Peculiarities of leukocyte apoptosis modulation in children with pyelonephritis

One of the leading places among inflammatory diseases of the urinary tract of children belongs to pyelonephritis, the course of which presents in most cases as a severe infectious disease threatening the patient’s life, which is the main reason for development of chronic kidney failure. This study was conducted to compare apoptosis stages in peripheral blood of children of different age categories with pyelonephritis depending on etiological factor and complications. The problem of mechanisms underlying immune system misregulation, especially functional activity of leukocytes in children with pyelonephritis, have not been explored in recent years. Assessment of leukocytes (neutrophils) apoptosis stages in peripheral blood of children of different age categories with pyelonephritis depending on complications and etiological factor was the aim of present study. The children's peripheral blood samples were analysed and assessed using a flow cytofluorimeter. The present study demonstrates an increase of the level of apoptotic cells at an early stage of apoptosis in children of all age categories with chronic pyelonephritis, which can be explained by associations of a wide range of pathogens and the presence of sequelae. An increase in the number of apoptotic cells in the late stage of apoptosis is observed in children aged 1 month – 8 years, in children 8–18 years, the amount of apoptotic cells is reduced by 1.5 times. The study of apoptosis stages allows complete characterization of the dynamics of the apoptotic process and supplementation of the pathogenesis of pyelonephritis in children. Such studies will make it possible to affect apoptosis modulation to regulate or correct it and encourage the finding of innovative solutions in the treatment related to influence on the immune response. We conclude that enhancement of peripheral blood leukocyte apoptosis in chronic form of pyelonephritis especially in young children is due to the polyetiology of this form of pyelonephritis and the development of complications.

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Peripheral Leukocyte Apoptosis in Patients with Parkinsonism: Correlation with Clinical Characteristics and Neuroimaging Findings

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2014/635923 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Wei-Che Lin ◽

Nai-Wen Tsai ◽

Yung-Cheng Huang ◽

Kuei-Yueh Cheng ◽

Hsiu-Ling Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Neurodegenerative Disease ◽

Functional Status ◽

Peripheral Blood ◽

Clinical Characteristics ◽

Peripheral Blood Leukocyte ◽

Leukocyte Apoptosis ◽

Peripheral Leukocyte ◽

Treatment And Prevention ◽

Duration Of Disease ◽

Blood Leukocyte

Apoptosis of both brain neurons and peripheral blood leukocyte is believed to be an important biomarker for evaluating the functional status of Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, their correlation remains unknown. A better understanding of the pathophysiology of neurodegeneration is essential for the treatment and prevention of PD. The present study demonstrated that leukocyte apoptosis is significantly higher in PD patients and is associated with central dopamine neuron loss by usingTc99m-TRODAT-1 SPECT. The leukocyte apoptosis and striatal dopamine transporter uptake ratios were further associated with increased severity and longer duration of disease. The interaction between brain and systemic inflammation may be responsible for the neurodegenerative disease progression.

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Genetic influence on immune phenotype revealed strain-specific variations in peripheral blood lineages

Physiological Genomics ◽

10.1152/physiolgenomics.00185.2007 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 34 (3) ◽

pp. 304-314 ◽

Cited By ~ 44

Author(s):

Stefka B. Petkova ◽

Rong Yuan ◽

Shirng-Wern Tsaih ◽

William Schott ◽

Derry C. Roopenian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Cell ◽

Peripheral Blood ◽

Large Scale ◽

Immune Cell ◽

Inbred Mouse ◽

Strain Differences ◽

Peripheral Blood Leukocyte ◽

Mouse Strains ◽

Cell Populations ◽

Wide Range

Inbred mouse strains are routinely used as genetically defined animal models for studying a wide assortment of biological and pathological processes, including immune system function. However, no studies have presented large-scale data on the immune cell populations among the inbred strains in physiological conditions. Here we present a systematic, quantitative analysis of peripheral blood cell phenotypes of 30 mouse strains assessed by flow cytometry. This cohort of mice represents a wide range of genetic origins and includes most of the strains used in genetic, physiological, and immunological studies. We evaluated the relative percentages of peripheral blood leukocyte subtypes (lymphocytes, granulocytes, and monocytes) and lymphocyte subpopulations (CD4+ T, CD8+ T, B220+ B, and natural killer cells) of mature (6-mo-old) mice. Our comprehensive study demonstrated: 1) marked differences in the relative proportions of blood cell populations among the strains at this age, 2) considerable variation of each immune trait with more than twofold difference between strains with the highest and the lowest trait values, and 3) haplotype analysis revealed a strong correlation between eosinophil percentage and a single region on chromosome 14 containing two candidate genes. The strain differences described here provide important information for researchers applying immunophenotyping of peripheral blood in immunological and genetic studies. The data from this study are available as part of the Mouse Phenome Database at http://www.jax.org/phenome .

