Appetite-regulating hormones cortisol and peptide YY are associated with disordered eating psychopathology, independent of body mass index

ObjectiveDisordered eating occurs in women at both weight extremes of anorexia nervosa (AN) and obesity. Cortisol, peptide YY (PYY), leptin, and ghrelin are hormones involved in appetite and feeding behavior that vary with weight and body fat. Abnormal levels of these hormones have been reported in women with AN, functional hypothalamic amenorrhea (HA), and obesity. The relationship between appetite-regulating hormones and disordered eating psychopathology is unknown. We therefore studied the relationship between orexigenic and anorexigenic hormones and disordered eating psychopathology in women across a range of weights.DesignA cross-sectional study of 65 women, 18–45 years: 16 with AN, 12 normal-weight with HA, 17 overweight or obese, and 20 normal-weight in good health.MethodsTwo validated measures of disordered eating psychopathology, the Eating Disorders Examination-Questionnaire (EDE-Q) and Eating Disorders Inventory-2 (EDI-2), were administered. Fasting PYY, leptin, and ghrelin levels were measured; cortisol levels were pooled from serum samples obtained every 20 min from 2000 to 0800 h.ResultsCortisol and PYY levels were positively associated with disordered eating psychopathology including restraint, eating concerns, and body image disturbance, independent of body mass index (BMI). Although leptin levels were negatively associated with disordered eating psychopathology, these relationships were not significant after controlling for BMI. Ghrelin levels were generally not associated with EDE-Q or EDI-2 scores.ConclusionsHigher levels of cortisol and PYY are associated with disordered eating psychopathology independent of BMI in women across the weight spectrum, suggesting that abnormalities in appetite regulation may be associated with specific eating disorder pathologies.

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Leptin secretory dynamics and associated disordered eating psychopathology across the weight spectrum

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/eje-15-0875 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 174 (4) ◽

pp. 503-512 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Charumathi Baskaran ◽

Kamryn T Eddy ◽

Karen K Miller ◽

Erinne Meenaghan ◽

Madhusmita Misra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Eating Disorders ◽

Disordered Eating ◽

Body Fat ◽

Pulse Amplitude ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Percent Body Fat ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Deconvolution Analysis ◽

Eating Psychopathology ◽

Eating Disorders Examination

ObjectiveLeptin secretory dynamics across the weight spectrum and their relationship with disordered eating psychopathology have not been studied. Our objective was to compare leptin secretory dynamics in 13 anorexia nervosa (AN), 12 overweight/obese (OB) and 12 normal-weight women using deconvolution analysis.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study conducted at a tertiary referral center, serum leptin levels were obtained every 20 min from 2000 to 0800 h. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to measure percent body fat. Disordered eating psychopathology was assessed by the Eating Disorders Examination-Questionnaire (EDE-Q) and the Eating Disorders Inventory-2 (EDI-2).ResultsThe groups differed for basal leptin secretion (BASAL) (P=0.02). Mean leptin pulse amplitude, pulse mass, total pulsatile secretion (TPS) and area under the curve (AUC) were significantly different between groups before and after adjustment for BASAL (P<0.0001 for all). Leptin AUC correlated strongly with TPS (r=0.97,P<0.0001) and less with BASAL (r=0.35,P=0.03). On multivariate analysis, only TPS was a significant predictor of leptin AUC (P<0.0001). TPS was inversely associated with most EDE-Q and EDI-2 parameters and the associations remained significant for EDE-Q eating concern (P=0.01), and EDI-2 asceticism, ineffectiveness and social insecurity (P<0.05) after adjusting for BASAL. These relationships were not significant when controlled for percent body fat.ConclusionSecretory dynamics of leptin differ across weight spectrum, with mean pulse amplitude, mean pulse mass and TPS being low in AN and high in OB. Pulsatile, rather than basal secretion, is the major contributor to leptin AUC. Decreased pulsatile leptin is associated with disordered eating psychopathology, possibly reflecting low percent body fat in AN.

