Tuberculin Testing of Children

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 628-630
Author(s):  
Phyllis Q. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Personal Experience ◽  
Tuberculin Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Routine Procedure ◽  
Individual Basis ◽  
Tuberculin Testing ◽  
Tuberculin Tests

The pediatrician should review and analyze tuberculin test results based on his personal experience. This analysis coupled with knowledge of the tuberculosis situation in the community from which he draws his patients will suggest the degree to which he continues to perform tuberculin tests as a routine procedure. In effect, personal judgment of the pediatrician must determine on an individual basis whether tuberculin testing is necessary.

Frequency of tuberculin testing

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-161
Author(s):  
Alex J. Steigman ◽  
Edwin L. Kendig
Keyword(s):  
American Academy ◽  
Personal Experience ◽  
Tuberculin Test ◽  
First Year ◽  
Test Results ◽  
American Academy Of Pediatrics ◽  
Tuberculin Testing ◽  
First Year Of Life

In a statement from the Section on Diseases of the Chest of the American Academy of Pediatrics entitled "The Tuberculin Test,"1 the second paragraph of a comprehensive article begins as follows: "A routine tuberculin test should be performed sometime during the first year of life and annually or biennially thereafter." This recommendation for the frequency of routine tuberculin testing differs from that currently proposed by others. The same issue of Pediatrics contains an article by Dr. Phyllis Q. Edwards entitled "Tuberculin Testing of Children."2 The Summary of the article states "The pediatrician should review and analyze tuberculin test results based on his personal experience.

scholarly journals Observations on the incidence of herds with non-visible lesioned tuberculin test reactors in south-west England

1987 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Wilesmith ◽  
D. R. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Tuberculin Test ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Test Results ◽  
The South ◽  
Relative Risks ◽  
West Region ◽  
South West ◽  
Tuberculin Testing ◽  
Test Reactor ◽  
South West Region

SUMMARYThe herd incidence of confirmed Mycobacterium bovis infection in cattle in the south-west of England has been approximately ten times that of the remainder of England and Wales; this greater incidence has been attributed to infection from badgers. The incidence of herds with only non-visible lesioned tuberculin test reactors, from which M. bovis was not isolated, has also remained higherin the south-west region.The incidences of these latter unconfirmed incidents were compared in parishes in the south-west region in which M. bovis in cattle had been confirmed, and those where M. bovis had not been confirmed, for the period 1979–83. This analysis was carried out both for those parishes in which herds had been subjected to annual tuberculin testing and for those subjected to biennial tuberculin testing. The incidence of unconfirmed incidents was significantly higher in parishes in which confirmedincidents had occurred, and this difference was found in both the annual and biennially tested parishes. The relative risks for the incidence of unconfirmed incidents in annually and biennially tested parishes were 1*89 and 2–56, respectively. The incidence of unconfirmed incidents in biennially tested parishes was lower than in annually tested parishes.The incidence of non-specific tuberculin test reactor herds was estimated from tuberculin test results in the eastern region of England during a period when tuberculosis was not confirmed in cattle. A comparison of this incidence and that of unconfirmed incidents in the south-west region suggests that approximately 70% of the unconfirmed incidents in the south-west were related to exposure to M. bovis.The results of the analyses indicate that unconfirmed incidents cannot be completely ignored in epidemiological analyses and studies of bovine tuberculosis in the problem areas of the south-west region of England.

scholarly journals Risk factors for positive tuberculin tests in children

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 311
Author(s):  
Purnomo Sidhi ◽  
Dwi Wastoro Dadiyanto ◽  
Suhartono Suhartono
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Community Health Centers ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Tuberculin Test ◽  
World Health ◽  
Mantoux Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
History Of ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Tuberculin Tests

Background Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic infectious disease and a public health problem. The World Health Organization (WHO) declared TB to be a global emergency because of currently increasing rates of disease and drug resistance. Two million people die annually because of TB. Children are one of the highest groups at risk for TB infection. An effort to define risk factors is needed for effective intervention.Objective To identify risk factors for positive tuberculin tests in children.Methods This case control study was done in elementary school children aged 8–12 years in areas served by three community health centers in Semarang. Twenty-nine subjects were Mantoux positive and 29 others served as controls. Consecutive sampling was used for all negative Mantoux test results. Pulmonary TB was diagnosed using the TB scoring system, including the Mantoux test. Statistical bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed.Results History of household TB contact as a risk factor for positive tuberculin test in children resulted in an OROR of 3.76 (95% CI 1.059 to 13.342), P=0.040. History of illness at the time of testing resulted in an OR of 10.23 (95% CI 1.138 to 91.930), P=0.038. The probability of positive tuberculin testing was 90.7% if both these variables were positive.Conclusion History of household TB contact and the history of illness at the time of testing were risk factors for positive tuberculin tests in children.

