Bioaccumulation of Zn and 137Cs in Glauconomya virens (Linnaeus, 176) Upon Exposure to Sigle and Mixture of Zn or 137Cs and Salinity

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-208
Author(s):  
B. Budiawan ◽  
H. Suseno ◽  
M. E. Puteri ◽  
W. R. Prihatiningsih ◽  
M. Makmur
Keyword(s):  
Marine Environment ◽  
Concentration Factor ◽  
Water Concentration ◽  
The Body ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
137Cs Concentration ◽  
Elimination Process ◽  
Single Compartment ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
Depuration Process

This study aims to determine the effect of concentrations and salinity of seawater on the bioaccumulation of zinc and cesium in the Glauconomya virens. Salinity conditions and contaminant concentrations in the marine environment can change due to weather and other inputs.  A biokinetic experiment was carried out using a single compartment approach that used radiotracer 65Zn and 137Cs.  The experiments conducted were biota collection, acclimatization, bioaccumulation, and elimination. Acclimatization aims for the adaptation of biota in an experimental environment. Bioaccumulation was by placing the biota in an aquarium containing seawater media spiked by  65Zn, Zn, and 137Cs radiotracer contaminants. The elimination process was the release of contaminants from the body of the biota by placing them in clean and flowing seawater. The experimental results show that the uptake and elimination of Zn and Cs were influenced by these two parameters (water concentration and salinity). The highest value of Concentration Factor (CF) for Zn was 11.14 ml.g-1 under influences its concentration of  0.7 ppm in water.  In the depuration process, Zn maintained by G virens were  39.44; 31.17; 23.62; and 23.92% after these organisms accumulate this element from seawater containing 0.1; 0.3, 0.5, and 0.7 ppm, respectively. The highest of 137Cs  under influences its concentration of 3 Bg.ml-1 reached 2.65 mL.g-1. The effect of salinity is directly proportional to the factor value of Zn and 137Cs concentration.

THE SOURCES OF AUXIN HORMONE TO GROWTH OF SHOOT PINEAPPLE STEM CUTTING (Ananascomosus.L. Merr.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
Palupi Puspitorini
Keyword(s):  
Water Concentration ◽  
Urine Concentration ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Natural Hormone ◽  
Cow Urine ◽  
Urine Concentrations ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Better Than

The aim of this study was to select the best sources of auxin of which it can stimulate the growth of shoots Pineapple plant cuttings. This research is compiled in a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 6 replications. The Data were statistically Analyzed by the DMRT. Level of treatment given proves that no treatment 0%, cow urine concentration of 25%, young coconut water concentration of 25% and Rootone F 100 mg / cuttings. The results showed that cow urine concentrations of 25% and Rootone F 100 mg give the best results in stimulating the growth of shoots pineapple stem cuttings. Experimental results concluded that the effect of this natural hormone were better than the shoots without given hormone.           

scholarly journals DESIGNING A TEMPORARY COLD PROTECTIVE GEAR CONSTRUCTED BY FOLDING NEWSPRINT PAPER CONSIDERING HEAT-RETAINING PROPERTY AND RIGIDITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1123-1132
Author(s):  
Tatsuya Oda ◽  
Shigeru Wesugi
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disaster ◽  
Cold Season ◽  
Apex Angle ◽  
The Body ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Protective Gear ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Body Shapes

AbstractDuring the cold season, the cold protective products are often short during evacuation life after a natural disaster. If evacuees can make and wear simple cold protective gears by using materials obtainable on site, it will reduce the burden on the evacuees in emergent situation. Therefore, we investigated the structure constructed by folding newsprint paper, which can improve the heat retention effect and be applied to various body shapes. Focusing on the glide reflection structure repeating a smaller chamber, the basic size was determined by experiments with reference to the accordion shape, and the experimental results indicated that the heat retention effect was significantly greater than that of a mere air layer and those of ordinary fabrics. Next, it was found that the apex angle of structure had no significant difference in the heat retention effect. Then, the dimensions of the structure were determined to maintain the air layer under the pressure of the clothes by simulation of structural analyses. Finally, we made a temporary cold protective gear that can practically cover the trunk of the body and found that the heat retention effect was significantly higher than that of unprocessed newsprint and that of accordion shape.

