Effects of extreme hyperinsulinaemia on serum levels of trace metals, trace metal binding proteins, and electrolytes in normal females

1987 ◽  
Vol 114 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
John E. Nestler ◽  
John N. Clore ◽  
Mark L. Failla ◽  
William G. Blackard
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Trace Metal ◽  
Metal Binding ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Serum Iron ◽  
Binding Proteins ◽  
Insulin Infusion ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Serum Samples

Abstract. In order to assess the possible effects of insulin on serum concentrations of trace metals (iron, copper, zinc) and trace metal binding proteins (ferritin, transferrin, coeruloplasmin), five normal females were studied with the hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic clamp technique. A 0.1 U/kg insulin bolus was administered, followed by an insulin infusion at a rate of 10 mU/kg/min for 12–16 h. Insulin levels of 1500–2000 μU/ml (9.21– 12.28 nmol/l) were attained. When iron levels in serum were assayed colorimetrically, there appeared to be a progressive rise in the mean concentration during the course of the insulin infusion. Direct analysis of serum samples by atomic absorption spectrophotometry also showed that the level of non-haeme iron increased 3-fold in the serum of the subject with the lowest concentration of this metal at the start of the study. In contrast with the results for serum iron, the levels of ferritin, total iron binding capacity (transferrin), zinc, copper and coeruloplasmin were not altered in any subject during the insulin infusion or at 24 h following discontinuation of the infusion. Within 4 h of institution of the hyperinsulinaemic clamp significant reductions in serum levels of potassium, phosphorus, cholesterol, total protein and albumin were noted. As the insulin infusion progressed, the urea nitrogen, uric acid and bicarbonate levels fell as well. These observations suggest that supraphysiologic hyperinsulinaemia of 12–16 h duration may alter serum levels of iron, but not serum levels of zinc, copper or trace metal binding proteins in some individuals. The mechanism(s) responsible for the rise in mean serum iron, the reductions in serum total protein and albumin, and for the development of a non-anion gap acidosis remain unclear.

scholarly journals Metal Binding and Sources of Humic Substances in Recent Sediments from the Cananéia-Iguape Estuarine-Lagoon Complex (South-Eastern Brazil)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 8466
Author(s):  
Christian Millo ◽  
Carlo Bravo ◽  
Stefano Covelli ◽  
Elena Pavoni ◽  
Elisa Petranich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Trace Metals ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Humic Acids ◽  
Metal Binding ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Stable Carbon Isotope ◽  
Fulvic Acids ◽  
Freshwater Environment ◽  
Estuarine Lagoon

The Cananéia-Iguape estuarine–lagoon complex (São Paulo state, Brazil) is a natural laboratory to study metal binding by humic substances (HS) in subtropical settings. This transitional environment is evolving into a freshwater environment due to water input from the Ribeira River, funneled through the Valo Grande Canal (Iguape). Past mining activities in the Ribeira River basin and maritime traffic are suspected to be potential sources of trace metals in the system. In this study, the trace metal contents of Free Humic Acids (FHA), Bound Humic Acids (BHA), and Fulvic Acids (FA) extracted from sedimentary organic matter were investigated. Moreover, the sources of HS were traced using their stable carbon isotope compositions and C/N ratios. The results suggested a mixed marine–terrestrial source of FHA, BHA, and FA. Copper and Cr were the most abundant trace metals bound to HS. On average, Cu showed concentrations of 176, 115, and 37.9 μg g−1 in FHA, BHA, and FA, respectively, whereas Cr showed average concentrations of 47.4, 86.3, and 43.9 μg g−1 in FHA, BHA, and FA, respectively. Marine FHA showed the highest binding capacity for trace metals, whereas terrestrial FA derived from the decay of mangrove organic matter showed the lowest binding capacity.

scholarly journals Role of MMP 9 in the diagnosis and management of pulmonary tuberculosis and its association with nutritional status

Biomedicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-41
Author(s):  
Aishwarya G. Warrier ◽  
Reshma Kumarchandra ◽  
Kuthethur Sudha ◽  
Bhat B. Jayashree ◽  
Yalla Durgarao
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Serum Iron ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Recovery Phase ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Tissue Remodelling ◽  
Pulmonary Tissue

