scholarly journals ISIS and the "War Makes States" Path

Perceptions ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Samantha Palmer Anthony
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Islamic State ◽  
Critical Reading ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Over Time

This paper discusses the progression and evolution of the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria, also known as ISIS.  The author explains how the group has progressed since its conception, explores possibilities for its evolution in the future, as it relates to and affects the surrounding countries and the international arena.  The author examines the question of whether Charles Tilly’s “War Makes States” theory can be applied to the group in past, present, and future.  The author uses a combination of literature review, critical reading, and research to explain how ISIS follows Tilly’s thesis that states emerge over time from areas of violence and the actions of violent groups. The author concludes that, despite recent territorial losses, the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria is evolving towards statehood per Tilly’s model, and that this has ramifications for the rest of the world in that the international arena should act accordingly when dealing with the group in order to forestall this occurrence. 

Dante's New Life of the Book

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Eisner
Keyword(s):  
Literary History ◽  
Poetic Form ◽  
Archival Research ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Printed Books ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

This study uses the material transmission history of Dante’s innovative first book, the Vita nuova (New Life), to intervene in recent debates about literary history, reconceiving the relationship between the work and its reception, and investigating how different material manifestations and transformations in manuscripts, printed books, translations, and adaptations participate in the work. Just as Dante frames his collection of thirty-one poems surrounded by prose narrative and commentary as an attempt to understand his own experiences through the experimental form of the book, so later scribes, editors, and translators use different material forms to embody their own interpretations of it. Traveling from Boccaccio’s Florence to contemporary Hollywood with stops in Emerson’s Cambridge, Rossetti’s London, Nerval’s Paris, Mandelstam’s Russia, De Campos’s Brazil, and Pamuk’s Istanbul, this study builds on extensive archival research to show how Dante’s strange poetic forms continue to challenge readers. In contrast to a conventional reception history’s chronological march, each chapter analyzes how one of these distinctive features has been treated over time, offering new perspectives on topics such as Dante’s love of Beatrice, his relationship with Guido Cavalcanti, and his attraction to another woman, while highlighting Dante’s concern with the future, as he experiments with new ways to keep Beatrice alive for later readers. Deploying numerous illustrations to show the entanglement of the work’s poetic form and its material survival, Dante’s New Life of the Book offers a fresh reading of Dante’s innovations, demonstrating the value of this philological analysis of the work’s survival in the world.

Nanotechnology and Microelectronics

2010 ◽  
pp. 1-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ndubuisi Ekekwe
Keyword(s):  
Technology Diffusion ◽  
World Economy ◽  
International Economy ◽  
Wealth Creation ◽  
National Competitiveness ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Technology Capability ◽  
Gross World Product ◽  
Over Time

For many centuries, the gross world product was flat. But as technology penetrated many economies, over time, the world economy has expanded. Technology will continue to shape the future of commerce, industry and culture with likes of nanotechnology and microelectronics directly or indirectly playing major roles in redesigning the global economic structures. These technologies will drive other industries and will be central to a new international economy where technology capability will determine national competitiveness. Technology-intensive firms will emerge and new innovations will evolve a new dawn in wealth creation. Nations that create or adopt and then diffuse these technologies will profit. Those that fail to use technology as a means to compete internationally will find it difficult to progress economically. This chapter provides insights on global technology diffusion, the drivers and impacts with specific focus on nanotechnology and microelectronics. It also discusses the science of these technologies along with the trends, realities and possibilities, and the barriers which must be overcome for higher global penetration rates.

Down-to-Earth Utopians

2020 ◽  
pp. 75-96
Author(s):  
Ronald W. Schatz
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Teaching Writing ◽  
Karl Mannheim ◽  
Clark Kerr ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
One Step ◽  
German Sociologist ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Over Time

The Labor Board vets insisted that they were always realistic and had no ideological convictions of any kind. This chapter argues that such a characterization is not accurate. Clark Kerr, John Dunlop, and the other veterans of the board’s staff were in truth utopians—not utopians as that term is usually imagined, but liberal reformers who believed that they could transform the world over time, one step at a time. The famous German sociologist Karl Mannheim termed that mindset “liberal-humanitarian utopian.” The chapter looks back to their youth to explain how they came to that worldview and how unarticulated utopian beliefs pervaded their teaching, writing, and other work. The chapter concludes with the prediction advanced by Clark Kerr, John Dunlop, Charles Myers, and Frederick Harbison that the U.S. and Soviet systems would converge in the future--a conviction that appeared realistic in the latter 1980s and the early 1990s.

