scholarly journals Variación lingüística en Mamita Yunai, de Carlos Luis Fallas (Linguistic Variation in Mamita Yunai, by Carlos Luis Fallas)

LETRAS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (58) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Ming Yang
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Chinese Immigrants ◽  
Costa Rican ◽  
Linguistic Variation ◽  
African Origin ◽  
Marginal Groups ◽  
Costa Rican Spanish ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Colloquial Style

Mamita Yunai, de Carlos Luis Fallas, es una obra emblemática de la literatura de Costa Rica. A pesar de los propósitos políticos, muestra un panorama de la variación lingüística en la región. En la novela, se registra con fidelidad las conversaciones entre pobladores de diferentes etnias en la costa caribeña costarricense poniendo de relieve el estilo coloquial en el texto. Este estudio procura arrojar luz sobre esos datos lingüísticos con la investigación sobre el español de Costa Rica, el préstamo entre el inglés criollo y el castellano, el español hablado por grupos marginados, como los inmigrantes chinos, los indígenas y los pobladores de origen africano.Mamita Yunai, by Carlos Luis Fallas, is an emblematic novel in Costa Rican literature. In spite of its politicial focus, it presents a panorama of the linguistic variation in this region. The writer has recorded the conversations within different ethnic groups on the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica, emphasizing the colloquial style in the text. This study addresses these linguistic data by analyzing Costa Rican Spanish, words borrowed from English Creole, and the Spanish spoken by marginal groups such as Chinese immigrants, indigenous peoples, and those of African origin. 

How the Perceived Language Status of Brunca Affects Resource Allocation in Costa Rica

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Aroline E. Seibert Hanson
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Costa Rica ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Costa Rican ◽  
Indigenous Languages ◽  
Language Status ◽  
Grave Danger ◽  
Government Rhetoric

Beginning with the conquest and colonization of the land that now comprises Costa Rica, the Indigenous peoples and their cultures have suffered great losses. One of the greatest losses is to their languages. One language in particularly grave danger is Brunca. While Indigenous languages are being acknowledged worldwide and within Costa Rica, the Costa Rican government has not provided the necessary resources to maintain them. This chapter incorporates recent field research on Brunca's language vitality into a discussion on the disconnect between government rhetoric and the actual linguistic situation of Brunca.

scholarly journals Lexicografía del español en Costa Rica, visión crítica

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 147
Author(s):  
Víctor Sánchez Corrales
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Costa Rican ◽  
Costa Rican Spanish

En este artículo el autor hace un análisis crítico de los estudios lexicográficos del español de Costa Rica de Carlos Gagini (1892) hasta la actualidad. In this article the author makes a critical analysis of the lexicographical studies of Costa Rican Spanish from Carlos Gagini (1892) to the present.

scholarly journals Clave dicotómica para la identificación de Apendicularias en el PacíficoTropical Oriental y Mares Interamericanos, con un listado de especies para Costa Rica

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (1-1) ◽  
pp. 108
Author(s):  
Marco Corrales-Ugalde ◽  
Iván Castellanos-Osorio ◽  
Álvaro Moráles-Ramírez
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
New Records ◽  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Costa Rican ◽  
Taxonomic Resolution ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Pacific Waters ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Primary Consumers

Although appendicularians are relevant primary consumers and are part of every zooplankton community, there is a lack of information on the species present in different ocean regions. Thus, regional identification guides are useful to develop datasets with high taxonomic resolution. Appendicularian species were identified in 33 epipelagic samples of zooplankton collected in several locations of Costarican waters. Eighteen appendicularian species were identified, of which 15 were found in the Pacific and only three in the Caribbean. Seven species are new records for Costa Rican Pacific waters (Appendicularia sicula, Fritillaria charybdae, F. cf. pacifica, F. tenella, F. pellucida f. omani, Oikoipleura fusiformis f. cornutogastra and Pelagopleura verticalis). Data for each species distribution in Costa Rica is presented together with a key for the identification of appendicularian species recorded in the Inter-American seas and the Eastern Tropical Pacific.

scholarly journals Variación fonética de /e/ y /r/ en el habla culta de San José

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Annette Calvo Shadid
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Costa Rica ◽  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
First Generation ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Costa Rican ◽  
The State ◽  
San Jose ◽  
Costa Rican Spanish

Este artículo constituye una revisión crítica exhaustiva del estado de la técnica en la realización de los fonemas / r / y / r / en el español de Costa Rica . El artículo también describe la variación de estos fonemas sobre la base del análisis cuantitativo de una muestra, el habla de la primera generación educada de San José. La muestra forma parte de los datos recogidos para el Proyecto Coordinado sobre Variedad de Educación en las ciudades principales de Ibero América y la Península Ibérica.This article constitutes an exhaustive critical review of the state of the art on the realization of the phonemes / r / y / r / in Costa Rican Spanish. The article also describes variation of these phonemes on the basis of the quantitative analysis of a sample of female, first-generation educated speech from San José. The sample is part of the data gathered for the Coordinated Project on Educated Variety in the Main Cities of Ibero America and the Iberian Peninsula.