Introductionand Aim: Etiopathogenesis of Pulmonary tuberculosis(PTB), is well established. Yet, the mechanisms by which a treatment regimen brings about remodelling of the pulmonary tissue during recovery phase is not well understood. The involvement of matrix metalloproteinase in this regard is debated, due to its dual role, either in disseminating the disease due to lung cavitation or reducing the inflammation due to recruitment of macrophages to the lung granulomas. PTB is a disease also driven by undernourishment.This study focuses on the association of nutritional status of PTB patients in restoring healthy lung tissue, monitored by blood levels of albumin, iron and MMP9, during the course of intensive treatment. Materials and Methods: Serum levels of MMP9, iron, Total protein and albumin were estimated in 30 PTB patients who visited the Directly Observed Treatment Short course (DOTS) Centre at Government Wenlock Hospital, Mangalore, Karnataka,India. Twenty controls were enrolled for comparative statistics. Samples were collected at baseline and after two months of DOTS treatment in case of patients.Pre-treatment and post treatment values were compared by paired t test.Student’s ‘t’ test was used for comparing parameters in controls and patients. Correlation between parameters was done by Pearson’s correlation test.   Results: A significant increase was observed in serum iron (P=0.002) and total protein(P=0.01) levels post treatment but there was no significance in the levels of MMP9. Further, serum MMP9 correlatednegatively with body weight, BMI and serum total protein levels, post treatment, which was statistically significant. No other correlations were significant. Conclusion: We conclude that MMP9 neither seems to be a diagnostic marker nor a therapeutic target in the treatment of tuberculosis. Although serum iron appears to be a predictor of improved nutritional status post treatment, it probably may have a role in tissue remodelling independent of MMP-9.

Binding proteins from fish sera and intrinsic factor compared in vitamin B12 radioassay.

1977 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 2043-2047 ◽  
Author(s):  
D S Ithakissios ◽  
D O Kubiatowicz ◽  
D C Windorski ◽  
J H Wicks
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Human Serum ◽  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Binding Proteins ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Intrinsic Factor ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Binding Characteristics

Abstract We compare serum proteins from rainbow trout, chinook salmon, coho salmon, and oyster toadfish with intrinsic factor as binding proteins in a simplified radioassay for B12. Regression analysis of B12 values, determined in 21 serum samples, shows good correlation (r greater than .975) between results for the fish sera and intrinsic factor. The accuracy of the five assays, as evaluated by analytical recovery of B12 added to pooled human serum, ranges from 90 to 110%. Intra-assay precision ranges from 2.6% for coho salmon serum to 5.5% for intrinsic factor, Ionic strength and variations in pH influence binding of [57Co]vit B12 to the fish sera. Maximum binding occurs from pH 6 to 10 at an ionic strength of 0.1 for all sera. The sera are stable for longer than two years when stored at -20 degrees C. Important advantages of fish sera are their high binding capacity (typical assay dilutions range from 1500-fold for trout serum to more than 50 000-fold for chinook salmon); high affinity for B12 (K greater than 10(12) liter/mol); their relative constant binding characteristics as compared to commercial intrinsic factor preparations; and the finding that the accuracy of radioassays with use of fish sera is not significantly affected by the amount of B12 or human serum proteins present.

Influence of exhaustive aerobic exercise on some cytokines and serum iron parameters in canine experimental model

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Dzhelebov ◽  
D. Gundasheva ◽  
M. Andonova ◽  
V. Tsoneva ◽  
P. Marutsov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Iron ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Transferrin Saturation ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Exhaustive Exercise ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Factor Α

