DEVELOPMENT OF SPATIAL ORIENTATION OF SCHOOLCHILDREN WITH DIFFERENT TYPES OF NERVOUS SYSTEM

Despite extensive experimentation on pediatric tumors of the central nervous system (CNS), related to both prognosis, diagnosis and treatment, the understanding of pathogenesis and etiology of the disease remains scarce. MicroRNAs are known to be involved in CNS tumor oncogenesis. We hypothesized that CNS tumors possess commonly deregulated miRNAs across different CNS tumor types. Aim: The current study aims to reveal the co-deregulated miRNAs across different types of pediatric CNS tumors. Materials: A total of 439 CNS tumor samples were collected from both in-house microarray experiments as well as data available in public databases. Diagnoses included medulloblastoma, astrocytoma, ependydoma, cortical dysplasia, glioblastoma, ATRT, germinoma, teratoma, yoc sac tumors, ocular tumors and retinoblastoma. Results: We found miRNAs that were globally up- or down-regulated in the majority of the CNS tumor samples. MiR-376B and miR-372 were co-upregulated, whereas miR-149, miR-214, miR-574, miR-595 and miR-765 among others, were co-downregulated across all CNS tumors. Receiver-operator curve analysis showed that miR-149, miR-214, miR-574, miR-595 and miR765 could distinguish between CNS tumors and normal brain tissue. Conclusions: Our approach could prove significant in the search for global miRNA targets for tumor diagnosis and therapy. To the best of our knowledge, there are no previous reports concerning the present approach.

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CSF analysis in a patient with meningitis with special reference to LDH

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.26452/ijrps.v11i3.2793 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 4919-4922

Author(s):

Shilpa Patil ◽

Ajikya Bahulekar

Keyword(s):

Nervous System ◽

Special Reference ◽

Cell Count ◽

Pyogenic Meningitis ◽

Csf Analysis ◽

Acute Infections ◽

Different Types ◽

Routine Assessment ◽

The Way

Acute infections of the nervous system are among the hugest issues in the medicine considering the way that early affirmation, gainful dynamic and speedy association of the treatment can be lifesaving. Standard routine assessment of CSF in meningitis doesn't commonly give speedy definitive information without a doubt. Therefore there was need for additional tests. The present study conducted in Department of Medicine. The study included clinical appraisal and CSF assessment of 65 occurrences of meningitis. Lumbar cut was done in each consistent case and CSF was assembled in sterile containers.In majority cases of meningitis sugar less than two third of blood sugars, and majority of TBM cases had sugar level between 40-60 mg%. Higher cell count was seen in pyogenic meningitis cases. In context to LDH levels among the different types of meningitis, significant increased CSF LDH levels was observed in TBM and PM as compared to VM and CM but no noteworthy distinction between TBM and PM. Overall conclusion of study was that estimation of CSF LDH levels is not only supplementary aid but diagnostic and differentiating aid for meningitis.

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The Birth and Death of a Neuron

The Neuron ◽

10.1093/med/9780199773893.003.0014 ◽

2015 ◽

pp. 329-352

Author(s):

Irwin B. Levitan ◽

Leonard K. Kaczmarek

Keyword(s):

Nervous System ◽

Transcription Factors ◽

Bone Morphogenetic Proteins ◽

Mitochondrial Membrane ◽

Brain Regions ◽

High Rate ◽

Outer Mitochondrial Membrane ◽

Programmed Death ◽

Different Types ◽

Specific Neuron

The development of the nervous system requires the participation of a variety of factors that influence neuronal determination, proliferation, migration, and differentiation. The earliest steps in the formation of a neuron involve the actions of factors such as the bone morphogenetic proteins and neural inducers. Acting on cells that still have the potential to develop into many different types of cells, these factors control the synthesis of transcription factors and determine whether the complement of genes that becomes activated corresponds to those required for building a neuron. The birth of new neurons occurs at a high rate early in development, but in some brain regions persists in adults. The normal formation of the nervous system also requires the programmed death of many neurons. Decisions as to whether a specific neuron survives or perishes during development are made by factors that control the permeability of the outer mitochondrial membrane.

