista
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Substance Dependence ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Psychiatric Ward ◽  
One Year ◽  
Army Personnel ◽  
Psychiatric Department

Introduction: Numerous studies have been done to study the psychiatric conditions in army personnel but none have been done in Nepalese army personnel. The purpose of the present study was to determine the prevalence of common mental disorders among Nepalese Army Personnel who were admitted in psychiatric ward. Methods: Retrospectively 186 case records of Nepalese Army Personnel, who received treatment at the inpatient psychiatric ward over a period of one year (15th May 2010 to 15th May 2011) , were included in this study. Descriptive analysis of their demographic data and types of psychiatric disorders was done using SPSS v16. Results: Among the 186 patients who were admitted during the study period, 184 (98.92 %) were male. The most common age range was 21-30 years (70.43%). The prevalence of the first ten rank of mental disorders among Nepalese Army Personnel were  Major Depression (25.27%), Alcohol dependence (22.58%), Schizophrenia (14.67%), Bipolar disorder (8.6%), Anxiety disorder(6.52%), Substance induced psychotic disorder(4.35%), Schizoaffective disorder(3.26%), Deliberate self harm (2.72%), Malingering(2.72%) and Poly substance dependence (2.72). Conclusions: The most common prevalence of mental disorders among inpatient of Nepalese Army Personnel in psychiatric department in the year 2010-11 were Major depressive disorder, Alcohol dependence and Schizophrenia.Medical Journal of Shree Birendra Hospital; July-December 2012/vol.11/Issue2/14-17 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/mjsbh.v11i2.7902 

Self-injurious behavior among Greek male prisoners: Prevalence and risk factors

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.I. Sakelliadis ◽  
S.A. Papadodima ◽  
T.N. Sergentanis ◽  
O. Giotakos ◽  
C.A. Spiliopoulou
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Psychiatric Condition ◽  
Illicit Substance ◽  
Illicit Substance Use ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Independent Risk Factors ◽  
Male Prisoners

AbstractBackgroundSelf-harm among prisoners is a common phenomenon. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of self-injurious behavior (SIB) among Greek male prisoners, record their motives and determine independent risk factors.MethodsA self-administered, anonymous questionnaire was administered to 173 male prisoners in the Chalkida prison, Greece. The questionnaire included items on self-harm/SIB, demographic parameters, childhood history, family history, physical and mental disease, lifestyle and smoking habits, alcohol dependence (CAGE questionnaire), illicit substance use, aggression (Buss–Perry Aggression Questionnaire [BPAQ] and Lifetime History of Aggression [LTHA]), impulsivity (Barrat Impulsivity Scale-11) and suicidal ideation (Spectrum of Suicidal Behavior Scale). Univariate nonparametric statistics and multivariate ordinal logistic regression were performed.ResultsOf all the participants, 49.4% (95% CI: 41.5–57.3%) disclosed self-harm (direct or indirect). The prevalence of SIB was equal to 34.8% (95% CI: 27.5–42.6%). Most frequently, SIB coexisted with indirect self-harm (80.7%). The most common underlying motives were to obtain emotional release (31.6%) and to release anger (21.1%). At the univariate analysis, SIB was positively associated with a host of closely related factors: low education, physical/sexual abuse in childhood, parental neglect, parental divorce, alcoholism in family, psychiatric condition in family, recidivism, age, sentence already served, impulsivity, aggression, alcohol dependence, self-reported diagnosed psychiatric condition and illicit substance use. Childhood variables were particularly associated with the presence of diagnosed psychiatric condition. At the multivariate analysis, however, only three parameters were proven independent risk factors: self-reported diagnosed psychiatric condition, illicit substance use and aggression (BPAQ scale).ConclusionThe prevalence of SIB is particularly high. Psychiatric condition, illicit substance use and aggression seem to be the most meaningful risk factors; childhood events seem only to act indirectly.

scholarly journals Persistent Cannabis Dependence and Alcohol Dependence Represent Risks for Midlife Economic and Social Problems

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 1028-1046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Cerdá ◽  
Terrie E. Moffitt ◽  
Madeline H. Meier ◽  
HonaLee Harrington ◽  
Renate Houts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
Substance Dependence ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Relationship Conflict ◽  
Achievement Orientation ◽  
Socioeconomic Mobility ◽  
Cannabis Dependence ◽  
Criminal Convictions ◽  
Financial Difficulties

With the increasing legalization of cannabis, understanding the consequences of cannabis use is particularly timely. We examined the association between cannabis use and dependence, prospectively assessed between ages 18 and 38, and economic and social problems at age 38. We studied participants in the Dunedin Longitudinal Study, a cohort ( N = 1,037) followed from birth to age 38. Study members with regular cannabis use and persistent dependence experienced downward socioeconomic mobility, more financial difficulties, workplace problems, and relationship conflict in early midlife. Cannabis dependence was not linked to traffic-related convictions. Associations were not explained by socioeconomic adversity, childhood psychopathology, achievement orientation, or family structure; cannabis-related criminal convictions; early onset of cannabis dependence; or comorbid substance dependence. Cannabis dependence was associated with more financial difficulties than was alcohol dependence; no difference was found in risks for other economic or social problems. Cannabis dependence is not associated with fewer harmful economic and social problems than alcohol dependence.

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