The Power and Pitfalls of Patronage: Chinese Immigrants in Costa Rica during the Era of Exclusion, 1897–1943

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-235
Author(s):  
Benjamín N. Narváez
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Costa Rica ◽  
Chinese Immigrants ◽  
The United States ◽  
Costa Rican ◽  
Chinese Diaspora ◽  
Wrong Side

A small number of Chinese migrated to Costa Rica between the mid-nineteenth and mid-twentieth centuries. There they experienced Sinophobia, including an immigration ban from 1897–1943. Nevertheless, the community persisted. The Chinese responded to this hostility in part by seeking the support of powerful patrons, including Costa Rican politicians and American diplomats. These ties helped with business concerns, immigration issues, and legal troubles, and could alleviate harassment. However, the Chinese did not always get the help they desired. Moreover, these relationships created their own challenges, including placing the Chinese on the wrong side of Costa Rican politics and forcing them to acquiesce to the interests of the United States. Close examination of these relationships and Costa Rican Sinophobia ultimately challenges Costa Rica’s myth of exceptionalism (i.e., racial homogeneity and egalitarianism), sheds light on the construction of this myth, and deepens our larger understanding of the Chinese diaspora in the Americas.

Costa Rica port build inspires infrastructure drive

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Costa Rican ◽  
Consumer Confidence ◽  
Infrastructure Investment ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Urban Public Transport ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
The Government

Subject Costa Rican infrastructure. Significance After nearly three years of construction, Costa Rica inaugurated a new 1-billion-dollar cargo port at Moin, in the Caribbean province of Limon, in late February. The government hopes to turn Costa Rica into a major regional shipping centre and to use the project as a launchpad for an infrastructure investment push. Impacts Further delays in the Route 32 extension risk damaging the reputation of the new port, leading to long-term under-use. Employment from infrastructure investment should drive a continuing rebound in consumer confidence. There may be a growing focus on urban public transport over the next 3-5 years, particularly if this attracts investor interest.

scholarly journals Seagrasses of Costa Rica: from the mighty Caribbean to the dynamic meadows of the Eastern Tropical Pacific

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (1-1) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jimena Samper-Villarreal ◽  
Brigitta I. Van Tussenbroek ◽  
Jorge Cortés
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Thalassia Testudinum ◽  
Costa Rican ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Seagrass Meadows ◽  
Syringodium Filiforme ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Caribbean

Seagrass meadows are declining worldwide, mostly attributed to anthropogenic disturbances. Understanding the dynamics of these meadows is urgent in order to establish adequate management and conservation strategies. Here, we analyzed the current knowledge on the seagrass meadows in the Caribbean and Pacific coasts of Costa Rica, Central America. Current knowledge was based on literature searches, herbarium collections, informal interviews, and personal observations. We report a total of five genera and seven species for Costa Rica: Thalassia testudinum, Syringodium filiforme, Halophila decipiens, Halophila baillonis, Halodule wrightii, Halodule beaudettei, and Ruppia maritima. Six species are reported for the Caribbean, and four species for the Pacific. Thalassia testudinum, S. filiforme, and H. decipiens have only been reported for the Caribbean. Halodule beaudettei has only been reported for the Pacific coast. Halophila baillonis, H. wrightii and R. maritima have been reported for both coasts. Seagrasses were found at a total of 31 locations in Costa Rica, most from the Pacific coast; 16 of which are reported here for the first time. Seagrass meadows from both coasts are vastly different. Along the Caribbean coast, meadows are often dominated by the robust T. testudinum, they are extensive and stable, persisting for decades. In contrast, the meadows along the Pacific coast are more dynamic and are dominated by pioneer and smaller ephemeral species, such as H. baillonis and H. beaudettei. The number of studies on Costa Rican seagrasses is scarce but has been increasing over time, and mostly concern taxonomic reports and basic descriptions of the dynamics of T. testudinum meadows from the Caribbean. Research, conservation and management efforts on Costa Rican seagrass meadows would benefit from continued monitoring and research on associated fauna and flora, incorporating ecosystem resilience and services.

