scholarly journals The Speech Act of Naming in Context: A Linguistic Study of Naming in the Old Testament

Channels ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-34
Author(s):  
Lauren Yost
Keyword(s):  
Old Testament ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Linguistic Study

scholarly journals On the Linguistic Analysis of Fake News Texts in German Political Discourse

2020 ◽  
pp. 93-102
Author(s):  
Zhanna Nikonova ◽  
◽  
Ekaterina Soloveva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Political Communication ◽  
Political Discourse ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Speech Act Theory ◽  
Propositional Content ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Linguistic Study ◽  
Text Type ◽  
Functional Features ◽  
Perlocutionary Effect

The article analyzes fake news texts from the perspective of linguistic pragmatics and its key concept, speech act theory. The specificity of fake news lies in the fact that, while ontologically functioning as a carrier of factual information, this type of text contains intentionally false information deliberately presented as real facts, often rendered provocative. Linguistic study of the fake news phenomenon is especially relevant since there is a clear demand for effective tools that would help disclose fake news texts, understand their nature, and describe functional features of such texts in political communication. Analyzing the modern German political discourse, the authors identify a trend of using fake news texts to vilify and destroy the authority and reputation of certain political forces and describe a number of key features of fake news texts. The article outlines issues related to the linguistic study and verification of fake news texts with the hope to develop reliable models for describing this text type and to develop practical guidelines that would enable users to detect fake news in discourse. The study justifies the high explanatory potential of the speech act theory which offers objective means to examine the manipulation mechanism in fake news texts in terms of the illocutionary force and the perlocutionary effect of an utterance. The analysis of the illocutionary struc-ture of fake news messages leads to the conclusion that false propositional content in conjunction with the constitutive rules of the illocution “statement” of the text type “news” is conditional on the high perlocutionary effect of fake news in the modern German political discourse. The article evaluates the prospects of studying fake news texts from within the paradigm of the speech act theory and links them to identifying linguistic markers of deliberate distortion of the true propositional content.

The refusal of request speech act in Persian, English, and Balouchi languages: A cross-cultural and cross-linguistic study

2019 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Moafian ◽  
Naji Yazdi ◽  
Abdullah Sarani
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Linguistic Study ◽  
Persian Language ◽  
Completion Task ◽  
The Social ◽  
Status Level

Abstract The study examined the realization of refusal of request speech act in Persian, English, and Balouchi languages. 219 individuals participated in the study. Discourse completion task was employed to elicit the participants’ refusals. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square were used to analyze the data. The findings revealed the existence of statistically significant differences among the three groups of speakers concerning both the total frequencies and the frequencies of direct, indirect, and adjuncts to refusals strategies. Furthermore, concerning social status, no statistically significant differences were detected either for total number of strategies or for the number of strategies in main categories in each language, except for the indirect strategies among Persian speakers. In Persian language, with the increase in the interlocutors’ social status level, the increase in the number of indirect strategies was discerned. Likewise, the frequency differences of some semantic formulas were statistically significant regarding the social status in each language.

scholarly journals A Pragmatic Study of Emotional Expressions in Selected Literary Texts

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abeer Nabiel Rashad ◽  
Prof. Dr. Abdulkarim Fadhil Jameel
Keyword(s):  
Speech Act ◽  
Literary Text ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Emotional Expressions ◽  
Linguistic Study ◽  
Feeling State ◽  
Theoretical Account ◽  
Expression Of Emotions ◽  
Pragmatic Study ◽  
The Way

Emotional expressions are perceptible verbal and nonverbal practices that communicate an inner emotional or full of feeling state. Emotions give sense to our exists and let us care for ourselves and others. They make us human. Without emotion, we would be like machines that work to serve a purpose but without any definite meaning. Emotions are one of the most vital aspects of our lives. They give meaning to life and the way in which we communicate with the individuals around us. The emotional expressions are (Happiness, Sadness, Fear, Disgust, Contempt, Surprise, Anger, Acceptance, Anguish, Interest, Shame ,Shyness, Guilt, Anticipation). The present research is a linguistic study that aims at revealing and studying the pragmatic perspectives of emotional expressions in selected literary texts . The study presents a clear theoretical account of the notion of emotion, its types, polarity, intensity and the way it can be conceptually analyzed. The research also offers some other related concepts that pertain to pragmatics, speech act. So, the purpose of this study to answer the questions: What are the emotional expressions used in the literary texts? and,?, investigating the variant types, the polarity and intensity of these emotional expressions. Because it creates the situations for the largest functional presentation of their pragmatic potential, a literary text was chosen as the source of emotional expressions. To realize the aims, Ekman(1992) as a model of emotions is used to analyze four literary texts that selected randomly . The research found that emotional expressions help to better comprehension of the speaker’s illocution and that linguistic factors determine the severity (intensity) of illocution. The expression of emotions clarifies the speaker’s intent and enhanced the pragmatic results. Moreover, it has been shown that the context discovers the exact intention. In addition, this study reveals that literary texts employ the anger as the major emoti

