METHODS OF RAISING SEED GERMINATION RATE AND GERMINATION ENERGY IN CROPS FROM THE FAMILY Brassicaceae Burnett: (GUIDELINES)

Suaeda moquinii (Torrey) Greene (desert blite), a succulent shrub in the family Chenopodiaceae, is widely distributed in salt marshes of the western United States. Suaeda moquinii produces dimorphic seeds (soft brown and hard black). Both types of seeds were collected from a salt marsh in Faust, Utah. Experiments were conducted to determine the seed germination responses of the black and brown seeds to salinity and temperature. Brown seeds were found to be one of the most salt tolerant at the germination stage when compared to other halophytes. Brown seeds germinated (30%) at 1000 mM NaCl, but only a few black seeds germinated (8%) at 600 mM NaCl. Seed germination occurred in most saline treatments at the lowest thermoperiod (5–15˚C) tested. In some salinity treatments (600, 800, 1000 mM), further increases in temperature resulted in progressively decreased seed germination. Brown seeds germinated better and had a higher germination rate (germination velocity) than black seeds at all thermoperiods. The highest rate of germination of black seeds occurred at the lowest thermoperiod (5–15˚C). Recovery of germination for black seeds when transferred to distilled water after being in various salinity treatments for 20 days was nearly complete (82–100%) at the lowest thermoperiod (5–15˚C) but decreased with increase in the temperature. Brown seeds recovered substantially (59–97%) from salinity at all thermoperiods. Regression analyses indicated significant differences between the germination recovery of the black and brown seeds.

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Effect of salinity, light, and temperature on germination in Allenrolfea occidentalis

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b98-204 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 77 (2) ◽

pp. 240-246 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Bilquees Gul ◽

Darrell J Weber

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Salt Marshes ◽

Germination Rate ◽

Distilled Water ◽

Western North America ◽

Temperature Regimes ◽

The Family ◽

Nacl Concentration ◽

Perennial Shrub ◽

Allenrolfea Occidentalis

Allenrolfea occidentalis (S. Wats.) Kuntze, a halophytic perennial shrub in the family Chenopodiaceae, is widely distributed in inland salt marshes and salt playas of western North America. Experiments were conducted to determine the effects of NaCl, light, and temperature on seed germination and their recovery of germination from saline conditions after being transferred to distilled water. Seeds of A. occidentalis were germinated at various temperatures (5:15, 10:20, 10:30, 15:25, 20:30, and 25:35°C (night:day)) and salinities (0, 200, 400, 600, 800, and 1000 mM NaCl) in a 12 h light : 12 h dark photoperiod and in 24 h darkness. Increases in NaCl concentration progressively inhibited seed germination, and this inhibition was greater in the dark than in light. No seeds germinated at concentrations higher than 800 mM NaCl. Cooler temperatures significantly inhibited germination in all treatments, while regimes of high night (25°C) and high day (35°C) temperatures showed higher germination. Rate of germination decreased with an increase in salinity. Germination rate was higher at 25:35°C and lower at 5:15°C. Seeds were transferred from salt solutions to distilled water after 20 days, and those from high salinities recovered quickly at all temperature regimes. Recovery germination percentages at higher salinities varied from 51 to 100% at various temperatures, but recovery of germination of seeds from salt stress was significantly affected by temperature regime.Key words: Allenrolfea occidentalis, halophyte, light, recovery of seed germination, salt playas, thermoperiod, Utah.

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Moisture level effect on seed longevity of wheat species representatives

Genetičnì resursi roslin (Plant Genetic Resources) ◽

10.36814/pgr.2019.24.10 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 121-128

Author(s):

