Continuous Surface Densification of Wood: A New Concept for Large-scale Industrial Processing

Proprioception, the ability to perceive one’s own configuration and movement in space, enables organisms to safely and accurately interact with their environment and each other. The underlying sensory nerves that make this possible are highly dense and use sophisticated communication pathways to propagate signals from nerves in muscle, skin and joints to the central nervous system wherein the organism can process and react to stimuli. In a step forward to realize robots with such perceptive capability, we propose a flexible sensor framework that incorporates a novel hybrid modeling strategy, taking advantage of computational mechanics and machine learning. We implement the sensor framework on a large, thin and flexible sensor that transforms sparsely distributed strains into continuous surface shape. Finite element (FE) analysis is utilized to determine sensor design parameters, while an FE model is built to enrich the morphological data used in the supervised training to achieve continuous surface reconstruction. A mapping between the local strain data and the enriched surface data is subsequently trained using ensemble learning. This hybrid approach enables real-time, robust and high-order surface shape reconstruction. The sensing performance is evaluated in terms of accuracy, repeatability, and feasibility with numerous scenarios, which has not been demonstrated and reported on such a large-scale (A4-paper-size) sensor before.

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Influence of the biopreparation “Gaupsin” on storability of mandarin fruits

International Journal of Scientific Research and Management ◽

10.18535/ijsrm/v9i01.ah01 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 304-312

Author(s):

Zurab Mikeladze ◽

Nunu Kutaladze ◽

Shota Lominadze

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Experimental Period ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Panonychus Citri ◽

Monthly Basis ◽

Fruit Storage ◽

Industrial Processing ◽

Pests And Diseases ◽

Adverse Action

Our goal is to incorporate in the complex of citrus agrotechnical activities such technologies that will significantly increase the natural storability of mandarin fruits, in production and in short time in normal conditions, in the process of storage and sale. To this end, we conducted a large-scale experiment and included in the complex of agrotechnical measures the biopreparation “Gaupsin” of Ukrainian production, which protects plants from pests and diseases, promotes their growth and development, improves fruit bearing and qualitative indicators, in their number, increasing of storability. Gaupsin, as a bacterial fungicidal preparation, exhibits insecticidal properties, destroys pests, and with these and other properties, Gaupsin allows us to obtain high-quality and storable mandarin fruits. Its use is effective for processing of containers and boxes. At the same time, the preparation is environmentally friendly. Use of the biopreparation Gaupsin has shown a tendency to improve agrochemical parameters of soil; yield and quality parameters significantly increase. The parameters of adverse action of pests and diseases (especially silver mites and anthracnose) decreased to minimum. Natural fruit storability increases, at the cost of improvement of general physiological condition of fruits and neutralization of the pathogen, which shows the positive impact of the biopreparation in terms of fruit bearing. It should also be noted that the use of Gaupsin has practically eliminated the alternating bearing of mandarins and we every year obtain quantitatively and qualitatively stable harvest. During the experimental period, we monitored the spread of pest disease on a monthly basis by means of commissions, focusing on monitoring the spread of such pests that significantly harm the growth and crop quality of mandarin. These include silver mites (40-45% harmfulness), citrus red mites Panonychus citri (45-50% harmfulness), elongated grey citrus scale (20-25% harmfulness), anthracnose (20%), wart disease (25%), black spots (25-30%). They each damage leaves, fruits, twigs and buds of plants. Anthracnose is particularly potent in conditions of fruit storage. The blackness caused by the fungal excretion of saprophyte fungi inhibits plant respiration and photosynthesis processes. The crop decreases and fruit loses its commodity, so these fruits are most easily damaged during storage by fungi of penicillium group and they spoil as quickly as possible. Losses from fruit breakdown are so significant that such fruits are virtually unusable not only for fresh consumption, but also from the point of view of industrial processing. At the same time, the environment is heavily polluted and it is also dangerous in subsequent years. Based on our experimental data, we have developed calibrator for mandarin fruit and a mobile device for processing with Gaupsin, which has been handed over to newly established cooperatives. Serial manufacturing of such simple machine will resolve the problem of commodity processing of mandarin fruit by the biopreparation Gaupsin, and the farmer will be able to obtain on the spot products storable in commodity state, and the retailer will be guaranteed to minimize losses during the transportation and sale.