A Linguistic Study of Speech Act and Automatic Speech Act Classification for Korean Tutorial Dialog

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (8) ◽  
pp. 807-815
Author(s):  
Youngeun Koo ◽  
Jiyoun Kim ◽  
Munpyo Hong ◽  
Youngkil Kim
Keyword(s):  
Speech Act ◽  
Linguistic Study

scholarly journals A Cross-linguistic Study of Person Agreement in Imposter Constructions

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Kaori Furuya
Keyword(s):  
Speech Act ◽  
Object Relation ◽  
Linguistic Variation ◽  
Personal Pronouns ◽  
Linguistic Study ◽  
Imposter Phenomenon ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Person Agreement

This paper provides an analysis of person agreement in the imposter phenomenon studied by Collins & Postal (2012). In the constructions, full DPs are used to refer to speech-act participants like personal pronouns. Nonetheless, person agreement caused by imposters morphsyntactically varies in a subject-verb relation and subject-object relation cross-linguistically. Moreover, members of the classes of imposters are also not identical among languages. These patterns differ from those of personal pronouns. The paper argues that dual properties of the person feature (semantic and morphological) do not always coincide, leading to agreement alternations in PF. Furthermore, the D head does not always involve the person feature value, which induces dialectal and cross-linguistic variation. The analysis shows that regardless of the cross-linguistic variations, the syntactic operation for agreement is uniform in imposter constructions.

scholarly journals The Word "Baal" in the old Testament (A Comparative Semitic Linguistic Study)

2017 ◽  
Vol 223 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-216
Author(s):  
Assist prof. Dr. Qusay Abdulhadi Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Old Testament ◽  
Linguistic Study ◽  
Plural Form

The word "baal" means "husband", and the plural form is "baoola". The wife is likewise called "baal" or "baala". "Baal" is a Semitic noun for a Canaanite god or a god's son and husband to goddess "baala" or "Asheera" or "Ishtaroot". He was known as the god Hood who was a god of fields and cattle fertility. In sum, worshipping "baal" was common among the peoples of the East in the old time; that is why, we find he had different names. The reason was that each nation used a name that was known among its people. Any of his names would often start with "baal" and end with the name of that land or city. Alternatively, it would start with something attached to it, such as "baalfaghoor" or "Beelzebub". "Baal" had many priests who used to cheat people with their magic and sorcery which they relate to their god.

scholarly journals Agedness’ Terms in the Book of Ecclesiastes the Twelfth Sanitation : A Comparative Semitic Linguistic Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 225 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-319
Author(s):  
Assist prof :Qusay Abdulhadi Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Old Testament ◽  
Linguistic Study ◽  
Actual Experience

This study is devoted to tackle senility (Agedness) in the Book of Ecclesiastes which is the twenty one Book of the Old Testament. It is called so "Kazr" and Ecclesiastes in the seventieth translation. The name Ecclesiastes refers to Sleman Ibn Dawood the king in Jerusalem who is a one of the pioneers in Jerusalem who is known for his wisdom and richness. Sleman in his senility preaches a great lesson of his life, and the strength of his soul, through expressing his feelings and attitudes towards the life.   Hence, he refers to his actual experience while being a king, indicating that everything was false. In this paper, we talked about what the word "Aya" means in the Book of Ecclesiastes. We have also compared between the two "Aya"s as they consist of a noun and, a letter and a vowel. In case of their recurrence, they are not to be compared for fear of confusion.

scholarly journals Uku Masingu luule arhailine kujundisüsteem / The Archaic Figurative System of Uku Masing’s