A Better and Healthier Time to Be Alive than Ever

2021 ◽  
pp. 3-24
Author(s):  
Sandro Galea
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Global Development ◽  
Know How ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Hiv Aids

This chapter discusses how the time of the COVID-19 pandemic was also a time when the world, in many respects, had never been better—or healthier. In a number of key areas—from life expectancy, to declines in poverty, to reductions in preventable diseases like HIV/AIDS—it was, and is, a more favorable time to be alive than any other point in recorded history. All these advances was a byproduct of foundational forces unfolding over time, forces like industrialization, global development, urbanization, and political changes. However, the incidental nature of this success has meant that we have yet to fully acknowledge why it occurred, which hinders our ability to advance it in the future. Why do we need to know how we got here? First, our understanding of the causes of health shapes our investment in health. America's investment in healthcare comes at the expense of their investment in the foundational drivers of health. The second reason is that if we do not understand the true causes of health, we will be unable to build a world that is ready for the next pandemic.

Introduction

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Mark Regnerus
Keyword(s):  
Religious Faith ◽  
The West ◽  
Career Expectations ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Over Time

Marriage has receded dramatically in much of the West; given their historical and theological esteem for matrimony, are Christians faring any better? Not by much. Christian marriage, too, appears to be experiencing a recession. How do modern Christians around the world look for a mate within a religious faith that esteems marriage but a world that increasingly yawns at it? Some of the challenges facing them are mathematical—more women than men in congregations—while others are ideological, such as the penchant for keeping one’s options open. Economic and career expectations counsel delay. Do Christians wait on marriage? Not as long as the irreligious: being active in church predicts marrying earlier in most countries. Over time, this gap in marriage between the more religious and the less religious adds up. The future of marriage is becoming more religious, not less.

Technology and Disabilities in the Century Ahead

2011 ◽  
pp. 2077-2081
Author(s):  
Ray Kurzweil
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Current Level ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Disabled ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Technology Trends ◽  
Over Time

I have been involved in inventing since I was five, and I quickly realized that for an invention to succeed, you have to target the world of the future. But what would the future be like? To find out, I became a student of technology trends and began to develop mathematical models of different technologies: computation, miniaturization, evolution over time. I have been doing that for 25 years, and it has been remarkable to me how powerful and predictive these models are. Now, before I show you some of these models and then try to build with you some of the scenarios for the future—and, in particular, focus on how these will benefit technology for the disabled—I would like to share one trend that I think is particularly profound and that many people fail to take into consideration. It is this: the rate of progress—what I call the “paradigmshift rate”—is itself accelerating. We are doubling this paradigm-shift rate every decade. The whole 20th century was not 100 years of progress as we know it today, because it has taken us a while to speed up to the current level of progress. The 20t h century represented about 20 years of progress in terms of today’s rate. And at today’s rate of change, we will achieve an amount of progress equivalent to that of the whole 20th century in 14 years, then as the acceleration continues, in 7 years. The progress in the 21st century will be about 1,000 times greater than that in the 20th century, which was no slouch in terms of change.

scholarly journals The Continuing Education of Faculty as Teachers at a Mid-sized Ontario University

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorraine M Carter ◽  
Bettina Brockerhoff-Macdonald
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Continuing Education ◽  
North American ◽  
Teaching Resources ◽  
University Teachers ◽  
The World ◽  
Groupes De Discussion ◽  
The University ◽  
Over Time

