scholarly journals Functional asymmetry of invertebrates’ nervous system on the example of spatial orientation of the Tentyriini tribe beetles

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
K. O. Moroz
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Spatial Orientation ◽  
Spatial Differentiation ◽  
Species Specificity ◽  
Functional Asymmetry ◽  
Asymmetry Ratio ◽  
Spatial Asymmetry ◽  
Darkling Beetles ◽  
The Asymmetry

The functional asymmetry of the nervous system of insects was studied on an example of two taxonomically and ecologically closed darkling beetles: Anatolica eremita (Steven, 1829) and Tentiria nomas taurica (Pallas, 1781). Species-specificity of motor-spatial asymmetry is revealed for imago of these species. Spatial differentiation of specimens’ movement for “right-handers”, “left-handers” and “ambidexters” with different degree of the sign display was investigated. Fluctuations and distributing of values of the asymmetry ratio for both species of the darkling beetles were determined. Influence of the first priority of the locomotion direction on further orientational manifestations was analysed.

Comparison of Bone-Conducted Vibration for Eliciting Ocular Vestibular-Evoked Myogenic Potentials

2011 ◽  
Vol 146 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Chen Tseng ◽  
Shou-Jen Wang ◽  
Yi-Ho Young
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials ◽  
Ménière’S Disease ◽  
Asymmetry Ratio ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Asymmetry ◽  
The Right

Objective. This study compared bone-conducted vibration (BCV) stimuli at forehead (Fz) and mastoid sites for eliciting ocular vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials (oVEMPs). Study Design. Prospective study. Setting. University hospital. Methods. Twenty healthy subjects underwent oVEMP testing via BCV stimuli at Fz and mastoid sites. Another 50 patients with unilateral Meniere’s disease also underwent oVEMP testing. Results. All healthy subjects showed clear oVEMPs via BCV stimulation regardless of the tapping sites. The right oVEMPs stimulated by tapping at the right mastoid had earlier nI and pI latencies and a larger nI-pI amplitude compared with those stimulated by tapping at the Fz and left mastoid. Similar trends were also observed in left oVEMPs. However, the asymmetry ratio did not differ significantly between the ipsilateral mastoid and Fz sites. Clinically, tapping at the Fz revealed absent oVEMPs in 28% of Meniere’s ears, which decreased to 16% when tapping at the ipsilesional (hydropic) mastoid site, exhibiting a significant difference. Conclusion. Tapping at the ipsilateral mastoid site elicits earlier oVEMP latencies and larger oVEMP amplitudes when compared with tapping at the Fz site. Thus, tapping at the Fz site is suggested to screen for the otolithic function, whereas tapping at the ipsilesional mastoid site is suitable for evaluating residual otolithic function.

causal relations between asymmetries at the individual level?

2005 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 596-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
rebecca g. deason ◽  
david r. andresen ◽  
chad j. marsolek
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Causal Relation ◽  
Causal Relations ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Asymmetry ◽  
The Individual

studies with humans have failed to produce evidence that any direct causal relation exists between the asymmetry of one function in an individual and the asymmetry of a different function in that individual. without such evidence, factors external to an individual's nervous system, such as social interactions, may play crucial roles in explaining the directions of all asymmetries at all levels.

scholarly journals Comparison of Shoulder Functions Between Workers With and Without Shoulder Impingement Syndrome

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun-hee Kim ◽  
Oh-yun Kwon ◽  
Chung-hwi Yi ◽  
Hye-seon Jeon ◽  
Woo-chol Joseph Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Internal Rotation ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Impingement Syndrome ◽  
Shoulder Abduction ◽  
Shoulder Impingement Syndrome ◽  
Asymmetry Ratio ◽  
Shoulder Injuries ◽  
Shoulder Impingement ◽  
The Asymmetry