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Heparin and proteoglycans as anti-inflammatory drugs

Hämostaseologie ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1656639 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 16 (01) ◽

pp. 56-59

Author(s):

D. J. Tyrrell ◽

C. P. Page

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Diseases ◽

Therapeutic Applications ◽

Wide Range ◽

Inflammatory Drugs ◽

Anti Inflammatory

SummaryEvidence continues to accumulate that the pleiotropic nature of heparin (beyond its anticoagulant potency) includes anti-inflammatory activities at a number of levels. It is clear that drugs exploiting these anti-inflammatory activities of heparin may offer exciting new therapeutic applications to the treatment of a wide range of inflammatory diseases.

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OCCURRENCE OF THE RISKS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF RESPIRATORY DISEASES IN CHILDREN EXPOSED TO THE CHEMICAL FACTORS OF THE EXPOSURE OF ALUMINA REFINERY- ASSOCIATED BUSINESS ACTIVITY

ЗДОРОВЬЕ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ И СРЕДА ОБИТАНИЯ - ЗНиСО / PUBLIC HEALTH AND LIFE ENVIRONMENT ◽

10.35627/2219-5238/2019-320-11-42-47 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 42-47 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M.A. Zemlianova ◽

I.V. Tikhonova

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Tract ◽

Respiratory Diseases ◽

Inflammatory Diseases ◽

Allergic Inflammation ◽

Respiratory Morbidity ◽

Upper Respiratory Tract ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Wide Range ◽

Chemical Factors ◽

Chronic Lymphoproliferative Diseases

Alumina refineries are among the leading sources of atmospheric air pollution with a wide range of pollutants hazardous to human respiratory organs. It is relevant to study and evaluate the occurrence of the risks for development of respiratory diseases in children living in the area affected by the emission components of an alumina refinery. We assessed air quality of the area under observation and comparison according to monitoring observations, risk of non-carcinogenic effects from the respiratory organs. The content of chemicals in the blood and urine adequate to risk factors was quantified. The structure of individual groups of respiratory diseases was analyzed. The causal relationships of violations of laboratory parameters with an increased content of chemicals in biological media were evaluated. It was found that an aerogenic exposure of chemical pollutants is formed on the territory with the production of metallurgical alumina. It determines the risk for development of respiratory diseases, exceeding an acceptable level up to 49.9 times. In the exposed children, the content of manganese, chromium, nickel, copper, xylenes, formaldehyde and aluminum, fluoride ion in the urine was increased to 4.2 times in relation to the indices in the comparison group. A high level of additional respiratory morbidity(1.8 times) was revealed. Chronic lymphoproliferative diseases of the nasopharynx and inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract (up to 6.6 times more often), inflammatory diseases with a predominance of the mechanism of allergic inflammation ( up to 2.1 times more often)are more often detected in the framework of the respiratory diseases. Negative effects on the part of the respiratory system in the form of activation of antioxidant processes, the development of an inflammatory reaction, local, general and specific sensitization of the respiratory tract were established. It confirms the occurrence of the risks for the development of respiratory diseases in children in the exposure area of the chemical factors of alumina refinery-associated economic activity.

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The CONFINE (Comorbidities and Outcome iN patients with chronic heart Failure: a study in INternal mEdicine units) study: a new epidemiologic observational study on heart failure in the internal medicine departments in Italy

Italian Journal of Medicine ◽

10.4081/itjm.2007.1.57 ◽

2013 ◽

pp. 57-64

Author(s):

P. Biagi

Keyword(s):

Internal Medicine ◽

Heart Failure ◽

Observational Study ◽

Inflammatory Diseases ◽

Correct Diagnosis ◽

Cognitive Disorders ◽

Epidemiological Data ◽

Chronic Kidney Failure ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Quality Life