The findings outlined in this paper are the result of focus groups conducted with faculty at a mid-sized Ontario university. These nine faculty, all of whom have received awards of excellence from their university for their teaching, shared their insights about how they developed as teachers over time. More specific topics explored were as follows: how they first learned about teaching; how they continue to learn about teaching; resources that might have helped early in their teaching careers at the university; and advice they have about teaching for new university teachers, mid-career teachers, and teachers approaching retirement. While many of the observations offered here are specific to Ontario and some of the literature review is North American in focus, the paper offers valuable insights into how faculty learn to be teachers which may be helpful to universities around the world. Cet article présente les résultats d’entrevues menées avec des groupes de discussion composés de membres du corps professoral d’une université ontarienne de taille moyenne. Les 9 professeurs participant ont tous reçu des prix d’excellence de leur université pour leur enseignement. Lors de ces rencontres, ils ont expliqué comment ils ont évolué à titre d’enseignants au fil du temps. Les sujets particuliers suivants ont été abordés : leurs premiers apprentissages en matière d’enseignement; leurs apprentissages subséquents; les ressources qui les ont aidés tôt dans leur carrière d’enseignant à l’université; les conseils qu’ils ont à offrir aux enseignants universitaires qui viennent de débuter leur carrière, à ceux qui sont à mi-parcours et à ceux qui approchent de la retraite. L’article fournit un aperçu utile sur la façon dont les membres du corps enseignant apprennent à devenir des enseignants. Même si bon nombre des observations présentées sont spécifiques à l’Ontario et si une partie de la recension des écrits est d’origine nord-américaine, ces informations peuvent servir aux universités à l’échelle internationale.

Future and Prophecies in the World Vision of the Islamic State Organization

Futures ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 295-310
Author(s):  
Mohamed-Ali Adraoui
Keyword(s):  
Islamic State ◽  
The Past ◽  
World Vision ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Extreme Violence ◽  
State Organization ◽  
The Way

This chapter examines the Islamic State’s conceptualization of history and the future in relation this movement’s understanding of eschatology and the ‘End of Times’. Drawing on a veritable stream of jihadist literature, this chapter sheds light on the organization’s theorization of history, and the ways in which the Islamic State’s consistent jihadist millenarianism echoes an incessant dialectic between the past and the future to the detriment of a depreciated and sacrificed present. Adraoui demonstrates the way in which the Islamic State’s fundamentalist (mis-)interpretation of Islamic prophetic discourse merges terrestrial and celestial time, which is used to justify and exacerbate the use of extreme violence in pursuit of the organization’s aggressive political aims.

Discursive Justice in and With Future Generations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Blake
Keyword(s):  
Distributive Justice ◽  
Political Discourse ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Intergenerational Justice ◽  
Present Generation ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Moral Claims ◽  
Political Agents ◽  
Over Time

Most discussions of intergenerational justice focus on distributive justice between generations. Much of contemporary thinking about justice, though, focuses on how people might reason together in a respectful and egalitarian manner—with, that is, justice in political discourse. This chapter seeks to apply this latter sort of theorizing to the intergenerational context. It identifies two ways in which discursive justice might be applicable to that context. First, the present generation might wrong future generations by making discursive justice more difficult in the future; it might, for instance, create a future in which political agents must display greater virtue—both intellectual and moral—than present generations have had to demonstrate. Second, if we accept that agents may have interests that outlive themselves, then one generation might wrong another by failing to listen to the claims that persist through time and across generations. This discussion is compatible with the conclusion that moral claims generally diminish in importance over time; as the world in which a given generation’s moral commitments were made changes, so too does the moral pull of those commitments diminish.

Ambush Marketing

2014 ◽  
pp. 187-202
Author(s):  
Ran Liu ◽  
Des Thwaites
Keyword(s):  
Future Development ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Sporting Events ◽  
Marketing Practice ◽  
Ethical Debate ◽  
Ambush Marketing ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Over Time

The rapid growth in sponsorship throughout the world has been accompanied by a parallel growth in ambush marketing practice over the last two decades, particularly in the context of major sporting events. The purpose of this chapter is to introduce the concept of ambush marketing, discuss the moral and ethical issues surrounding ambush practice, and provide solutions and recommendations in dealing with ambushing issues from the perspective of different parties. This chapter begins with an introduction of ambush marketing and explanation of how it has evolved over time. The different types of ambush marketing strategies are then identified, followed by an exploration of the effectiveness of ambush marketing and its influence on sponsorship activity. The main focus then turns to the moral and ethical debate on ambush marketing among events owners, sponsors, and ambushers. Finally, the future development of ambush marketing is discussed and suggestions are made in terms of how to cope with the ambushing issues in the future.

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