The occurrence of shoulder impingement syndrome (SIS) is associated with the frequent handling and lifting of heavy loads and excessive repetitive work above the shoulder level. Thus, assembly workers have a high prevalence of shoulder injuries, including SIS. The purpose of this study was to investigate differences in shoulder ROM, muscle strength, asymmetry ratio, function, productivity, and depression between workers with and without SIS.Sixty-seven assembly line male workers (35 workers with SIS and 32 workers without SIS) participated in this study. The four shoulder ROMs and the five muscle strengths were measured using a Smart KEMA system. The asymmetry ratios were calculated using the asymmetry ratio formula; shoulder functions were measured using the shoulder pain and disability index (SPADI), disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand (DASH), and visual analogue scale (VAS); and Endicott work productivity scale (EWPS). Severity of depression was measured using the Beck depression inventory (BDI). Independent t-tests were performed for statistical analysis.The SPADI, DASH, and VAS values of workers with SIS were significantly higher than those of workers without SIS. Also, workers with SIS had significantly smaller shoulder internal rotation and shoulder abduction compared to workers without SIS. In addition, workers with SIS exhibited significantly lower SIR muscle strength than workers without SIS. Workers with SIS had significantly higher asymmetry ratios in shoulder internal rotation, shoulder external rotation, and elbow flexion muscle strength than workers without SIS.The SPADI and DASH scores, which indicate shoulder function, were higher, and the intensity of self-aware pain was higher in workers with SIS. Also, workers with SIS exhibited reduced SIR and SAB ROMs; decreased SIR muscle strength. Particularly, the asymmetry ratios of SIR, SER, EF muscle strength are good comparable factors for workers with and without SIS. In addition, the asymmetry ratios of shoulder muscle strengths could provide an important baseline comparison for the workers with SIS.

scholarly journals Sztuka i adaptacja. Adoracja, aberracja, abominacja

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-60
Author(s):  
Łukasz Huculak
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Human Evolution ◽  
Spatial Orientation ◽  
Social Adaptation ◽  
Effective Functioning ◽  
Adaptation Mechanisms ◽  
Aesthetic Preferences

The text, commenting on The Art Instinct: Beauty, Pleasure, and Human Evolution by Denis Dutton, and the premises contained in it that aesthetic preferences derive from individual and social adaptation mechanisms, will attempt to consider the aspect of the usefulness of art less emphasised by Denis Dutton as a tool for developing and deepening individual perceptual competences. The effective functioning of the nervous system, including efficient handling of individual senses (i.e. the degree of sensitivity to stimuli) and the ability to critically analyse them, provides organisms not only with spatial orientation, but also allows them to plan and predict potential cause-effect sequences.

THE VALUE OF FUNCTIONAL ASYMMETRY IN IMPROVING TECHNICAL AND TACTICAL TRAINING IN WOMEN’S BOXING

2020 ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
Vorontsov A.I.
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Training Model ◽  
Functional Asymmetry ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
Tactical Training ◽  
The Asymmetry ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual

У статті розглянуто значення функціональної асиметрії та рівень впливу на побудову спеціальних рухів, які знадобляться під час навчання складно координаційних вправ та у процесі вдосконален-ня технічної та тактичної підготовки з боксу у індивідів жіночої статі. Особливо це буде актуально у молодших вікових групах жіночого боксу – дівчат та юніорок. Мета дослідження – вивчення впливу функціональної асиметрії в боксі. Матеріал і методи дослідження: теоретичний аналіз спеціальної та наукової літератури, узагальнення даних, матеріал Інтернету. Результати дослідження. Виявлено декілька видів функціональної асиметрії; нестачу літературних джерел з боксу, в яких освітлюється функціональна асиметрія в тренуванні жіночої статі, вплив функціональної асиметрії на розвиток та домінування певних фізичних якостей, особливі методичні підходи з метою усунення асиметрії, зміна функціональної асиметрії з віком та спортивним стажем, підвищення варіативних дій під час стресових ситуацій. Наголошено недоцільність визначення асиметрії тільки за домінуючою кінцівкою, а за допомогою інтегрального підходу до визначення провідних кінцівок (рука, нога) та сенсорними системами (око, вухо), що формує індивідуальний профіль асиметрії. Вплив індивідуального профі-лю асиметрії на засвоювання, вдосконалення технічних і тактичних навчальних вправ у видах спорту. Наведені приклади з різних видів спорту та спортивних єдиноборств про значення функціональної аси-метрії та її психологічний вплив на особливості підготовки. Визначені оптимальні тести для виявлення індивідуального профілю асиметрії, які доступні для проведення в зручних умовах. Визначено, що дані досліджень з функціональної асиметрії, наведені провідними вченими, будуть у нагоді для вдоскона-лення техніко-тактичної підготовки в жіночому боксі. Висновки. Перед початком вдосконалювання техніко-тактичної підготовки слід визначити індивідуальний профіль асиметрії жінки-боксера. Загаль-ні тести для визначення асиметрії слід з’єднати зі спеціальними боксерськими вправами. За результа-тами тестів слід розробити індивідуальну модель тренування для кожного індивіда на основі його ІПА, починаючи із самої молодшої вікової групи жіночого боксу –дівчат та юніорок. The article deals with the importance of functional asymmetry and the level of its influence on the construction of special movements, which will be needed during the training of complicated coordination exercises and in the process of improving the technical and tactical training in boxing in female individuals. This will be especially true for the younger age groups of women’s boxing – girls and juniors. The purpose of the research is to study the effect of functional asymmetry in boxing. Material and methods of research:theoretical analysis of special and scientific literature, generalization of materials of the Internet. Research results. Identified: several types of functional asymmetry, lack of literary sources in boxing, which highlights the functional asymmetry in the training of women, influence of functional asymmetry to the development and dominance of certain physical qualities, special methodological approaches to eliminate asymmetry, changing functional asymmetry according to the age and sports experience, increasing variable actions during stressful situations. The inexpediency of determining the asymmetry only by the dominant limb, and using an integrated approach to the definition of the leading: limbs (arm, leg) and sensory systems (eye, ear), which forms an individual profile of asymmetry. It is revealed the influence of individual asymmetry profile on the development and improvement of technical and tactical training exercises in different sports. It is given the examples of different sports and martial arts, which emphasize the importance of functional asymmetry and its psychological impact to the features of training. It has been defined the optimal tests to identify individual asymmetry profiles that are available for use in convenient conditions. It is established that the data of studies on functional asymmetry given by leading scientists can be used to improve technical and tactical training in women’s boxing. Conclusions. Before starting to improve the technical and tactical training, the individual profile of the asymmetry of the female boxer should be determined. General tests for determining asymmetry should be coupled with special boxing exercises. According to the results of the tests, it is important to develop an individual training model for each individual based on her IPA, starting with the youngest age group of women’s boxing – girls and juniors.