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Analisis Antimullerian Hormon (AMH) di Dalam Serum pada Berbagai Kategori Indeks Masa Tubuh

Jurnal Surya Medika ◽

10.33084/jsm.v5i1.956 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 162-168

Author(s):

Didik Rio Pambudi ◽

Ashon Sa�adi ◽

Sudjarwo Sudjarwo

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Uterine Bleeding ◽

Obese Women ◽

Height Measurement ◽

Normality Test ◽

Laboratory Infection ◽

Special Hospital ◽

The Relationship

Obesity-related to the result of decreased reproduction. Obese women are more prone to abnormal anovulation and uterine bleeding, endometrial hyperplasia/cancer, infertility, miscarriage, and pregnancy complications, compared to women of normal weight. This study aims to determine the levels of anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) in the serum at various BMI (body mass index), also to determine the relationship and correlation between obesity and AMH levels in serum. The population in the study were women aged 20 years to 40 years with less BMI, Normal BMI and Obesity BMI. The study subjects were women between the ages of 20 to 40 years with a BMI less than 17-19.9, obesity BMI = 25 and normal BMI 20-25 as controls. Height measurement, weight weighing, and BMI calculation carried out according to the standard and subject to approval. Taking blood samples for the examination of AMH levels carried out by the RSKI laboratory (Infection Special Hospital) Airlangga University. The results of the data processed with SPSS 25 with the Shapiro-Wilk normality test and Mann Whitney statistical analysis for different tests and Spearman analysis for the correlation test. The results of the study found homogeneous samples, there were no significant differences between the AMH levels of the less and obese groups with, p = 0.832 (p> 0.05). AMH levels in BMI were less (0.459 � 0.112 ng / mL) than obesity BMI (0.432 � 0.058 ng / mL), so it was concluded that AMH levels did not correlate with less BMI with obesity BMI, with a correlation value (r) = -0.105 (p = 0.643; p> 0.05). The results of this study concluded that body mass index not related and does not correlate with the levels of anti-Mullerian hormone in the serum.

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The relationship between body mass index, body image, and sexual function: A survey on Iranian pregnant women

International Journal of Reproductive BioMedicine ◽

10.18502/ijrm.v17i7.4862 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Mahtab Senobari ◽

Elham Azmoude ◽

Marziyeh Mousavi

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Image ◽

Sexual Function ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Body Mass ◽

Normal Weight ◽

The Body ◽

Female Sexual Function ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship

Background: The prevalence of sexual problems is high during pregnancy. Despite this, there are limited data about the impact of physical and psychological factors such as body weight and body image on sexual function in pregnant women. Objective: To investigate the relationship between body mass index, body image, and sexual function among pregnant women. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 206 Iranian pregnant women (106 with normal weight and 100 overweight women) in their 2nd and 3rd trimesters of pregnancy were surveyed. Survey instruments included the Female Sexual Function Index and Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire. Results: The prevalence of female sexual disorder was 72.3% in this survey. Diminished sexual desire/appetite was the most common problem reported by the participants (37.9%). The mean score of sexual problem and body image were not significantly different among overweight and normal weight women in the 2nd (p = 0.945 and p = 0.800, respectively) and 3rd trimesters of pregnancy (p = 0.310 and p = 0.507, respectively). Further, there were no relationships between the body mass index plus body image and the total female sexual function score (p = 0.44 and p = 0.837, respectively). However, the relationship between the appearance evaluation with lubrication (p = 0.043) and subjective weight with two subscales of sexual satisfaction (p = 0.005) and orgasm (p = 0.019) were significant. Conclusion: The findings from this study revealed that there were no relationships between body mass index plus body image score and the sexual function in pregnancy. Therefore, a further research is recommended to study other potential factors affecting sexual function during pregnancy.