Sodium Regulation in the Crayfish Astacus Fluviatilis

1960 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. W. BRYAN
Keyword(s):  
Tap Water ◽  
Sodium Concentration ◽  
The Body ◽  
Urine Sodium ◽  
Compartment System ◽  
Single Compartment ◽  
Blood And Urine Samples ◽  
Astacus Fluviatilis ◽  
Sodium Regulation ◽  
Total Sodium

1. In Bristol tap water containing 0.4 mM./l. sodium and artificial tap water containing 2 mM./l. sodium, Astacus maintains a blood sodium concentration of about 203 mM./l. This value was not markedly affected by starvation periods of up to a month. 2. Methods of taking small blood and urine samples from individual crayfish at intervals over several hundred hours have been described. 3. Under steady state conditions, curves for the uptake and loss of 22Na by the blood are described by equations derived for a one-compartment system. 4. The volume of this single compartment, which exchanges sodium with the medium, is larger than the actual blood volume by an amount roughly equivalent to the sodium in the tissues. Exchange of sodium between the blood and tissues is probably very rapid. 5. Sodium losses in the urine account for about 6% of the total sodium outflux found using 22Na. The urine sodium concentration of about 6 mM./l. was temporarily increased by conditions such as heavy feeding when the blood may have gained additional sodium. 6. Potential difference measurements across the body surface indicate that the high blood sodium concentration is maintained by active uptake of sodium.

Pressure Distribution in the Calendering of Plastic Materials

1951 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-106
Author(s):  
J. T. Bergen ◽  
G. W. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Distribution ◽  
Viscous Liquid ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Plastic Material ◽  
The Body ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Distribution Characteristics ◽  
Flow Properties ◽  
Pressure Sensitive ◽  
Plastic Materials

Abstract In the calendering, or rolling, of a plastic material in to sheet form by passing it between parallel rolls, hydrostatic pressure is exerted against the surface of the roll throughout the region of contact with the plastic mass. This pressure has been measured by means of a pressure-sensitive cylinder, inserted in the body of a 10-in-diam roll, together with high-speed oscillographic technique. The materials which were calendered consisted of a resin which exhibited flow properties characteristic of a viscous liquid, and several filled plastic compositions of commercial interest. Pressure maxima ranging up to 8000 psi were observed. Comparison of experimental results with theoretical expressions for pressure distribution, as given by several authors, indicates that the equation derived by Gaskell quite satisfactorily predicts the results for the case of the viscous liquid. The commercial plastics were found to exhibit pressure-distribution characteristics which were perceptibly different from those of the viscous liquid. Certain limitations of Gaskell’s treatment of nonviscous materials prevent its application to these experimental results.

A Note on the Resistance of Bodies of Revolution and Ship Forms

1974 ◽  
Vol 18 (03) ◽  
pp. 153-168
Author(s):  
N. Matheson ◽  
P. N. Joubert
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Reasonable Agreement ◽  
The Body ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Body Of Revolution ◽  
Bodies Of Revolution ◽  
Boundary Layer Development ◽  
Layer Development

A simple so-called 'equivalent' body of revolution is proposed for reflex ship forms in an attempt to simplify calculation of the boundary layer over a ship's hull when there is no wavemaking. How­ever, exhaustive testing of one body of revolution did not produce a favorable comparison with re­sults for the corresponding reflex model. Gadd's recently proposed theory was used to calculate the boundary-layer development over the body of revolution. Reasonable agreement was obtained between the calculated and experimental results.