Evaluation of Fracture Asymmetry of Finite-Conductivity Fractured Wells

2010 ◽  
Vol 132 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Djebbar Tiab ◽  
Jing Lu ◽  
Hung Nguyen ◽  
Jalal Owayed
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Fracturing ◽  
Production Rate ◽  
Radial Flow ◽  
Asymmetry Factor ◽  
Hydraulic Fractures ◽  
Finite Conductivity ◽  
Asymmetry Ratio ◽  
Pressure Derivative ◽  
Fracture Conductivity ◽  
The Asymmetry

Nearly all commercial hydraulic fracture design models are based on the assumption that a single fracture is initiated and propagated identically and symmetrically about the wellbore, i.e., the fracture growth and proppant transport occurs symmetrically with respect to the well. However, asymmetrical fractures have been observed in hundreds of hydraulic fracturing treatments and reported to be a more realistic outcome of hydraulic fracturing. The asymmetry ratio (length of short fracture wing divided by length of long wing) influenced the production rate adversely. In the worst case, the production rate could be reduced to that of an unfractured well. Several authors observed asymmetrically propagated hydraulic fractures in which one wing could be ten times longer than the other. Most pressure transient analysis techniques of hydraulically fractured wells assume the fracture is symmetric about the well axis for the sake of simplicity in developing mathematical solution. This study extends the work by Rodriguez to evaluate fracture asymmetry of finite-conductivity fracture wells producing at a constant-rate. The analysis presented by Rodriguez only involves the slopes of the straight lines that characterize the bilinear, linear and radial flow from the conventional Cartesian and semilog plots of pressure drop versus time. This study also uses the Tiab’s direct synthesis (TDS) technique to analyze the linear and bilinear flow regimes in order to find the asymmetry factor of the fractured well. With the fracture conductivity estimated from the bilinear flow region, dimensionless fracture conductivity and the asymmetry ratio are calculated. A technique for estimating the fracture asymmetry ratio from a graph is presented. An equation relating the asymmetry ratio and dimensionless fracture conductivity is also presented. This equation assumes that the linear and/or bilinear flow regime is observed. However, using the TDS technique, the asymmetry ratio can be estimated even in the absence of bilinear or linear flow period. It is concluded that the relative position of the well in the fracture, i.e., the asymmetry condition, is an important consideration for the fracture characterization. A log-log plot of pressure derivative can be used to estimate the fracture asymmetry in a well intersected with a finite-conductivity asymmetric fracture. The analysis using pressure derivative plot does not necessarily require the radial flow period data to calculate the asymmetric factor.

scholarly journals On the inclinations of the Jupiter Trojans

2019 ◽  
Vol 631 ◽  
pp. A89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simona Pirani ◽  
Anders Johansen ◽  
Alexander J. Mustill
Keyword(s):  
Gas Phase ◽  
Total Mass ◽  
Asymmetric Distribution ◽  
Asymmetry Ratio ◽  
Secular Evolution ◽  
Mass Depletion ◽  
Current Mass ◽  
The Asymmetry ◽  
Feeding Zone ◽  
Significant Mass