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Effects of exposure to bodies of different sizes on perception of and satisfaction with own body size: two randomized studies

Royal Society Open Science ◽

10.1098/rsos.171387 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (5) ◽

pp. 171387 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Helen Bould ◽

Rebecca Carnegie ◽

Heather Allward ◽

Emily Bacon ◽

Emily Lambe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Eating Disorders ◽

Body Size ◽

Body Dissatisfaction ◽

Body Mass ◽

Normal Weight ◽

High Baseline ◽

Normal Body ◽

The Media ◽

Back Task

Body dissatisfaction is prevalent among women and associated with subsequent obesity and eating disorders. Exposure to images of bodies of different sizes has been suggested to change the perception of ‘normal’ body size in others. We tested whether exposure to different-sized (otherwise identical) bodies changes perception of own and others' body size, satisfaction with body size and amount of chocolate consumed. In Study 1, 90 18–25-year-old women with normal BMI were randomized into one of three groups to complete a 15 min two-back task using photographs of women either of ‘normal weight’ (Body Mass Index (BMI) 22–23 kg m −2 ), or altered to appear either under- or over-weight. Study 2 was identical except the 96 participants had high baseline body dissatisfaction and were followed up after 24 h. We also conducted a mega-analysis combining both studies. Participants rated size of others' bodies, own size, and satisfaction with size pre- and post-task. Post-task ratings were compared between groups, adjusting for pre-task ratings. Participants exposed to over- or normal-weight images subsequently perceived others' bodies as smaller, in comparison to those shown underweight bodies ( p < 0.001). They also perceived their own bodies as smaller (Study 1, p = 0.073; Study 2, p = 0.018; mega-analysis, p = 0.001), and felt more satisfied with their size (Study 1, p = 0.046; Study 2, p = 0.004; mega-analysis, p = 0.006). There were no differences in chocolate consumption. This study suggests that a move towards using images of women with a BMI in the healthy range in the media may help to reduce body dissatisfaction, and the associated risk of eating disorders.

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Capacidad aeróbica y su relación con parámetros de la condición física saludable en escolares

Revista Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud UDES ◽

10.20320/rfcsudes.v2i2.58 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 90

Author(s):

Andrés Rosa Guillamón ◽

Eliseo García-Cantó ◽

Juan José Pérez Soto ◽

Pedro Luís Rodríguez García

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Physical Fitness ◽

Body Mass ◽

Aerobic Capacity ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Analysis Of Covariance ◽

Maximum Oxygen Consumption ◽

Anthropometric Parameters ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Relationship

Background and objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between aerobic capacity and other parameters determining fitness in primary school. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study, 298 schoolchildren (139 males and 159 females) aged 8-12. Body composition (weight and height) and physical fitness (capacity, motor aerobic and musculoskeletal) was assessed by ALPHA-Fitness battery. Aerobic capacity and body mass index (under/normal-weight and overweight/obesity) were categorized using standard criteria. The variable motor / muscle overall capacity was calculated, and the maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) was indirectly estimated. Results: The analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) found that men have better values in the test 4x10m (p <0.001), longitudinal jump (p <0.001), Course-Navette (p <0.001) and in VO2max (p <0.001). The ANOVA test showed that schoolchildren with better aerobic capacity have lower weight and body mass index (p <0.001 for both), better performance in the test longitudinal jump (p <0.001) and better overall motor / muscle capacity, and increased VO2max (p <0.001 for both). Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that schoolchildren with healthy cardiorespiratory fitness had better physical fitness and are more likely to have healthy anthropometric parameters.