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Development of a Graphene-Based Biosensor for Detecting Recombinant Cyanovirin-N

Biosensors ◽

10.3390/bios10120206 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 206

Author(s):

Pedro Rodrigues de Almeida ◽

André Melro Murad ◽

Luciano Paulino Silva ◽

Elibio Leopoldo Rech ◽

Elmo Salomão Alves

Keyword(s):

Electrical Resistance ◽

Large Scale ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Soya Bean ◽

Secondary Amines ◽

Graphene Monolayer ◽

Antiviral Protein ◽

Hiv Replication ◽

Processing Technologies ◽

Industrial Processing

We present a graphene-based biosensor selective to recombinant cyanovirin-N (rCV-N), an antiviral protein that has proven to be an effective microbicide to inhibit HIV replication. We modified the graphene monolayer devices with 1-pyrenebutanoic acid succinimidyl ester, which interacts with both graphene and the primary and secondary amines of antibodies. By monitoring the change in the electrical resistance of the device, we were able to detect rCV-N in solutions in the range of 0.01 to 10 ng/mL, and found that the detection limit was 0.45 pg/mL, which is much smaller than that obtained with currently available techniques. This is important for applications of this microbicide against HIV, since it may be produced at a large scale from soya bean seeds processed using the available industrial processing technologies. The sensor showed high sensitivity, selectivity, and reproducibility.

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Preparation and Properties of a New Polymer-Modified Cement Mortar Containing Iron Tailings Sand

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.687.107 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 687 ◽

pp. 107-111 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Li Guang Xiao ◽

Gang Liu ◽

Shuo Feng ◽

Shi Ting Zhang

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Cement Mortar ◽

Polypropylene Fiber ◽

National Standard ◽

Cellulose Ether ◽

Complete Replacement ◽

Industrial Processing ◽

External Wall ◽

Tailings Sand ◽

Tailing Ponds

Iron tailing is a kind of mineral waste from industrial processing and magnetic separation of iron ore, which severely pollute the air, soil property and the source of water. For large scale tailing ponds (dam height >100 m), the accident could cause a substantial damage. Therefore, it is significant to appropriately utilize the tailings. The present paper systematically studies the possibility of complete replacement of quartz sand with the iron tailings in polymer modified cement mortar used in external wall insulation plaster. The effects of redispersible polymer powers, cellulose ether, water reducing agent, lignin and polypropylene fiber on the performance of polymer modified cement mortar have been discussed. The results show that the performance of polymer-modified cement mortar composed of iron tailings has reached the national standard of external wall insulation system in China.

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Supporting Information for "Large-scale Surface Shape Sensing with Learning-based Computational Mechanics"

10.22541/au.162255864.44424722/v3 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Kui Wang ◽

Chi Hin Mak ◽

Justin Di-Lang Ho ◽

Zhi-Yu Liu ◽

Kam Yim Sze ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Computational Mechanics ◽

Hybrid Approach ◽

Shape Reconstruction ◽

Surface Shape ◽

Morphological Data ◽

Design Parameters ◽

Fe Model ◽

Flexible Sensor ◽

Continuous Surface

Proprioception, the ability to perceive one’s own configuration and movement in space, enables organisms to safely and accurately interact with their environment and each other. The underlying sensory nerves that make this possible are highly dense and use sophisticated communication pathways to propagate signals from nerves in muscle, skin and joints to the central nervous system wherein the organism can process and react to stimuli. In a step forward to realize robots with such perceptive capability, we propose a flexible sensor framework that incorporates a novel hybrid modeling strategy, taking advantage of computational mechanics and machine learning. We implement the sensor framework on a large, thin and flexible sensor that transforms sparsely distributed strains into continuous surface shape. Finite element (FE) analysis is utilized to determine sensor design parameters, while an FE model is built to enrich the morphological data used in the supervised training to achieve continuous surface reconstruction. A mapping between the local strain data and the enriched surface data is subsequently trained using ensemble learning. This hybrid approach enables real-time, robust and high-order surface shape reconstruction. The sensing performance is evaluated in terms of accuracy, repeatability, and feasibility with numerous scenarios, which has not been demonstrated and reported on such a large-scale (A4-paper-size) sensor before.

