scholarly journals Changes of Phenolic Contents and Antioxidant Activity in Soybean Seeds Harvested from Phakopsora pachyrhizi Infected Crops

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 369-378
Author(s):  
Eriyanto Yusnawan ◽  
Novita Nugrahaeni ◽  
Joko Susilo Utomo
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Total Flavonoid ◽  
Soybean Rust ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Phakopsora Pachyrhizi ◽  
Rust Infection ◽  
Phenolic Contents

Asian soybean rust caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi is one of the most destructive foliar diseases on soybean. Severe infection of this disease causes early defoliation and reduces the yield. To determine the response of soybean genotypes to this disease and the changes of metabolites in seeds, a greenhouse study was conducted using eight Indonesian soybean cultivars, i.e. Malabar, Wilis, Ringgit, Pangrango, Argomulyo, Grobogan, Dena 1, and Dena 2. The experiment was arranged in a randomized completely block design and repeated three times. The soybean crops were inoculated with the pathogen and another set was not inoculated. Infection of P. pachyrhizi reduced fresh biomass, seed weight per plant, and weight of 100 seeds. However, total flavonoid contents in seeds increased from 12 to 50% in all infected genotypes. The increase of daidzein from 27 to 67% in seeds was observed, except for Malabar and Argomulyo . The increase of genistein was genotypic dependence. The increase of total phenolic contents as well as antioxidant activity was also depending on the genotypes. P. pachyrhizi could be one of the biotic elicitors to increase total flavonoid contents in soybean seeds. Dena 1 less suffered from the rust infection as represented by the least pustule number, less reduction in seed weight and weight of 100 seeds. Secondary metabolites particularly phenolics and isoflavones in seeds of this cultivar increased significantly after the rust infection. This cultivar could be considered as an alternative tolerant genotype where cultivated area is favorable for soybean rust infection.

scholarly journals Fruit Morphology, Antioxidant Activity, Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Contents of Salacca zalacca (Gaertner) Voss by Applications of Goat Manures and Bacillus velezensis B-27

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 270
Author(s):  
Haviah Hafidhotul Ilmiah ◽  
Endang Sulistyaningsih ◽  
Tri Joko
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Aluminium Chloride ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Fruit Morphology ◽  
Bacillus Velezensis ◽  
Fruit Length ◽  
Phenolic Contents ◽  
Goat Manure ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid

<p>Snake fruit (<em>Salacca zalacca</em> (Gaertner) Voss) is one of indigenous fruits from Southeast Asia that has been consumed for its antioxidant contents. Improving the fruit quality might increase its benefits for human health. This study aims to analyze fruit morphology, antioxidant activity, total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the fruit applied with goat manures and <em>Bacillus velezensis </em>B-27. The research used two-factor Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three blocks as replications. The first factor is the level of goat manure application i.e. 0 kg plant<sup>-1</sup>, 5 kg plant<sup>-1</sup> and 10 kg plant<sup>-1</sup>, while the second factor is the bacteria application i.e. applied with <em>Bacillus velezensis </em>B-27 and without<em> Bacillus velezensis </em>B-27. The research was conducted in June until December 2019 at Turi, Sleman, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Fruit length, diameter and shape were measured as morphology parameters. Antioxidant activities were measured using 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, whereas flavonoid and phenolic contents were determined by the aluminium-chloride colorimetric and Folin-Ciocalteu methods, respectively. Means of each parameter were analyzed using ANOVA, continued with the Tukey’s HSD test at a 5% significance level. The result showed that the application of 10 kg goat manure per plant with bacteria increased the fruit length (76.78 mm) and the diameter (62.72 mm). Addition of 10 kg goat manure per-plant combined with <em>Bacillus velezensis </em>B-27 gave the highest antioxidant (IC50 of 37.83 µg.mL<sup>-1</sup>), flavonoid (5.35 mgGAE.100 g<sup>-1</sup>) and total phenolic contents (44 mgQE.100 g<sup>-1</sup>).</p>

PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING, TOTAL PHENOLIC AND TOTAL FLAVONOID CONTENT, AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF DIFFERENT PARTS OF Melastoma malabathricum

2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suleiman Danladi ◽  
Amirah Wan-Azemin ◽  
Yahaya Najib Sani ◽  
Khamsah Suryati Mohd ◽  
Mahadeva Rao US ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Flavonoid ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Phenolic Contents ◽  
Melastoma Malabathricum ◽  
Different Parts