M.Yu. Skorokhodov ◽

R.L. Boguslavskyi ◽

V.S. Lyutenko

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Moisture Content ◽

Germination Rate ◽

Accelerated Aging ◽

Seed Longevity ◽

High Plasticity ◽

Wheat Species ◽

Seed Moisture Content ◽

Germination Energy ◽

Seed Moisture

Аim. To determine the optimum moisture content and comparative longevity of seeds of wheat species accessions for long-term storage according to the results of the “accelerated seed aging” experiment. Results and Discussion. There was estimated seed longevity of the representatives of wheat species Triticum aestivum L., T. spelta L., T. durum Desf., T. dicoccum (Schrank) Schuebl., T. monococcum L., T. sinskajae A. Filat. et Kurk. of three reproduction years – 2014, 2016 and 2017, at three moisture levels – 5 %, 6 % and 7 % in the experiment with accelerated aging. Germination energy and germination rate depended on the year conditions, seed moisture, the interactions year – genotype, year – seed moisture and all three factors: year conditions, seed moisture, genotype (influence power from 16.1 to 20.1). Accelerated aging caused decrease in seed germination energy and germination rate in almost all samples at all three moisture levels. Under the accelerated aging, with an increase in seed moisture content from 5 % to 7 %, on average by the accessions, the seed germination energy (from 83 % to 63 %) and germination rate (from 90 % to 68 %) decreased on samples. At all three moisture levels, relatively high germination energy and germination rate after accelerated aging had T.monococcum (86-95 % and 88-97 %) and Polba 3 (74-96 % and 85-98 %). A low germination energy (66-69 % и 68-77 %) and germination rate showed T.sinskajae UA0300224 (66-69 %) and T.durum Spadschyna (56-75 % и 61-92 %). At all three seed moisture levels, the high plasticity of germination energy had T.sinskajae UA0300224 and T.durum Spadschina, germination rate – T.sinskajae. With all three seed moisture levels, T.sinskajae UA0300224 and T.aestivum Harkivska 26 were characterized by stable germination rate. Conclusions. The highest seed longevity of the studied accessions is provided by moisture of 5%, less but close longevity – the moisture of 6%. The least longevity in three test options had seeds with 7 % moisture content. Among studied accessions of wheat species most longevous seeds had T.monococcum UA0300439 and Polba 3. The seeds of T.sinskajae UA0300224 and T.astivum PI619379 were less longevous.

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Seed germination in the Great Basin halophyte Salsola iberica

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b02-046 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 80 (6) ◽

pp. 650-655 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

M Ajmal Khan ◽

Bilquees Gul ◽

Darrell J Weber

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Great Basin ◽

Germination Rate ◽

Distilled Water ◽

Salt Solutions ◽

Temperature Regimes ◽

The Family ◽

Nacl Concentration ◽

Salsola Iberica ◽

Salt Desert

Salsola iberica Sennen & Pau, a halophytic forb in the family Chenopodiaceae, is widely distributed in inland salt deserts of Utah and widespread in North America. Experiments were conducted to determine the effects of NaCl and temperature on seed germination and their recovery of germination from saline conditions after being transferred to distilled water. Seeds of S. iberica were germinated at various temperatures and at various salinities in a 12 h light : 12 h dark photoperiod to determine their germinability under these conditions. Increases in NaCl concentration progressively inhibited seed germination. Few seeds germinated at 1000 mM NaCl. Cooler temperatures significantly inhibited germination, while high night (25°C) and high day (35°C) temperature regimes showed higher germination. Rate of germination decreased with an increase in salinity. Germination rate was higher at 2535°C and lower at 515°C temperatures. Seeds were transferred from salt solutions to distilled water after 20 days, and those from low salinities recovered quickly at cooler temperature regimes. Recovery germination percentages substantially decreased with an increase in salinity and temperature.Key words: halophyte, recovery of seed germination, Salsola iberica, salt desert, thermoperiod, Utah.

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Growth and development of Lycium barbarum L. in the environment of Samarkand in Uzbekistan

Plant Science Today ◽

10.14719/pst.2021.8.2.919 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 278-282

Author(s):

Nodira Nurullayeva ◽

Khislat Haydarov ◽

Zebiniso Umurzakova ◽

Dilfuza Safarova

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Plant Development ◽

Growth And Development ◽

Germination Rate ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Growing Season ◽

Reproductive Period ◽

Lycium Barbarum ◽

The Family

Shrub Lycium barbarum belongs of the family Solanaceae, is introduced and does not occur naturally in Uzbekistan. Despite its numerous medicinal characteristics, in Uzbekistan, its growth and development have not been studied. Therefore, our primary goal was to study the germination of seeds, stages of ontogenesis and some morphological signs of fruits. The highest seed germination rate of 74±0,12% as at the 20 degree C. When studying ontogenesis, plant development was divided into ten stages and four periods. The pre-reproductive period lasted 1-2 years. The reproductive period was determined for 2-3 years from the beginning of the growing season. For several months, an analysis of the changes in the morphological characteristics of the fruits of L. barbarum was carried out and in May, relatively large ripened fruits were determined (length 2.18 ± 0.09, width 1.14 ± 0.11).

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Seed Germination of Some Flower Species Under Influence of Different Light Conditions

Агрознање ◽

10.7251/agren1602183t ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 183

Author(s):

Monika Tkalec ◽

Тijana Mirković ◽

Mario Mitrović ◽

Nada Parađiković ◽

Jasna Kraljičak ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Blue Light ◽

White Light ◽

Germination Rate ◽

Dianthus Caryophyllus ◽

Light Conditions ◽

Germination Energy ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Set Up ◽

Local Store

The aim of this study was to examine germination energy and seed germination rate of some flower species under influence of different light conditions. Seeds of Zinnia elegans Jacq., Dianthus caryophyllus L. and Callistephus chinensis (L.) Nees that were used in the research were purchased in local store. Experiment was set up in three replicates for each light treatment and each flower species. Petri dishes with seeds were placed in growth chamber under artificial white and blue light under 12hL/12hD photoperiod. Results showed no significant difference in germination energy and total germination of investigated flower species in respect of light. Zinnia seedlings were significantly longer on white light, while Dianthus seedlings were longer on blue light. Both, length and fresh weight of Callistephus seedlings were greater on white light. The absence of significant differences between measured parameters under examined light regimes suggests that germination of Zinnia, Dianthus and Callistephus is not photosensitive.