False Tuberculin Test Results

CHEST Journal ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 465-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
George W. Comstock
Keyword(s):  
Tuberculin Test ◽  
Test Results

Tuberculin Testing in the Pediatric Office and Clinic

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 965-966
Author(s):  
Edwin L. Kendig
Keyword(s):  
American Academy ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
School Children ◽  
Tuberculin Test ◽  
Pediatric Clinic ◽  
American Academy Of Pediatrics ◽  
Tuberculin Testing ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Low Rate

Another article in this issue of Pediatrics, "Assessment of Tuberculin Screening in an Urban Pediatric Clinic," (p 856) again focuses attention on a weighty question: Is routine use of the tuberculin test important? The authors have pointed out the difference in philosophy of the Center for Disease Control, and the American Academy of Pediatrics. The Center for Disease Control recommends that routine tuberculin testing for school children and other similar programs be abandoned if the yield of positive tuberculin reactions is less than 1%1; this recommendation is based on the assumption that discovery of cases at this low rate will not have epidemiologic impact (italics added).

PUBLIC HEALTH, NURSING, MEDICAL SOCIAL WORK

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1958 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-324
Author(s):  
Floyd M. Feldmann
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Patch Test ◽  
Tuberculin Test ◽  
Preliminary Test ◽  
Outpatient Services ◽  
Medical Social Work ◽  
Striking Change ◽  
Tuberculin Testing ◽  
Health Nursing ◽  
The Individual

As a pediatric problem, tuberculosis has undergone striking change in the past decades, yet few diseases have the complicated interrelationship of personal and community significance that is peculiar to tuberculosis. Management of the tuberculous patient has become largely a matter for hospital and specialized outpatient services, and the individual practitioner has been chiefly concerned with case finding in his own practice. Since the tuberculin test is such an important tool in this respect, the editors thought such a review as presented by Dr. Feldmann of particular importance. A number of controversial points are touched on. In any public health procedure a routine screening test has value in relation to the proportion of positives likely to result. A test which results in more than 50% positive is not very helpful. On the other hand, a test with one positive in 1,000 is probably too expensive. Dr. Feldmann points out the cogent reasons for routine tuberculin testing and the pediatrician will need to consider these reasons in the light of the conditions in his community and the relevant local and state health program. Some may be disturbed by the criticism made of the patch test, yet it is important to recognize its limitations. Failure of the patch test to detect all positives has been well known and most pediatricians have thought it useful chiefly as a preliminary test to find the more sensitive reactors.

scholarly journals Effects of repeated comparative intradermal tuberculin testing on test results: a longitudinal study in TB-free red deer

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Azlan Che-Amat ◽  
Maria Ángeles Risalde ◽  
David González-Barrio ◽  
Jose Antonio Ortíz ◽  
Christian Gortázar
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Tuberculin Testing

The Hidden Cost Dilemma

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-142
Author(s):  
David Sparling
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Health ◽  
Health Examination ◽  
Office Space ◽  
Hidden Cost ◽  
Tuberculin Testing ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Tuberculin Tests

The commentary by Steigman amid Kendig1 on frequency of tuberculin testing, found in the August 1975 issue, presents a basic dilemma common to all preventive health procedures incorporated into office pediatrics. The cost of tuberculin testing is not in the material, but in the personnel time to administer and explain. If the patient is to return to the office for measurement and documentation, there are additional requirements of personnel time and office space. In our own office, where around 2,500 tuberculin tests are done each year, we have continued tuberculin testing at each annual health examination.

scholarly journals Value of combining the erythrocyte sedimentation rate test with tuberculin testing in the control of tuberculosis in baboons

1976 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. W. Tribe ◽  
A. E. Welburn
Keyword(s):  
Sedimentation Rate ◽  
Sedimentation Rates ◽  
Good Physical Condition ◽  
Erythrocyte Sedimentation ◽  
Rate Test ◽  
Tuberculin Testing ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Bovine Tuberculin ◽  
Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rates ◽  
Tuberculin Tests

2 batches of baboon infected with tuberculosis were subjected to serial tests with human and bovine tuberculin, while erythrocyte sedimentation rates were estimated concurrently. In the very early stages most but not all reacted to human tuberculin while fewer responded to bovine material. After further development of the disease, tuberculin tests remained positive while sedimentation rates were raised by 10-30 mm per hour. By the time early spread had occurred response to tuberculin was absent but sedimentation rates tended to increase. Advanced cases were always tuberculin negative but sedimentation rates were in excess of 50 mm per hour. Such animals were always in good physical condition and represented an insidious danger to other animals and staff in contact with them. Clinical examination failed to reveal cases of tuberculosis except in the terminal stages and no cases were diagnosed by radiography. 2 animals died from apparent anaphylaxis following inoculation of both types of tuberculin. Results showed that use of one or other of these tests alone would not have made possible the elimination of infection.

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