BACKGROUND The burden of heart failure (HF) is enormous and its prevalence increases sharply with age. It has been estimated that heart failure affects up to 3% of the general population and 10% of the elderly. It contributes to hospital admission for most of them, mainly elder adults (admitted in internal medicine units) with more than one comorbidity, cognitive disorders, impairment and so on. Despite the increasing prevalence of heart failure, its exact incidence and prevalence remain largely unknown and probably underestimated due to a lack of accurate epidemiological data and difficulties associated with comorbidities and correct diagnosis: over 40% of recurrent hospitalization causes, either cardiac or extracardiac, cannot be determined due to the lack of data. AIM OF THE STUDY The objective of this study estimated the prevalence and the primary care burden associated with comorbidities in internal medicine units. METHOD The design: a longitudinal multicentric observational study using spot analysis three data sheets were filled in during the hospital stay according to three crucial moments: enrolment (“the index day”), admission and discharge. Will be analyzed the following primary outcomes: total and cardiovascular mortality, intensive unit care admission, recurrent cardiovascular disorders, length of stay, hospital readmission, changes in activities of daily living, need for care. Second outcomes: clinical, therapeutic, instrumental and laboratory changes during the admission process. Deep analysis of the following comorbidities will be also taken into account: acute and chronic kidney failure, anaemia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, muscle loss, nutritional status, cirrhosis of the liver, neoplasms, blood cell disorders, chronic inflammatory diseases. Further evalutation items: cognitive impairment, self-sufficiency and perception of quality life.

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Photonic Crystal Nanobeam Cavities for Nanoscale Optical Sensing: A Review

Micromachines ◽

10.3390/mi11010072 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 72 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Da-Quan Yang ◽

Bing Duan ◽

Xiao Liu ◽

Ai-Qiang Wang ◽

Xiao-Gang Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Photonic Crystal ◽

Optical Waveguides ◽

Optical Sensing ◽

Early Stage ◽

Disease Diagnosis ◽

Label Free ◽

Quality Factors ◽

Integrated Sensor ◽

Early Stage Disease ◽

Wide Range

The ability to detect nanoscale objects is particular crucial for a wide range of applications, such as environmental protection, early-stage disease diagnosis and drug discovery. Photonic crystal nanobeam cavity (PCNC) sensors have attracted great attention due to high-quality factors and small-mode volumes (Q/V) and good on-chip integrability with optical waveguides/circuits. In this review, we focus on nanoscale optical sensing based on PCNC sensors, including ultrahigh figure of merit (FOM) sensing, single nanoparticle trapping, label-free molecule detection and an integrated sensor array for multiplexed sensing. We believe that the PCNC sensors featuring ultracompact footprint, high monolithic integration capability, fast response and ultrahigh sensitivity sensing ability, etc., will provide a promising platform for further developing lab-on-a-chip devices for biosensing and other functionalities.

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Non-Albumin Proteinuria (NAP) as a Complementary Marker for Diabetic Kidney Disease (DKD)

Life ◽

10.3390/life11030224 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 224

Author(s):

Jaehyun Bae ◽

Young Jun Won ◽

Byung-Wan Lee

Keyword(s):

Kidney Disease ◽

Filtration Rate ◽

Diabetic Kidney Disease ◽

Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽

Early Stage ◽

Screening Tools ◽

Tubular Injury ◽

Current Standard ◽

Diabetic Kidney ◽

Wide Range

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the most common forms of chronic kidney disease. Its pathogenic mechanism is complex, and it can affect entire structures of the kidney. However, conventional approaches to early stage DKD have focused on changes to the glomerulus. Current standard screening tools for DKD, albuminuria, and estimated glomerular filtration rate are insufficient to reflect early tubular injury. Therefore, many tubular biomarkers have been suggested. Non-albumin proteinuria (NAP) contains a wide range of tubular biomarkers and is convenient to measure. We reviewed the clinical meanings of NAP and its significance as a marker for early stage DKD.

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Association between methylation of BIN1 promoter in peripheral blood and preclinical Alzheimer’s disease

Translational Psychiatry ◽

10.1038/s41398-021-01218-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Hao Hu ◽