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Diversification as a strategic direction for sustainable development of enterprises in the agricultural sector of the economy

Collected Works of Uman National University of Horticulture ◽

10.31395/2415-8240-2021-99-2-326-336 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (99) ◽

pp. 326-336

Author(s):

S. Sokolyuk ◽

◽

M. Koroteev ◽

O. Zharun ◽

O. Tupchiy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Agricultural Sector ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Environmental Safety ◽

Financial Economic ◽

Raw Material ◽

Added Value ◽

Industrial Processing ◽

Agricultural Enterprises ◽

Rational Combination

The diversification of the activities of agricultural enterprises is considered as a process of mastering the production of new or expanding the range of traditional types of products, which makes it possible to more fully realize the existing natural, biological, resource, production potential and helps to strengthen financial, economic and environmental safety, increases the competitiveness and efficiency of economic entities. Today, the need to diversify the activities of domestic agricultural enterprises is determined by a set of prerequisites, both general economic and specific. In modern realities, the overwhelming majority of farmers are focused on the production of the most liquid and least capital- and labor-intensive types of products with a short payback period. The economic results of agricultural enterprises in most cases directly depend on the efficiency of production of grain and oilseeds. Narrow specialization, and sometimes practically monoculture, increases the threats of agrobiological, ecological, and economic nature Diversification of their activities allows minimizing the risks of agricultural enterprises from unfavorable phenomena of agrotechnical and weather-climatic nature and unforeseen changes in market conditions. Optimization of the sectoral structure on the basis of a rational combination of the main, additional, and subsidiary industries ensures more efficient use of land and means of production, leads to the leveling of seasonality, and creates conditions for an enterprise to receive a guaranteed stable income. The priority for the diversification of large-scale agricultural production is its investment and innovative development with a rational combination of crop and livestock industries, the revival of the traditional for Ukraine industries of beet growing, vegetable growing, horticulture, cattle breeding, pig breeding, sheep breeding. Diversification of the activities of small and medium-sized producers provides for an orientation towards the production of products with a high level of labor intensity, environmentally friendly organic products, niche agriculture, the production of non-traditional agricultural products, green, agritourism, etc. The need to change the raw material nature of the agricultural sector of the Ukrainian economy determines the need to increase the industrial processing of agricultural raw materials. This will not only make it possible to obtain greater added value, but will also ensure the creation of additional jobs, will contribute to the growth of incomes of the population, and an increase in the revenues of budgets of all levels. The development of diversification processes guarantees a stable income and an increase in the profitability of agricultural producers and will also contribute to the implementation of national priorities for ensuring the country's food security, increasing employment, and solving social and material problems of peasants.

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ChemInform Abstract: Large-Scale Chromatography in Industrial Processing.

ChemInform ◽

10.1002/chin.199108345 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 22 (8) ◽

pp. no-no

Author(s):

G. GANETSOS ◽

P. E. BARKER

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Industrial Processing

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Surface Damage in Lamellar Lunar Regolith Grains

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100095923 ◽

1972 ◽

Vol 30 ◽

pp. 534-535

Author(s):

