Influence of nanocarboxylates of biogenic metals on germination energy and on laboratory germination of soybean seeds

Six varieties were chosen from three different maturity groups: Galina and NS Princeza (0), Sava and NS Apolo (I), and Rubin and NS Zita (II) in order to examine the effect of priming on germination energy depending on soybean seed age. The seeds were produced in the period from 2012 to 2014, i.e., one- to three-year-old seeds were used. The following treatments were used for priming: distilled water - hydropriming (H2O), ascorbic acid 250 mg/l (ASA), folic acid 15 mg/l (Fol.), hydrogen peroxide 1% (H2O2), and control - non-treated seeds (C). Results showed that the effects of priming depended on the variety, seed age, as well as on the applied treatment. Some varieties reacted to priming very well, while others had an inhibited reaction, so germination energy was significantly reduced. Rubin variety had the most favourable reaction, whereby all treatments of this variety led to an increase of quality, with an average increase of 2-8%. The application of primers on one-year-old soybean seeds had a weaker effect than on two- and three-year-old seeds. However, one-year-old seeds had minor oscillations in quality due to priming. The application of priming on one-year-old seeds can lead to an increase or decrease of germination energy by 3%, while two- and three-year-old seeds reached 7%. The results showed that seed priming in ascorbic acid had a positive effect, while the application of other primers did not affect the value of germination energy, nor did it lead to a decrease of its value. Ascorbic acid activity led to the largest increase in the quality of three-year-old soybean seeds by 2.83%, while the increase in the quality of two- and three-year-old seeds was 1.87%. Therefore, we can conclude that there is no universal use of one single primer, as it might not be suitable for each particular variety and can ultimately result in the seed quality decrease.

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Influence of CeO2 nanoparticles on seed germination and synthesis of phenols in spruce seedlings

Ukrainian Journal of Forest and Wood Science ◽

10.31548/forest2020.03.004 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

Author(s):

A. P. Pinchuk ◽

A. F. Likhanov ◽

I. V. Ivanyuk ◽

M. Ya. Spivak

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Cerium Dioxide ◽

Phenolic Antioxidants ◽

Germination Energy ◽

Planting Material ◽

Nanocrystalline Structures ◽

Nanocrystalline Cerium Dioxide ◽

Living Organisms ◽

Biogenic Metals

Modern technologies make it possible to obtain nanoparticles of biogenic metals for use as an additional source of micronutrient for plants. However, the complexity of mass application of nanosized metal particles and their oxides is due to the significant differences in physicochemical properties of nanocrystalline structures which are dependent on production technology, nanoparticle size, surface charge (-potential), and stabilization methods. The biocompatibility and nature of nanoparticles has an impact on living organisms. Regarding the effectiveness and feasibility of using cerium dioxide nanoparticles in crop practice, there is no definitive conclusion. Due to difficulty in the preparation of planting material for seedlings of conifers, the study of the effect of nanocrystalline cerium dioxide on plants is not well researched. The aim of our research was to study the effect of nanocrystalline cerium dioxide solution on the germination of spruce seeds and then to evaluate its effect on the synthesis of phenols as components of the antioxidant system within seedlings. The research used methods for determining the germination energy and seed similarities. Other methods used in this research were determining the content of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and phenolic antioxidants. The results showed that nanocrystalline cerium dioxide in a concentration of solution from 0.1 to 1.0 mg/mL stimulates the germination of spruce seeds. Under the influence of nanoparticles at a concentration of 0.1 mg/L in the tissues of spruce seedlings increases the content of phenolic compounds. The increase in antioxidant activity of phenols in seedling tissues while decreasing their total amount at a concentration of nanocrystalline cerium dioxide from 0.5 to 1.0 mg/L occurs when increasing the total pool of flavonoids, which are determined by high antioxidant activity. Nanocrystalline cerium dioxide is a promising material for stimulating germination energy and on the overall germination of spruce seeds.

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Results of research of pre-sowing disinfection of seeds in an electric field

Mehanization and electrification of agricultural ◽

10.37204/0131-2189-2020-11-21 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 178-186

Author(s):

Y. V. Gerasymchuk ◽

O. I. Adamenko ◽

V. G. Sahnevych ◽

O. M. Nychyporuk ◽

Y. M. Berlinec ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electric Field ◽

Field Experiment ◽

Corona Discharge ◽

Electrostatic Field ◽

Simultaneous Action ◽

Small Scale ◽

Soybean Seeds ◽

Germination Energy ◽

Maize Seeds ◽

Model Sample

Annotation Purpose. Determine the effect of pre-sowing disinfection of seeds in an electric field on the indicators of sowing qualities and yielding properties. Methods. Analysis of the effect of the decontamination factors of the electric field on the pathogenic microflora of agricultural seeds and the creation of a model sample of electrotechnological means for its disinfection. Small-scale and laboratory experiments to determine the influence on the sowing qualities and yielding properties of seeds while simultaneously acting on the decontamination factors of an electric field. Results. Scheme of a model sample of an electrotechnological tool with simultaneous action on seeds of agricultural disinfectants of electrostatic field, corona discharge and ozone. Indicators of sowing qualities and yielding properties of “Terek” soybean seeds according to the results of small-field field experiment after pre-sowing decontamination in an electric field. Dependence of germination energy and laboratori likeness of wheat and maize seeds on the duration of simultaneous action of decontamination factors of electrostatic field, corona discharge and ozone. Conclusions. The simultaneous action of the decontamination factors of the electrostatic field, the corona discharge field and the ozone on soybean seeds improves its indicators of sowing qualities and yielding properties. In relation to control (seeds without disinfection in an electric field) the yield increase is 13.8–18.6%. The current tendency to reduce the duration of pest control is to increase the voltage of the electric field to 5.3 кV/сm. Disinfection of wheat and maize seeds in an electric field increases germination energy by 8–11% and laboratory germination by 5–9%. The highest value of germination energy was obtained with the duration of decontamination 30 min. Keywords: seeds, decontamination, electric field, simultaneous effect of decontamination factors, field experiment.