scholarly journals Chironomidae (Diptera) species diversity of estuaries across a land use gradient on the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 1118
Author(s):  
Petra Kranzfelder ◽  
Leonard C Ferrington, Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Costa Rica ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Costa Rican ◽  
Biotic Integrity ◽  
Physical Habitat ◽  
Pupal Exuviae ◽  
The Caribbean

The family Chironomidae (Diptera) is the most widely distributed, most diverse, and often the most abundant of all families of benthic macroinvertebrates in aquatic ecosystems, including estuaries and other coastal marine ecosystems. Chironomid assemblages are likely to provide a useful measure of biotic integrity in estuaries of Costa Rica, which lack an intensive estuarine bioassessment tool to support environmental monitoring and regulatory programs. We characterized the taxonomic composition of Chironomidae, tested a Chironomidae Index of Biotic Integrity (CIBI) developed from extrinsic pollution tolerance values for its efficacy in evaluating the surface water quality and physical habitat, and made recommendations for increasing the sensitivity of the CIBI to detect differing degrees of stress across a range of estuaries in Costa Rica. Specifically, we selected nine estuaries within six different watersheds across a land use gradient located on the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica and collected Chironomidae surface-floating pupal exuviae (SFPE) samples biannually for two consecutive years (July 2012, Jan. 2013, July 2013, Jan. 2014). We identified 228 morphospecies and 70 genera from 17 071 Chironomidae pupal exuviae collected from nine estuaries, which ranked in the following order from lowest to highest biotic integrity based on CIBI scores: Estero Negro, Laguna Cuatro, Laguna Jalova, Laguna del Tortuguero, Río Parismina, Laguna Barra del Colorado, Río Pacuare, Río Bananito, and Río Estrella. The CIBI successfully differentiated between estuaries with poor versus good biotic integrity, indicating that CIBI could be used to evaluate the surface water quality and physical habitat of Costa Rican estuaries. We recommend that future studies refine our approach by developing regionally accurate genus and corresponding species-level tolerance values to improve the sensitivity of the CIBI for biological monitoring of Costa Rican estuaries.

scholarly journals Problemas fonológicos en aprendientes costarricenses de inglés (Pronunciation Difficulties for Costa Rican EFL Learners)

LETRAS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (58) ◽  
pp. 141
Author(s):  
Ginneth Pizarro Chacón ◽  
Damaris Cordero Badilla
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Costa Rican ◽  
Spanish Speakers ◽  
Standard English ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Costa Rican Spanish

Se efectuó un estudio de diversos aspectos que dificultan en hablantes contemporáneos del español de Costa Rica, el aprendizaje y práctica eficiente de la pronunciación del inglés estándar. A partir de una recopilación de datos, y su observación mediante encuestas, se comentan los aspectos significativos por considerar, para afrontar las dificultades más frecuentes en el aprendizaje de la pronunciación. Se hace hincapié en que el estudio se concentra en el caso de la variante del español costarricense, por lo que las recomendaciones propuestas se desprenden de ese hecho sociolingüístico.A study was conducted on various aspects which currently affect Costa Rican Spanish speakers when they are learning and practicing the pronunciation of standard English. Based on a review of information and its observation by means of surveys, significant elements are addressed to face the most frequent difficulties when improving pronunciation. Emphasis is given to the fact that since the study focuses on the variant of Costa Rican Spanish, the recommendations given refer to that sociolinguistic situation. 

scholarly journals New records of marine planktonic invertebrates from the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (1-1) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Allan Carrillo-Baltodano ◽  
Álvaro V. Morales-Ramírez ◽  
Jeffrey A. Sibaja-Cordero ◽  
Jorge Cortés
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Costa Rica ◽  
New Records ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Costa Rican ◽  
Caribbean Coast ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
The Caribbean

 The coral reef at Cahuita National Park in the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica represents very diverse marine ecosystem. Most of this diversity knowledge has been the result of benthic surveys, while very little is known from pelagic studies. A zooplankton survey sampling was conducted monthly from September 2010 to August 2011, finding new records of marine invertebrates: 32 for the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica, seven for Costa Rican water and 16 for the Caribbean coast of Central America. These reports include the hoplitomella larva of the sponge Thoosa sp., larval stages of three lophophorates, seven families, five genera and six species of polychaetes, a juvenile of the lancet Branchiostoma (Phylum Chordata, Subphylum Cephalochordata) and four pelagic chordates. Analyzing the zooplankton of Cahuita, is an essential approach to studying not only the diversity, but also enhances the possibility of better understanding the ecological goods and services that the coral reef can provide.

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