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Biological Features Of Glycyrriza Glabra L. Growing In The Vicinity Of Termez

The American Journal of Agriculture and Biomedical Engineering ◽

10.37547/tajabe/volume02issue11-11 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 02 (11) ◽

pp. 59-63

Author(s):

Dzhumaev Khudayberdi Kurbandurdiyevich ◽

◽

Fozilov Shershod Musurmonovich ◽

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Germination Rate ◽

Main Root ◽

Biological Features ◽

Germination Energy ◽

The Republic

The article provides data on the aboveground and underground parts of Glycyrrhizaglabra L. Licorice, which grows on the floodplains of the Surkhandarya River (south of the Republic of Uzbekistan). The length of the main root of the plant reaches 104 cm, the diameter is 6.6 cm. The horizontal roots reach up to 103 cm. The seed germination rate is low - 45.7%, the germination energy on the 6th day is 16.7%. The best way to reproduce is vegetative.

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Investigation effect of the throughput combine on the quality of grain separated by a preliminary threshing device

Mehanization and electrification of agricultural ◽

10.37204/0131-2189-2019-9-8 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 72-80

Author(s):

Sheychenko , V. ◽

Kuzmich, A. ◽

Dudnikov, I. ◽

Shevchuk, M.

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Least Squares Method ◽

Germination Rate ◽

Germination Energy ◽

High Germination ◽

Combine Harvester ◽

High Level ◽

Level Loading ◽

Experimental Researches ◽

The Mathematical Model

Purpose. Improving the efficiency of the combine harvester by establishing the effect its throughput (thresher loading) on the quality indicators of the grain separated by a preliminary threshing device. Methods. Experimental researches were carried out using the method planning and conducting single-factor experiments. The processing of experimental results was carried out taking into account the methods by regression analysis. The approximation of the experimental dependencies by the mathematical model was performed using the least squares method using the statistical software package STATISTIKA-6.5. Results. A combined technological process transportation and threshing of grain-straw mass (GSM) was developed, which is based on a preliminary threshing device and takes into account the differences in the interaction of GSM with the device drum bars. The identity the processes change in the energy of germination and seed germination culture germination depending on the level loading for all the considered device options is noted. For each device option, a rational value throughput is established, which corresponds to a high level of germination energy. Conclusions. The highest germination energy level harvested grain is 99% set for a header, the drum of which contains four strips, when the combine thresher is loaded at 7.5 kg/s. For a serial header, a high germination rate of 92% is set when the thresher is loaded at 8.5–9.5 kg/s; for a header with a preliminary threshing device with a whip under the drum at 97% when loading 6–7 kg/s; for a header with a smooth drum 94.0–94.5% with a threshing load of 8–9 kg/s; for the reaper, the drum of which contains two strips about 95% when loading the thresher 3–4 kg/s, respectively. Comparing with the serial, for a header with the four slats drum, a higher 7% level of seed germination has been noted with a slight (1.0–1.5 kg/s) reduction in the capacity of the combine. Keywords: combine harvester, header, device for preliminary threshing of grain, grain-straw mass, germination energy, seed germination.

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TEMPERATURE - GERMINATION RESPONSES OF SUNFLOWER (Helianthus annuus L.) GENOTYPES / GERMINACION COMO REACCION A LA TEMPERATURA EN LOS GENOTIPOS DEL GIRASOL (Helianthus annuus L.) / GERMINATION - RÉACTION À LA TEMPÉRATURE DANS LES GÉNOTYPES DE TOURNESOL (Helianthus annuus L.)

Helia ◽

10.1515/helia.2000.23.33.97 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 23 (33) ◽

pp. 97-104

Author(s):

F.M. Khalifa ◽

A.A. Schneiter ◽

E.I. El Tayeb

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Helianthus Annuus ◽

Maximum Rate ◽

Germination Rate ◽

Thermal Time ◽

Large Temperature ◽

Climatic Zones ◽

Helianthus Annuus L ◽

Wide Range ◽

Cardinal Temperature

SUMMARY Seed germination of six sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) hybrids was investigated across a range of eleven constant temperatures between 5°C and 45°C. Large temperature differences in germination rate 1/t (d-1), cardinal temperature (°C) and thermal time θ (°cd) were observed among hybrids. Base temperatures (Tb) varied between 3.3°C and 6.7°C whereas maximum germination temperatures (Tm) varied between 41.7°C and 48.9°C. Final germination fraction was attained at 15°C - 25°C whereas the maximum rate of germination was attained at 30.4°C - 35.6°C. The maximum germination rate of hybrid USDA 894, the cultivar with the slowest germination rate, was only 50% of that of hybrid EX 47. The low Tb and high Tm of sunflower appear to be one of the factors which explain the successful adaptation of sunflower to a wide range of temperature. These findings are discussed in relation to the origin of the crop and its wide adaptations in diverse habitats and climatic zones.

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