Melastoma malabathricum Linn. commonly known as ‘senduduk’ in Malaysia, belongs to Melastomataceae family. The study was carried out to screen the phytochemicals present in methanol extract of leaf, flower, fruit, and stem and to evaluate the antioxidant activity, total flavonoid and total phenolic contents of these different parts. Phytochemical screening showed that all parts of this plant contained tannins, steroids, phenols and flavonoids. The flower extract was found to have highest total phenolic whereas the leaf demonstrated the highest flavonoid content followed by flower. The results of antioxidant activity from the DPPH assay showed that the flower has the highest radical scavenging activity comparable to quercetin standard while stem showed the lowest activity. The higher content of total phenolics, flavonoids and antioxidant capacity of flower suggests the possibility of its incorporation and exclusion of stem in M. malabathricum preparations for development of newer effective drugs.

scholarly journals Correlation Analysis of Antioxidant Activities with Tannin, Total Flavonoid, and Total Phenolic Contents of Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt) Fruit Precipitated by Egg white

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 301-310
Author(s):  
Irma Antasionasti ◽  
Olvie Syenni Datu ◽  
Utami Sasmita Lestari ◽  
Surya Sumantri Abdullah ◽  
Imam Jayanto
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Egg White ◽  
Total Flavonoid ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Stable Free Radical ◽  
Phenolic Contents ◽  
Total Phenolic Contents ◽  
Myristica Fragrans

The nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) flesh extract has a strong antioxidant activity. Therefore, M. fragrans flesh can be developed for functional drinks which are sources rich in antioxidants good for the prevention and treatment of diseases such as cancer and cardiovascular diseases. However, the tannins' content can cause a bitter and sour taste. Therefore, the tannins content should be reduced by the addition of egg white. The purpose of this study is to find out the comparison of antioxidant activity between a combination of M. fragrans flesh extract with various concentrations of egg white and to correlate its antioxidant activities with tannin, total flavonoid, and total phenolic contents. The antioxidant activities were conducted on M. fragrans flesh extract by using DPPH and ABTS radicals. Tannin, total flavonoid, and total phenolic contents from M. fragrans flesh extract were also tested. The M. fragrans flesh extracts without addition egg white have a strong antioxidant in scavenging the stable free radical ABTS (89.980±0.480 µg/mL) and intermediate antioxidant in scavenging the stable free radical DPPH (105.669±0.102 µg/mL). It is followed accordingly by tannin, total flavonoid, and total phenolic contents, namely 14.034±0.100 %w/w TAE, 26.929±0.129 %w/w QE, and 53.164±0.129 %w/w GAE, respectively. Correlation of tannin, total flavonoid, and total phenolic contents, which inhibited DPPH and ABTS radicals had R2 values of about 89.23-97.63%. It showed that antioxidant activity is strongly influenced by the tannin, total flavonoid, and total phenolic contents. Therefore, precipitation from the tannin-protein bond caused antioxidant activities were decreased.

scholarly journals Antioxidant, Antimicrobial Activity and Toxicity Test ofPilea microphylla

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Modarresi Chahardehi ◽  
Darah Ibrahim ◽  
Shaida Fariza Sulaiman
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Toxicity Test ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Total Flavonoid ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phenolic Contents ◽  
Total Phenolic Contents

A total of 9 plant extracts were tested, using two different kinds of extracting methods to evaluate the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities fromPilea microphylla(Urticaceae family) and including toxicity test. Antioxidant activity were tested by using DPPH free radical scavenging, also total phenolic contents and total flavonoid contents were determined. Toxicity assay carried out by using brine shrimps. Methanol extract of method I (ME I) showed the highest antioxidant activity at69.51±1.03. Chloroform extract of method I (CE I) showed the highest total phenolic contents at72.10±0.71and chloroform extract of method II (CE II) showed the highest total flavonoid contents at60.14±0.33. The antimicrobial activity ofPilea microphyllaextract was tested in vitro by using disc diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). ThePilea microphyllaextract showed antibacterial activity against some Gram negative and positive bacteria. The extracts did not exhibit antifungal and antiyeast activity. The hexane extract of method I (HE I) was not toxic against brine shrimp (LC50 value was 3880 μg/ml). Therefore, the extracts could be suitable as antimicrobial and antioxidative agents in food industry.