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Coding Principles in Adaptation

Annual Review of Vision Science ◽

10.1146/annurev-vision-091718-014818 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 427-449 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Alison I. Weber ◽

Kamesh Krishnamurthy ◽

Adrienne L. Fairhall

Keyword(s):

Nervous System ◽

Visual System ◽

Functional Role ◽

Receptive Fields ◽

Sensory Systems ◽

Spike Frequency Adaptation ◽

Theoretical Frameworks ◽

Different Types ◽

Common Principle

Adaptation is a common principle that recurs throughout the nervous system at all stages of processing. This principle manifests in a variety of phenomena, from spike frequency adaptation, to apparent changes in receptive fields with changes in stimulus statistics, to enhanced responses to unexpected stimuli. The ubiquity of adaptation leads naturally to the question: What purpose do these different types of adaptation serve? A diverse set of theories, often highly overlapping, has been proposed to explain the functional role of adaptive phenomena. In this review, we discuss several of these theoretical frameworks, highlighting relationships among them and clarifying distinctions. We summarize observations of the varied manifestations of adaptation, particularly as they relate to these theoretical frameworks, focusing throughout on the visual system and making connections to other sensory systems.

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Abundant distinct types of solutions for the nervous biological fractional FitzHugh–Nagumo equation via three different sorts of schemes

Advances in Difference Equations ◽

10.1186/s13662-020-02852-1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Abdel-Haleem Abdel-Aty ◽

Mostafa M. A. Khater ◽

Dumitru Baleanu ◽

E. M. Khalil ◽

Jamel Bouslimi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nervous System ◽

Expansion Method ◽

B Spline ◽

Stability Behavior ◽

Nerve Impulses ◽

Dynamical Behaviors ◽

Different Types ◽

Nagumo Equation ◽

The Stability

Abstract The dynamical attitude of the transmission for the nerve impulses of a nervous system, which is mathematically formulated by the Atangana–Baleanu (AB) time-fractional FitzHugh–Nagumo (FN) equation, is computationally and numerically investigated via two distinct schemes. These schemes are the improved Riccati expansion method and B-spline schemes. Additionally, the stability behavior of the analytical evaluated solutions is illustrated based on the characteristics of the Hamiltonian to explain the applicability of them in the model’s applications. Also, the physical and dynamical behaviors of the gained solutions are clarified by sketching them in three different types of plots. The practical side and power of applied methods are shown to explain their ability to use on many other nonlinear evaluation equations.

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Effects of Prior Use of Chopsticks on Two Different Types of Dexterity Tests: Moving Beans Test and Purdue Pegboard

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.2466/pms.108.2.392-398 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 108 (2) ◽

pp. 392-398 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Sohee Shin ◽

Shinichi Demura ◽

Hiroki Aoki

Keyword(s):

Nervous System ◽

Analysis Of Variance ◽

Daily Life ◽

Practice Effects ◽

Dominant Hand ◽

Finger Dexterity ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Main Effect ◽

Prior Use ◽

Different Types

The Purdue Pegboard and Moving Beans with Tweezers test have been used in the rehabilitation of persons with nervous system disorders; however, these two tests differ in their methodology. In the latter test, the testee picks up items with chopsticks or tweezers, but in the former test, the testee grasps items directly with the fingers of one hand. Use experience of a tool may strongly influence performance. The present study examined the use of chopsticks in daily life on performance of the two tests of finger dexterity by two groups of 20 youths who habitually used chopsticks to eat and 20 who did not. Three 30-sec. trials with the dominant and nondominant hands were given. Analysis of variance gave a main effect for number of beans moved between the two groups, hand (nondominant vs dominant), and trials. Significantly more beans were moved by the group with prior chopsticks use than the nonusers by the dominant hand than the nondominant hand, and on Trials 2 and 3 than Trial 1. For the Purdue Pegboard, the only significant difference for trials showed fewer pegs moved on Trial 1 than Trial 3. In conclusion, the groups who habitually used chopsticks performed better on the Moving Beans with Tweezers test than the group without such experience. Also, the marked laterality and practice effects for chopstick users was not observed on the Purdue Pegboard.