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Quality of soybean seeds depending on herbicides applied to various plant grounding

Bulletin of Science and Practice ◽

10.33619/2414-2948/39/20 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 152-158

Author(s):

F. Omarov ◽

A. Aytemirov ◽

M. Magomedova ◽

U. Magomedov

Keyword(s):

Quality Characteristics ◽

Pure Form ◽

Soybean Seeds ◽

Chestnut Soils ◽

Pests And Diseases ◽

Significant Negative Effect ◽

Germination Energy ◽

Negative Effect ◽

Narrow Row

On meadow–chestnut soils of Dagestan, in irrigated conditions, in a multifactorial experience, the dependence of the quality characteristics of soybean seeds on sowing methods, seeding rates and the systematic use of herbicides has been studied. It was established that physical qualities of seeds were better on variants with the use of herbicides treflan and permethrin, in pure form and in a mixture. A decrease in the physical qualities of soybean seeds is observed during the transition to more thickened, narrow–row seeding. Systemic use of herbicides: bazagran on the background treflan + prometrin increases germination energy, laboratory and field. On the same background of herbicides in thickened crops, these figures are significantly reduced. The herbicides tested did not affect the damage to seeds by pests and diseases and did not have a significant negative effect on the accumulation of protein in soybean seeds.

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PRIMING AS THE FACTOR OF INCREASE OF EFFICIENCY SEED PRODUCTION OF BIRDSFOOT TREFOIL

Multifunctional adaptive fodder production ◽

10.33814/mak-2020-24-72-94-105 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Vladimir Zolotarev

Keyword(s):

Seed Production ◽

Characteristic Property ◽

Seed Priming ◽

Lotus Corniculatus ◽

Birdsfoot Trefoil ◽

Germination Energy ◽

Field Germination

A characteristic property of legumes is the formation of hard-stone seeds. To use such seeds for sowing, it is necessary to carry out measures to increase their seeding indicators. The article provides an overview of methods of pre-sowing preparation of seeds, priming (Seed Priming). The harvest of Birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) can contain up to 90% or more hard-stone seeds. Mechanical priming of hard-stone seeds of Birdsfoot trefoil increases their germination energy and field germination.

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METHODS OF RAISING SEED GERMINATION RATE AND GERMINATION ENERGY IN CROPS FROM THE FAMILY Brassicaceae Burnett: (GUIDELINES)

10.30901/978-5-907145-43-6 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

D.L. Kornyukhin ◽

◽

A.M. Artemeva ◽

S.S. Abremskaya ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Germination Rate ◽

Germination Energy ◽

The Family

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Productivity and quality of soybean seeds with different fertilization on podzolized chernozem

Collected Works of Uman National University of Horticulture ◽

10.31395/2415-8240-2020-97-1-136-144 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (97) ◽

pp. 136-144

Author(s):

H.M. Hospodarenko ◽

◽

I.V. Prokopchuk ◽

K. P. Leonova ◽

V.P. Boyko

Keyword(s):

Crop Rotation ◽

Crop Yields ◽

Spring Barley ◽

Mineral Fertilizer ◽

Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽

Mineral Fertilizers ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

Soybean Seeds ◽

Different Doses

The productivity of agricultural crops is the most variable and integral indicator of their vital activity, which accumulates their genetic potential, soil fertility, weather conditions and components of agricultural technology. Soybean under optimal growing conditions (the reaction of the soil is close to neutral, sufficient phosphorus and potassium nutrition, the use of nitraginization) assimilates from the air about 70 % of the total nitrogen requirement. Therefore, it is believed that it is enough to apply only a starting dose of nitrogen fertilizers (20–40 kg/ha a. s.), to get a high yield with good indicators of grain quality. The results of studies of the influence of long-term (8 years) application of different doses and ratios of fertilizers in field crop rotation on podzolized chernozem in the conditions of the Right -Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine on the yield and quality of soybean seeds preceded by spring barley were presented. It was found that crop yields could be increased by 18–77 % owing to different doses, ratios and types of fertilizers. The highest indicators of seed yields for three years of the research (3,02 t/ha) were obtained under the application of mineral fertilizers at a dose of N110P60K80 per 1 ha of crop rotation area, including under soybean – N60P60K60. Exclusion of the nitrogen component from the complete fertilizer (N60P60K60) reduced its yield by 26 %, phosphorus – by 17, and potassium by 11 %. There was no significant decrease in soybean yield in the variant of the experiment with a decrease in the proportion of potassium in the composition of complete mineral fertilizer (N60P60K30) for three years of study. The largest mass of 1000 soybean seeds was formed at doses of N60К60 fertilizers, and their protein content — under the application of complete mineral fertilizer in doses of N60P60K60 and N60P60K30.

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