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Külliki Kuusk
Keyword(s):  
Old Testament ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Conceptual Metaphor ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
Poetic Language ◽  
Religious Poetry ◽  
Analytical Phase ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The University

Teesid: Artikkel vaatleb Uku Masingu poeetilist keelekasutust, täpsemalt tema metafoorsete keeleväljendite mõistmise ja moodustamise protsesse. Lähenedes tema luulele kognitiivse keeleteaduse meetoditega, kirjeldatakse, kuidas boreaalne vaimsus toob esile Masingu luule boreaalset isikupära.S U M M A R YThis paper focuses on the poetic language use of Estonian poet and theologian Uku Masing, and more speci­fically on his comprehension and construction of metaphorical linguistic expressions. One of the most unique authors in Estonian literature, his exceptional intellect and body of work, which covers a range of topics, have established him as a phenomenal figure in Estonian culture. Masing was a part of the ‘academics generation’ of Estonian literature in the 1930s. He completed his master’s degree at the age of twenty-one on the science of the Old Testament and Semitic philology (1930) and was probably one of the youngest MA degree holders at the University of Tartu at the time. Upon receiving his PhD in 1934, he published his first collection of poetry.Uku Masing’s religious poetry is a unique phenomenon in Estonian literature, both in its style and form. His poetry is so multi-layered that we could truthfully call him a mystic, shaman, soothsayer, or visionary, which explains the difficulty different generations have had in understanding him. It is important to note that being a poet and theologian during the years of Soviet Occupation (1940–1991) meant the doors to most publications were closed to Masing; therefore, aside from Neemed vihmade lahte (1935), he composed all of his poetry collections without considering the possibility of publishing them. Masing’s bibliography is a telling example of Soviet censorship and the lack of freedom of expression. The reception of his poetry at home showed signs of awakening after the political situation changed in 1987; however, ten more years passed before the first appearances of research on Masing’s work and worldview.The formation of Masing’s individual style would not have been possible without examples or fulcrum, which he found from his the surrounding culture, namely from archaic Estonian folksong (regilaul) traditions. Masing uses repetition the same way as it is appears in Estonian folksongs, through semantic parallelism with varying subjects of repetition. Via variation, he pursues precise expressions in such a way that his poetics resembles regilaul while retaining similarities to collective mythological patterns and religious influences.This paper illustrates the importance of the linguistic role of the ”I“ speech act in the interpretation of Masing’s poetic figures, including parallelism, and relies partially on pragmatics, since poetic figures in his poetry refer not only to the individual speech act of the here and now, but also to the subjective mythological reality of the ”I“ in an utterance. To describe a speech event in Masing’s poetry, one must first assume that his poetry is understood as a dialogical sensory or communication act. Secondly, when observing referentiality, one must assume that different levels of language use (i.e., the differentiation of Saussure’s langue and parole) also exist, which influence the semantic understanding of the sentence and utterance level of his work.Until recently, the hidden and repetitive patterns in Masing’s work have largely gone unnoticed. To many, his poetic language consists of a lexicon known only to him. When considering the basis of his creative process, I find that conceptual theory of metaphor, a cognitive linguistic approach popularized in the 1980s, helps to make sense of his poetic language system and, additionally, to differentiate the archaic boreal mentality and mytho-poetic symbols containing universal cultural meaning.The current article primarily uses material from Masing’s 1930s body of work, but also references later periods when necessary. I will show how Masing’s creative conscious is based on image schema, which in turn are based on archaic mythological patterns. These patterns form a corresponding system of concept formation in the text.The primary goal of this analysis is to observe Masing’s body of work, regardless of genre, be it poetry or prose, fact or fiction. Although many critics have analyzed Masing’s linguistic and theological ideas, mostly drawing from his essays and articles, this paper’s author finds that Masing’s poetry and essays are not two separate phenomena, but rather originate from one cultural-philosophical foundation.The article starts by following Masing’s own three-step division of the evolution of culture/belief: primal symbiosis – analytical phase – new synthesis. These three steps are considered to be different aspects of the human mentality, and accordingly, can be used to differentiate conceptual metaphor as different degrees of the ”I“ identity. Masing’s metaphorical models are constructed from his poetic utterances and divided into two large groups. This article aims to explain how conceptual metaphor based on experience can be interpreted on a wider cultural level as well as how boreal spirituality gives rise to Masing’s poetic boreal identity. 

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