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Body Mass Index And Association Of Psychological Stress With Exercise Performance In Military Members: The Cardiorespiratory Fitness And Hospitalization Events In Armed Forces (CHIEF) Study

Endocrine Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets ◽

10.2174/1871530321666210427090550 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 ◽

Author(s):

Ko-Huan Lin ◽

Fang-Ying Su ◽

Szu-Nian Yang ◽

Ming-Wei Liu ◽

Chung-Cheng Kao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Physical Fitness ◽

Psychological Stress ◽

Body Mass ◽

Exercise Performance ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Analysis Of Covariance ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship

Aims: To investigate the influence of body mass index (BMI) on the association between psychological stress and physical fitness. Background: Both obesity and psychological stress reduce exercise performance. Objective: It is unknown whether obesity may modify the relationship. Background: Both obesity and psychological stress reduce exercise performance. Objective: It is unknown whether obesity may modify the relationship. Methods: A population of 4,080 military subjects in Taiwan was divided to three groups according to the BMI ≥27.0 kg/m2 (obesity), 24.0-26.9 kg/m2 (overweight) and 18.5-23.9 kg/m2 (normal weight). Normal, slight, and great psychological stress was evaluated by the Brief Symptoms Rating Scale (BSRS-5) score ≤5, 6-9, and ≥10, respectively. Aerobic and anaerobic fitness were respectively evaluated by time for a 3000-meter run and numbers of 2-minute sit-ups and 2-minute push-ups. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with adjustments for age and sex was used to determine the relationship. Results: The mean time (sec) for a 3000-meter run (standard error) under slight and great stress differed from that under normal stress in the normal weight (881.0 (11.0) and 877.9 (5.8) vs. 862.2 (1.7), p=0.089 and 0.0088, respectively) and in the obesity (928.1 (16.8) and 921.8 (10.7) vs. 895.2 (1.6), p=0.054 and 0.016, respectively), while the differences were not significant in the overweight (877.1 (12.7) and 877.5 (7.1) vs. 867.1 (2.1), both p >0.5). The impacts of the BMI on 2-minute sit-ups had a similar pattern with that on a 3000-meter run whereas the impact of the BMI on 2-minute push-ups was insignificant. Conclusions: Mental stress may not affect physical fitness in overweight military personnel. The mechanism is not clear and should be further investigated.

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The Relationship between Mindful Eating and Body Mass Index and Body Compositions in Adults

Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1159/000518675 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Nur Demirbas ◽

Ruhusen Kutlu ◽

Aysel Kurnaz

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass ◽

Dietary Habits ◽

Bioelectrical Impedance ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Mindful Eating ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Healthier Living ◽

The Relationship

Introduction: Obesity and overweight are important public health problems. Mindfulness can promote healthier living and dietary habits, which might support weight loss. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between eating awareness and body mass index (BMI) and body composition in adults. Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted with 446 volunteers. The heights, weights, and waist circumferences of the participants were measured, and bioelectrical impedance analyses were performed. A sociodemographic information form prepared by the researchers and the Turkish version of the Mindful Eating Questionnaire (MEQ) were administered to the volunteers. Results: In this study, 31.2% (n = 139) of the participants were overweight and 46.9% (n = 209) were obese. There was no statistically significant relationship between gender and BMI. The total mean MEQ score was found to be 88.26 ± 13.3 (53–144). The awareness scores of women of normal weight were statistically significantly higher than those of women with obesity (p = 0.001). There was no difference between BMI categories and awareness scores among male participants. While participants with obesity had higher scores for eating disinhibition, their eating control, eating discipline, and interference scores were lower than those of participants with normal weight (p < 0.001). A weak statistically significant correlation was found between the awareness subdimension of the scale and the ages, BMIs, waist circumferences, and body fat rates of the participants. Conclusion: It was observed that mindful eating was lower in women with overweight and obesity than that in women with normal weight. We believe that it is important to increase awareness of eating in order to protect against the diseases caused by obesity and for a healthy life.