Jupiter Trojans are a resonant asteroidal population characterised by photometric colours that are compatible with trans-Neptunian objects, high inclinations, and an asymmetric distribution of the number of asteroids between the two swarms. Different models have been proposed to explain the high inclination of the Trojans and to interpret their relation with the Trans-Neptunian objects, but none of these models can also satisfactorily explain the asymmetry ratio between the number of asteroids in the two swarms. It has recently been found that the asymmetry ratio can arise if Jupiter has migrated inwards through the protoplanetary disc by at least a few astronomical units during its growth. The more numerous population of the leading swarm and the dark photometric colours of the Trojans are natural outcomes of this new model, but simulations with massless unperturbed disc particles led to a flat distribution of the Trojan inclinations and a final total mass of the Trojans that was 3–4 orders of magnitude larger than the current mass. We here investigate the possible origin of the peculiar inclination distribution of the Trojans in the scenario where Jupiter migrates inwards. We analyse different possibilities: (a) the secular evolution of an initially flat Trojan population, (b) the presence of planetary embryos among the Trojans, and (c) capture of the Trojans from a pre-stirred planetesimal population in which Jupiter grows and migrates. We find that the secular evolution of the Trojans and secular perturbations from Saturn do not affect the inclination distribution of the Trojans appreciably, nor is there any significant mass depletion over the age of the Solar System. Embryos embedded in the Trojan swarms, in contrast, can stir the Trojans to their current degree of excitation and can also deplete the swarms efficiently, but it is very difficult to remove all of the massive bodies in 4.5 Gyr of evolution. We propose that the disc where Jupiter’s core was forming was already stirred to high inclination values by other planetary embryos competing in the feeding zone of Jupiter’s core. We show that the trapped Trojans preserve their high inclination through the gas phase of the protoplanetary disc and that Saturn’s perturbations are more effective on highly inclined Trojans, leading to a lower capture efficiency and to a substantial depletion of the swarms during 4.5 Gyr of evolution.

scholarly journals Independent Measures of Utricular Function: Ocular Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials Do Not Correlate With Subjective Visual Vertical or Fundus Photographic Binocular Cyclorotation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Hösli ◽  
Dominik Straumann
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Diagnostic Workup ◽  
Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials ◽  
Subjective Visual Vertical ◽  
Asymmetry Ratio ◽  
Visual Vertical ◽  
The Asymmetry ◽  
The Right ◽  
Utricular Function

Ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (oVEMPs), subjective visual vertical (SVV), and fundus photographically measured binocular cyclorotation (BCR) are diagnostic tests to assess utricular function in patients with vertigo or dizziness. In 138 patients with chronic vertigo or dizziness, we asked whether the asymmetry ratio of oVEMP (normal, right side pathological, left side pathological) could predict the SVV deviation (normal, rightward deviation, leftward deviation) or BCR (normal, cyclorotation to the right, cyclorotation to the left). There was no correlation between oVEMP and SVV and between oVEMP and BCR, while SVV and BCR correlated highly. Although both oVEMP and SVV measure aspects of utricular function, our findings demonstrate that oVEMP and SVV are not redundant and may reflect different utricular pathologies. The role of fundus photographic BCR may be relegated to only confirm unclear SVV results in vestibular diagnostic workup.

scholarly journals DYNAMICS OF FUNCTIONAL INTERHEMISPHERIC ASYMMETRY AND PARTICULARITIES OF VARIABILITY OF THE CARDIAC RHYTHM IN CHILDREN OF 7-8 YEARS IN THE INFORMATION LOAD

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 168-176
Author(s):  
M.A. Paramonova ◽  
O.A. Vedyasova ◽  
A.I. Lukina ◽  
E.S. Karpova
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous System ◽  
Cardiac Rhythm ◽  
Parasympathetic Nervous System ◽  
Functional Asymmetry ◽  
Information Load ◽  
Interhemispheric Asymmetry ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous ◽  
Coefficient Of Asymmetry

During the information loading in children, the changes of coefficient of functional asymmetry, reflecting strengthening role of left hemisphere in realization of mental activity in the age of 7 to 8 years are revealed. At the same time, shifts of diagnostic parameters of variability of cardiac rhythm depending on age, sex and direction of changes in coefficient of asymmetry are found. Most pronounced changes were found in indexes of activity of sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system, thus more noticeable change by sympathetic nervous system at loading was observed in girls of the first class, and parasympathetic — in boys of the second class. Dependence of changes of coefficient of functional asymmetry at loading of reference values is established in sympathetic nervous system and Bayevsky index at right-handed persons of 8 years.

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