The aim of the experiment was to study the effect of exhaustive exercise on some cytokines and iron status parameters. We used 12 male, mongrel dogs divided into two groups – animals from experimental group were submitted to exercise at moderate intensity with exhaustion as the end-point; animals from control group did no exercise. Serum levels of tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), hepcidin prohormone, serum iron (SI), total iron binding capacity (TIBC) and transferrin saturation (TS) were measured before exercise (BE), right after exercise (0 hour) and on 2, 4, 24, 48 and 72 hours after exercise. SI, TIBC and TS were measured also on day 7 and 14 after exercise. Serum levels of TNF-α increased after the exhaustive exercise. Serum levels of IL-6 demonstrated an increase at 0 hour, but increase was not statistically significant compared to BE level. Serum levels of hepcidin prohormone marked a slight increase 48 hours after the exercise, but change was insignificant. Levels of SI decreased on hour 72 (P<0.01) and on day 7 (P<0.01) and 14 (P<0.05) after the exercise, as compared to BE level. Similar were changes in TS. TIBC decreased on 4, 24 and 72 hours (P<0.05) after exercise, but only compared to control group. In conclusion, exhaustive exercise causes inflammatory response and a significant decrease in SI levels.

Trace metals in cyanobacterial mats, phytoplankton and sediments of the Lake Vanda region, Antarctica

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.G. Webster-Brown ◽  
K.S. Webster
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Trace Metal ◽  
Metal Binding ◽  
Metal Content ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Particulate Material ◽  
Cyanobacterial Mats ◽  
Trace Metal Content ◽  
Sediment Particles

AbstractThe degree and nature of association between trace metals (Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni, Ag, & Cd) and cyanobacterial mats, phytoplankton and sediments has been assessed in the Lake Vanda region of the Wright Valley, Victoria Land. Trace metal:Fe ratios and SEM imaging confirmed that apparent trace metal enrichment in cyanobacterial mats, relative to the sediment beneath, was due to incorporation of fine (sub-micron) sediment particles in the muciligenous matrix of the mat. In suspended particulate material (SPM) filtered from the oxic water of Lake Vanda and the Onyx River, the degree of trace metal binding to the SPM did not appear to correlate with phytoplankton content. Instead a positive correlation was observed between Fe and trace metal content. The SPM at the top of the lake water column, where only the finest sediment remains suspended, had the highest trace metal concentrations. It is concluded that the trace metal content of cyanobacterial mats and phytoplankton samples is primarily due to incorporation of fine sediment particles of high surface area which therefore enhance trace metal adsorption capacity. This reinforces the existing hypothesis that trace metal solubility in this environment is primarily controlled by abiotic processes.

scholarly journals Reassessing the Role of the Active TGF-β1 as a Biomarker in Systemic Sclerosis: Association of Serum Levels with Clinical Manifestations

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andréa Tavares Dantas ◽  
Sayonara Maria Calado Gonçalves ◽  
Anderson Rodrigues de Almeida ◽  
Rafaela Silva Guimarães Gonçalves ◽  
Maria Clara Pinheiro Duarte Sampaio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Sclerosis ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Vascular Involvement ◽  
Digital Ulcers ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Pbmc Culture ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Skin Biopsies

Objective. To determine active TGF-β1 (aTGF-β1) levels in serum, skin, and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) culture supernatants and to understand their associations with clinical parameters in systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients.Methods. We evaluated serum samples from 56 SSc patients and 24 healthy controls (HC). In 20 SSc patients, we quantified spontaneous or anti-CD3/CD28 stimulated production of aTGF-β1 by PBMC. The aTGF-β1 levels were measured by ELISA. Skin biopsies were obtained from 13 SSc patients and six HC, and TGFB1 expression was analyzed by RT-PCR.Results. TGF-β1 serum levels were significantly higher in SSc patients than in HC (p< 0.0001). Patients with increased TGF-β1 serum levels were more likely to have diffuse subset (p= 0.02), digital ulcers (p= 0.02), lung fibrosis (p< 0.0001), positive antitopoisomerase I (p= 0.03), and higher modified Rodnan score (p= 0.046). Most of our culture supernatant samples had undetectable levels of TGF-β1. No significant difference in TGFB1 expression was observed in the SSc skin compared with HC skin.Conclusion. Raised active TGF-β1 serum levels and their association with clinical manifestations in scleroderma patients suggest that this cytokine could be a marker of fibrotic and vascular involvement in SSc.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document