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Mucopolysaccharidosis in Adults

10.1093/med/9780199972135.003.0054 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Christian J. Hendriksz ◽

Francois Karstens

Keyword(s):

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

Autosomal Recessive ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Cell Types ◽

Type Ii ◽

System P ◽

Different Types ◽

The Central Nervous System ◽

Different Cell Types

There are 8 different types of diseases of the mucopolysaccharides, each caused by a deficiency in one of 10 different enzymes involved in the degradation of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). Partially degraded GAGs accumulate within the lysosomes of many different cell types and lead to clinical symptoms and excretion of large amounts of GAGs in the urine. Heritability is autosomal recessive except for MPS type II, which is X-linked. The disorders are chronic and progressive and, although the specific types all have their individual features, they share an abundance of clinical similarities. All involve the musculoskeletal, the cardiovascular, the pulmonary and the central nervous system.

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Neuroengineering and neuroprosthetics

Brain and Neuroscience Advances ◽

10.1177/2398212818817499 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 ◽

pp. 239821281881749 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kevin Warwick

Keyword(s):

Nervous System ◽

Deep Brain Stimulation ◽

Brain Stimulation ◽

Future Development ◽

The Internet ◽

Look Ahead ◽

Introductory Material ◽

Different Types ◽

Human Nervous System ◽

Deep Brain

This article contains a directed overview of the field of neuroengineering and neuroprosthetics. The aim of the article is, however, not to go over introductory material covered elsewhere, but rather to look ahead at exciting areas for likely future development. The BrainGate implant is focussed on in terms of its use as an interface between the Internet and the human nervous system. Sensory prosthetics of different types and deep brain stimulation are considered. Different possibilities with deep brain stimulation are also discussed.

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Cocaine- and Amphetamine-Regulated Transcript (CART ) Peptide in Mammals Gastrointestinal System – A Review

Annals of Animal Science ◽

10.1515/aoas-2016-0014 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 3-21 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Krystyna Makowska ◽

Sławomir Gonkowski

Keyword(s):

Nervous System ◽

Digestive System ◽

Gastrointestinal System ◽

Stress Reactions ◽

System A ◽

Cart Peptide ◽

Different Types ◽

The Central Nervous System ◽

The Subject ◽

Active Substances

Abstract Since its first description over 30 years ago, cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) peptide has been the subject of many studies. Most of these investigations pertain to occurrence and functions of CART within the central nervous system, where this peptide first of all takes part in regulation of feeding, stress reactions, as well as neuroprotective and neuroregenerative processes. However, in recent years more and more studies concern the presence of CART in the gastrointestinal system. This peptide has been described both in stomach and intestine, as well as in other digestive organs such as pancreas or gallbladder. Particularly much information relates to distribution of CART in the enteric nervous system, which is located within the wall of digestive tract. Other studies have described this peptide in intestinal endocrinal cells. Moreover, it is known that CART can be present in various types of neuronal cells and may co-localize with different types of other neuronal active substances, which play roles of neuromediators and/or neuromodulators. On the other hand precise functions of CART in the gastrointestinal system still remain unknown. It is assumed that this peptide is involved in the regulation of gastrointestinal motility, intestinal blood flow, secretion of intestinal juice, somatostatin and/or insulin, as well as takes part in pathological processes within the gastrointestinal tract. The large number of recent studies concerning the above mentioned problems makes that knowledge about occurrence and functions of CART in the digestive system rather piecemeal and requires clarifying, which is the aim of the present article.

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