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Body Mass Index and Hospital Mortality in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome Receiving Care in a University Hospital

Journal of Obesity ◽

10.1155/2012/287939 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Mercedes Camprubi ◽

Sandra Cabrera ◽

Jordi Sans ◽

Georgina Vidal ◽

Teresa Salvadó ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽

Hospital Mortality ◽

Body Mass ◽

Normal Weight ◽

University Hospital ◽

Coronary Syndrome ◽

Established Cardiovascular Risk Factor ◽

Obese Subjects ◽

The Relationship

Although obesity is a well-established cardiovascular risk factor, some controversy has arisen with regard to its effect on hospital mortality in patients admitted for acute coronary syndrome.Methods. Clinical and anthropometric variables were analyzed in patients consecutively admitted for acute coronary syndrome to a university hospital between 2009 and 2010, and the correlation of those variables with hospital mortality was examined.Results. A total of 824 patients with a diagnosis of myocardial infarction or unstable angina were analyzed. Body mass index was an independent factor in hospital mortality (odds ratio 0.739 (IC 95%:0.597-0.916),P=0.006). Mortality in normal weight(n=218), overweight(n=399), and obese(n=172)subjects was 6.1%, 3.1%, and 4.1%, respectively, with no statistically significant differences between the groups.Conclusions. There is something of a paradox in the relationship between body mass index and hospital mortality in patients with acute coronary syndrome in that the mortality rate decreases as body mass index increases. However, no statistically significant differences have been found in normal weight, overweight, or obese subjects.

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The J-Shaped Relationship Between Body Mass Index and Mortality in Patients With Covid-19: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis

Journal of the Endocrine Society ◽

10.1210/jendso/bvab048.055 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. A28-A29

Author(s):

Khulood Bukhari ◽

Huei-Kai Huang ◽

Duan-Pei Hung ◽

Carol Chiung-Hui Peng ◽

Ming-Chieh Shih ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass ◽

Dose Response ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Severe Illness ◽

Underweight Patients ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Introduction: Several studies have linked obesity to more severe illness and higher mortality in COVID-19 patients. However, the relationship between being underweight and COVID-19 mortality remains inconclusive. Previous dose-response meta-analyses did not enroll or specifically analyze the underweight population. Herein, we conducted a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis to investigate the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and mortality in both obese and underweight patients with COVID-19. Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Web of Science databases from inception until August 12, 2020 using the keywords “COVID-19,” “body mass index,” “obesity,” “overweight”, and “underweight.” Three reviewers independently assessed the relevant articles, including the title, abstract, and full text, to identify eligible studies. We performed a two-stage random-effects dose-response meta-analysis, including only studies with at least three quantitative classifications for BMI. The nonlinear trend was evaluated using a restricted cubic splines model with three-knots at the 10th, 50th, and 90th percentiles. A sensitivity analysis was conducted by pooling only those studies which specifically evaluated underweight patients (BMI<18.5 kg/m2). Results: Thirteen studies comprising 25,828 patients were included in the analysis. In the linear model, the mortality of patients with COVID-19 increased by 1.5% for each 1-kg/m2 increase in BMI (pooled relative risk [RR] =1.015, 95% confidence interval [CI] =1.004−1.027). However, a significant non-linear relationship between BMI and mortality was observed (Wald test: Pnon-linearity<0.001). We demonstrated a J-shaped curve, indicating that both underweight and obese patients had a higher mortality than those with normal weight. Interestingly, overweight patients (BMI, 25−30 kg/m2) seemed to have the lowest mortality risk. Using a BMI of 15 kg/m2 as the reference, the RRs of mortality decreased with BMI, and this trend continued until BMI of approximately 28 kg/m2 (RR=0.743, 95% CI=0.576−0.959). The relationship between BMI and mortality was then reversed, and an upward trend was observed when BMI exceeded 30 kg/m2; the RRs (95% CI) at BMIs 30, 35, 40, and 45 kg/m2 were 0.745 (0.570−0.974), 0.841 (0.643−1.100), 1.082 (0.850−1.377), and 1.457 (1.129−1.879), respectively. Conclusion: This study is the first dose-response meta-analysis that showed both underweight and obese COVID-19 patients are at higher risk of increased mortality. A J-curve relationship was demonstrated between BMI and COVID-19 mortality.

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