S. K. Asunmaa ◽

G. Arrhenius

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Lunar Regolith ◽

Energy Levels ◽

Surface Damage ◽

Electron Excitation ◽

Surface Erosion ◽

Reaction Products ◽

Subsurface Layers ◽

Continuous Surface ◽

Meteoroid Impact

Surface erosion and readhesion or absorption of reaction products (solid debris, gases, solidifying liquids) are the two main categories of continuous surface modifications on the submicroscopic and molecular level in the lunar regolith. The reactions on the atomistic level are induced by interactions of penetrating corpuscular radiation with the target lattice in its surface and subsurface layers. Ion implantation and electron excitation to higher energy levels into more or less shallow traps result in charge build-up. Charge redistribution is nondestructive, material redistribution by ion sputtering counteracts the erosive effects. Coherency strain along projectile paths is verified by increased susceptibility to various etching treatments. The sporadic large scale destructive effects are attributed to mechanical reactions, meteoroid impact, shock deformation, interface melting and spray of liquified silicates and metals.Occasional extensive disintegration of grain surfaces has been documented in the course of the fossil track, studies. The objective of the present investigation is to examine the response of the surface layer of selected regolith grains to mild etchants e.g. nonreactive polar solvents such as acetone.

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Performance analysis of 349-element adaptive optics unit for a coherent free space optical communication system

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-019-48338-3 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Leqiang Yang ◽

Kainan Yao ◽

Jianli Wang ◽

Jingtai Cao ◽

Xudong Lin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adaptive Optics ◽

Optical Communication ◽

Free Space ◽

High Speed ◽

Large Scale ◽

Mixing Efficiency ◽

Free Space Optical Communication ◽

Free Space Optical ◽

Space Optical Communication ◽

Continuous Surface

Abstract As a continuation of our previous work [Optics Express.25, 15229(2017)] in which we have verified the performance of a coherent free space optical communication (FSOC) system with a 97-element adaptive optics (AO) system, in this paper, we evaluated the performance improvement of the coherent FSOC system using a large-scale high-speed AO system with a 349-element continuous surface deformable mirror. The mixing efficiency (ME) and bit-error-rate (BER) under different Greenwood frequency (GF) were calculated as the performance metric of coherent FSOC system. The performance of FSOC system using such a large-scale AO system was quantitatively verified for the first time. The obtained results showed that the performance was obviously improved when a larger-scale high-speed AO system is employed in coherent FSOC system. This analysis result provides a performance verification for large-scale high-speed AO systems used in FSOC system which is beneficial for coherent FSOC system parameters design.

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Rational Design of Pepsin for Enhanced Thermostability via Exploiting the Guide of Structural Weakness on Stability

Frontiers in Physics ◽

10.3389/fphy.2021.755253 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

Yue Zhao ◽

Yulu Miao ◽

Fengdong Zhi ◽

Yue Pan ◽

Jianguo Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rational Design ◽

Large Scale ◽

Structural Characteristics ◽

Computational Design ◽

Scale Production ◽

Protein Thermostability ◽

Industrial Processing ◽

Large Scale Production ◽

Structural Weakness ◽

Software Programs

Enzyme thermostability is an important parameter for estimating its industrial value. However, most naturally produced enzymes are incapable of meeting the industrial thermostability requirements. Software programs can be utilized to predict protein thermostability. Despite the fast-growing number of programs designed for this purpose; few provide reliable applicability because they do not account for thermodynamic weaknesses. Aspartic proteases are widely used in industrial processing; however, their thermostability is not able to meet the large-scale production requirements. In this study, through analyzing structural characteristics and modifying thermostability using prediction software programs, we improved the thermostability of pepsin, a representative aspartic protease. Based on the structural characteristics of pepsin and the experimental results of mutations predicted by several energy-based prediction software programs, it was found that the majority of pepsin’s thermodynamic weaknesses lie on its flexible regions on the surface. Using computational design, mutations were made based on the predicted sites of thermodynamic weakness. As a result, the half-lives of mutants D52N and S129A at 70°C were increased by 200.0 and 66.3%, respectively. Our work demonstrated that in the effort of improving protein thermostability, identification of structural weaknesses with the help of computational design, could efficiently improve the accuracy of protein rational design.

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