scholarly journals Total Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activity of Mung bean Seed Cultivars from Optimized Extraction Treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Eriyanto Yusnawan ◽  
Sutrisno Sutrisno ◽  
Afandi Kristiono
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Mung Bean ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Total Flavonoid ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Flavonoids ◽  
Phenolic Contents ◽  
Simple Extraction ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
Extraction Treatment

Secondary metabolites are produced by plants both during normal growth and under biotic and abiotic stresses. Apart from genetic and environmental factors, the secondary metabolite contents are also influenced by analytical methods. The aims of this study were to obtain suitable solvents and extraction treatments which produced high total flavonoid and phenolic contents as well as antioxidant activity in shiny and dull green mung beans. An extraction of 0.5 g sample with grade 80 mesh in 70% acetone was selected to estimate the contents of total flavonoids and phenolics. A treatment of shaking the sample in 70% acetone (1:10 w/v) for 2 h and followed by 18 h of maceration with twice extractions showed the highest amounts of flavonoid as well as phenolic contents. Total flavonoid and phenolic contents of 14 mung bean cultivars ranged from 1.28 to 2.35 mg CE/g and 3.74 to 6.58 mg GAE/g, respectively. Antioxidant activity represented by percentage of DPPH inhibition varied from 66.8 to 91.5%. A dull green mung bean cultivar Vima 1 had the highest total flavonoid and phenolic contents (2.35 mg CE/g and 6.58 mg GAE/g). Antioxidant activity of Vima 1 cultivar (91.5%) was not different from those of Perkutut (91.5%), Murai (90.1%) and Sriti (88.9%). The small quantity of sample (0.5 g) combined with the simple extraction treatment was effective in quantifying the different contents of total flavonoids and phenolics in mung bean seeds. <br /><br />

scholarly journals Evaluation of Total Phenolic, Total Flavonoid Content And Antioxidant Activity of Rhus Vulgaris

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aderaw Anteneh Belew ◽  
Getachew G/Mariam W/Hana ◽  
Desta Shumuye Meshesha ◽  
Mulugeta Legese Akele
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Flavonoid ◽  
Free Radical Scavengers ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phenolic Contents

Abstract Background: Rhus vulgaris is rich in various classes of polyphenols and flavonoids that act as free radical scavengers and reduce oxidative stress and cure various harmful human diseases. The plant is a traditionally known medicinal plant which is used against a number of diseases including cancer. Methods: The current investigation points towards the investigating quantitative phenolic contents, flavonoid contents and the free radical scavenging activity & antioxidant activity of Rhus vulgaris extract in n-hexane, acetone, and 80% of aqueous methanol. The phenolic contents were estimated by Folin–Ciocalteu procedure and gallic acid as a reference molecule whereas the total flavonoid contents were determined by using aluminum chloride and catechin. In addition, the dilution serial method was used to evaluate the leaves extract of rhus vulgaris, and the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) method was utilized to assess the above-mentioned extracts against oxidative stress. Results: The result revealed that the ranges of total phenolic content from 5.82 ± 4.6 to 83.15 ± 7.6 mg GAE/g of the dry weight of extract, expressed as gallic acid equivalents. The total flavonoid concentrations were varied from 2.21 ± 7.34to 23.47 ± 4.87 mg CE/g, expressed as catechin equivalents. Antioxidant activity of extracts was expressed as the concentration of DPPH radical’s inhibition ranges from 1.2 ± 0.32 to 22.86 ± 3.71 mg AAE/ g. Conclusion: The 80% aqueous methanolic extract of Rhus vulgaris showed the highest phenolic and flavonoid contents and strong antioxidant potential and it could be used as antibiotics for different curable and incurable diseases.

scholarly journals Effects of Various Drying Methods on Selected Physical and Antioxidant Properties of Extracts from Moringa oliefera Leaf Waste

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (20) ◽  
pp. 8586
Author(s):  
Ade Chandra Iwansyah ◽  
Tran Dinh Manh ◽  
Yusuf Andriana ◽  
Muhammad Aiman bin Hessan ◽  
Faridah Kormin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Total Flavonoid ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Sun Drying ◽  
Phenolic Contents ◽  
Tray Drying