Nonlinear dynamics of flexible links in planar parallel robots using a new beam element

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 475-489
Author(s):  
Mahdi Sharifnia
Keyword(s):  
Slope Angle ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Parallel Robot ◽  
Beam Element ◽  
Parallel Robots ◽  
The Body ◽  
Inverse Dynamic ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
Euler Bernoulli Beam ◽  
Similar Elements

In the present research, a previously presented beam element in planar static problems is extended to planar dynamic problems. As investigated in the previous work of the author, formulation of the presented Euler–Bernoulli beam element is simpler and the beam element more efficient than similar elements in large deflection problems. In the present element, the main idea is estimating the dimensions of the body in the deformed configuration, instead of estimating its absolute or relative positions. Therefore, two parameters, the length and slope angle of the beam centroid curve, are selected to be estimated by interpolating polynomials. To verify the efficiency of the element, obtained results for the flexible pendulum are compared with previous works. Because of the simple and efficient formulation of the element, it can be efficiently used for dynamic analysis of planar flexible linkages, and especially in flexible parallel robots, which are the main aims of the present research. Finally, the inverse dynamic of the flexible 3-RRR parallel robot is presented.

scholarly journals Objective assessment for characterising the flatness of garment sewing stitches

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 110-117
Author(s):  
Jiang Hongxia ◽  
Liu Jihong ◽  
Chai Zhilei ◽  
Wang Chunxia ◽  
Zhang Mingxia
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Empirical Mode Decomposition ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Window Size ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Classification Method ◽  
Average Area ◽  
Mode Decomposition ◽  
Two Parameters

Abstract In this paper, a novel classification method of assessing garment sewing stitch based on amended bi-dimensional empirical mode decomposition (ABEMD) has been introduced. Two parameters that characterise garment sewing stitch, average area and standard deviation, have been defined based on the grey value of pixels. Experimental results showed that when the window size is 512×128 pixels with regard to average area, the threshold can be decided as 6.00, 5.50, 5.30 and 4.00 for five different grades , respectively. Meanwhile, with regard to standard deviation, the threshold can be decided as 48.00, 40.00, 30.00 and 20.00, respectively. It is demonstrated that the parameters are effective in discriminating sewing stitch images in terms of the grades when used as inputs for the ABEMD. The performance of the algorithm on different garment status is significantly reliable.

scholarly journals Physical and numerical analysis of the front of a gravity current on a horizontal bottom

1998 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 289-295
Author(s):  
Mohamed Naaim ◽  
Thierry Pellarin
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Model ◽  
Stokes Equations ◽  
Gravity Current ◽  
Processing System ◽  
The Body ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Navier Stokes Equations ◽  
Experimental Approaches ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
Two Stages

In this paper, numerical and experimental approaches are applied to analyse the dynamics of the front of a gravity current. This study focused on two parameters: internal density and velocity fields. The salt concentration was determined by a potentiometric process. The internal velocities were determined using an optical device and an image-processing system. The structure of the head of the gravity current was analysed. Its density was measured and two stages of evolution were observed. This analysis allows us to coufirm the existence of two important stages. Forxf<xs, where the dynamics depend on the initial condition, the flow consists of a head and body and the front density is constant. Forxf>xs, we show that the density of the front decreases and evolves towards the Hallworth and others (1993) law. From a comparison between the experiments and the numerical model, we show that the numerical model, which is based on Navier–Stokes equations and on thek−Lturbulence model (whereLis the height of the gravity current), can predict well flow in the slump regime and in the inertia–buoyancy regime with smoothed results in the transition from the head to the body of the gravity current.

Design of Monitoring System Used in Sink-Float Safety Device for Marine Engineering Equipment

2013 ◽  
Vol 475-476 ◽  
pp. 635-638
Author(s):  
Zi Yue Wu ◽  
Jie Qi ◽  
Chen Nan Xue
Keyword(s):  
Data Management ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Marine Environment ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Software Architectures ◽  
Safety Device ◽  
Engineering Equipment ◽  
The Core ◽  
Marine Engineering

A monitoring system used in marine sink-float safety device is introduced. The ARM Cortex-M3 is the core of microcontroller in this system, and the hardware and software architectures of the monitoring system are designed. The designed monitoring system can multi-point monitor marine environment around sink-float safety device, by doing this, the safety device can take marine equipment to escape from harsh marine environment by submerging a certain depth. So we can make sure marine equipment safe and normal. The experimental results show that the sink-float safety device can work normally in the harsh marine environment with the monitoring system. The acquisition of multi-point environment monitor as well as data management is achieved effectively. The reliability and safety of equipment are guaranteed by the sink-float safety device.

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