This study aims to evaluate the effects of different drying methods on the physical properties, total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, and antioxidant activity of extracts from Moringa oliefera L. (MO) leaf waste. The effects of two drying techniques, namely, sun drying (A1) and tray drying (A2), on the physical and antioxidant properties of the extracts obtained using three extracting solvents, i.e., water (b1), ethanol (b2), and ethyl acetate (b3), were investigated. These extracts were analyzed for their physicochemical and antioxidant properties. The antioxidant properties were determined with the Folin Ciocalteau, aluminum chloride, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assays. Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry (FTIR) was used to identify functional groups in the active compounds. It was found that the physical properties of the MO extract, including yield, pH, total solids, and color, showed significant differences for the two drying methods (p < 0.05). The b3 extract had the highest value for total phenolic contents, total flavonoid contents, and antioxidant activities, followed by b2 and b1, respectively, for both the sun drying and tray drying methods. There was a significant correlation between the total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity (IC50). This study reveals that waste material from MO leaves could be utilized as an antioxidant agent, which is expected to reduce environmental pollution from the MO processing industry.

scholarly journals Comparative study of total phenolic content and antioxidant properties of Quercus fruit: flour and oil

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 148-155
Author(s):  
Fatima Zohra Makhlouf ◽  
Giacomo Squeo ◽  
Malika Barkat ◽  
Antonella Pasqualone ◽  
Francesco Caponio
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Quercus Ilex ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Quercus Suber ◽  
Total Flavonoid ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phenolic Contents

Aim: The current study was undertaken to determine the total phenolic and flavonoid contents and to assess the antioxidant activity of two different extracts (flour and oil) of two Algerian Quercus species, Quercus ilex L. and Quercus suber L. Methods and Material: The oil extraction of the two species was achieved using the Soxhlet method. The obtained extracts were estimated for the chemical and physical constants (acidity, peroxide value, iodine value, and ultraviolet absorption indices). Total phenolic content was measured by spectrophotometry according to the Folin-Ciocalteu procedure and calculated as gallic acid equivalents (GAE). The studied extracts were submitted to an estimation of their flavonoid contents too, using aluminum chloride methods. Antioxidant ability was assessed by means of two distinct methods (DPPH• and ABTS•+). Results: The obtained results revealed that antioxidant properties, total phenolic, and total flavonoid contents differed significantly among selected species and extracts. The flour samples possessed the highest level of total phenolic contents (1101–1464 mg GAE/kg dry weight) and exhibited the highest antioxidant capacities with average values of 52.62–40.78 μmol TE g−1 dry weight and 36.19–44.50 μmol TE g−1 dry weight for DPPH and ABTS assays, respectively. Acorn oil extracts showed also remarkable antioxidant activity, up to 2.69 and 3.23 μmol TE g−1 oil (DPPH and ABTS test, respectively), even though the total phenolic contents were low (195.64–322.06 mg GAE /kg of oil). Total phenolic amounts were positively correlated with the antioxidant properties of Quercus flour and oil. Conclusions: Our study provides basic information on the presence of bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity in acorn fruits, in order to consider their extracts as functional food ingredients and potential source of natural antioxidants. Keywords: Quercus ilex L., Quercus suber L., Total phenolic, Total flavonoid, Antioxidant activity.

scholarly journals Effect of different nutraceuticals on phytochemical and mineral composition as well as medicinal properties of home made mixed vegetable pickles.

Food Biology ◽  
1970 ◽  
pp. 24-27
Author(s):  
Qamar Ul Hassan ◽  
Raja Adil Sarfraz
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Total Flavonoid ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phenolic Contents ◽  
Total Phenolic Contents ◽  
Plant Powders ◽  
Medicinal Properties

The present study was carried out to check the effect of different nutraceuticals on antioxidant activity, total phenolic contents, total flavonoid contents, antidiabetic activity, sensory evaluation and heavy metals of mixed vegetable pickles. The results were indicated that the P3 pickle sample which contained six medicinal plant powders showed the highest antioxidant activity (87.56 ± 0.02%), total phenolic contents (77.12 ± 0.01 mg GAE/100 g), total flavonoid contents (14.67 ± 0.06 QE mg/g) and antidiabetic activity (IC50= 25.89 ± 0.07 µg/mL). The level of heavy metals was varied in all of the selected pickles but below permissible limit while according to consumer point of view all sample were accepted.

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