Lan Tan ◽

Yan-Lin Bi ◽

Wei Xu ◽

Lin Tan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Peripheral Blood ◽

Late Onset ◽

Early Stage ◽

Susceptibility Gene ◽

Subjective Cognitive Decline ◽

Preclinical Ad ◽

T Tau ◽

New Evidence

AbstractThe bridging integrator 1 (BIN1) gene is the second most important susceptibility gene for late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (LOAD) after apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene. To explore whether the BIN1 methylation in peripheral blood changed in the early stage of LOAD, we included 814 participants (484 cognitively normal participants [CN] and 330 participants with subjective cognitive decline [SCD]) from the Chinese Alzheimer’s Biomarker and LifestylE (CABLE) database. Then we tested associations of methylation of BIN1 promoter in peripheral blood with the susceptibility for preclinical AD or early changes of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) AD-related biomarkers. Results showed that SCD participants with significant AD biological characteristics had lower methylation levels of BIN1 promoter, even after correcting for covariates. Hypomethylation of BIN1 promoter were associated with decreased CSF Aβ42 (p = 0.0008), as well as increased p-tau/Aβ42 (p = 0.0001) and t-tau/Aβ42 (p < 0.0001) in total participants. Subgroup analysis showed that the above associations only remained in the SCD subgroup. In addition, hypomethylation of BIN1 promoter was also accompanied by increased CSF p-tau (p = 0.0028) and t-tau (p = 0.0130) in the SCD subgroup, which was independent of CSF Aβ42. Finally, above associations were still significant after correcting single nucleotide polymorphic sites (SNPs) and interaction of APOE ɛ4 status. Our study is the first to find a robust association between hypomethylation of BIN1 promoter in peripheral blood and preclinical AD. This provides new evidence for the involvement of BIN1 in AD, and may contribute to the discovery of new therapeutic targets for AD.

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Identification of BHLHE40 expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells as a novel biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-90515-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Pattapon Kunadirek ◽

Chaiyaboot Ariyachet ◽

Supachaya Sriphoosanaphan ◽

Nutcha Pinjaroen ◽

Pongserath Sirichindakul ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽

Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽

Peripheral Blood ◽

Mononuclear Cells ◽

Early Stage ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽

Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽

Transcription Profiles ◽

Blood Mononuclear Cells

AbstractNovel and sensitive biomarkers is highly required for early detection and predicting prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Here, we investigated transcription profiles from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of 8 patients with HCC and PBMCs from co-culture model with HCC using RNA-Sequencing. These transcription profiles were cross compared with published microarray datasets of PBMCs in HCC to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). A total of commonly identified of 24 DEGs among these data were proposed as cancer-induced genes in PBMCs, including 18 upregulated and 6 downregulated DEGs. The KEGG pathway showed that these enriched genes were mainly associated with immune responses. Five up-regulated candidate genes including BHLHE40, AREG, SOCS1, CCL5, and DDIT4 were selected and further validated in PBMCs of 100 patients with HBV-related HCC, 100 patients with chronic HBV infection and 100 healthy controls. Based on ROC analysis, BHLHE40 and DDIT4 displayed better diagnostic performance than alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in discriminating HCC from controls. Additionally, BHLHE40 and DDIT4 had high sensitivity for detecting AFP-negative and early-stage HCC. BHLHE40 was also emerged as an independent prognostic factor of overall survival of HCC. Together, our study indicated that BHLHE40 in PBMCs could be a promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for HBV-related HCC.

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Impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the recovery of peripheral blood mononuclear cells by density gradient

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-83950-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Maria D. I. Manunta ◽

Giuseppe Lamorte ◽

Francesca Ferrari ◽

Elena Trombetta ◽

Mario Tirone ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Density Gradient ◽

Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽

Peripheral Blood ◽

Early Phase ◽

Mononuclear Cells ◽

Early Stage ◽

Gradient Centrifugation ◽

Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽

Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽

Circulating Lymphocytes

AbstractSARS-CoV-2 virus infection is responsible for coronavirus disease (COVID-19), which is characterised by a hyperinflammatory response that plays a major role in determining the respiratory and immune-mediated complications of this condition. While isolating peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from whole blood of COVID-19 patients by density gradient centrifugation, we noticed some changes in the floating properties and in the sedimentation of the cells on density medium. Investigating this further, we found that in early phase COVID-19 patients, characterised by reduced circulating lymphocytes and monocytes, the PBMC fraction contained surprisingly high levels of neutrophils. Furthermore, the neutrophil population exhibited alterations in the cell size and in the internal complexity, consistent with the presence of low density neutrophils (LDNs) and immature forms, which may explain the shift seen in the floating abilities and that may be predictive of the severity of the disease. The percentage of this subset of neutrophils found in the PBMC band was rather spread (35.4 ± 27.2%, with a median 28.8% and IQR 11.6–56.1, Welch’s t-test early phase COVID-19 versus blood donor healthy controls P < 0.0001). Results confirm the presence of an increased number of LDNs in patients with early stage COVID-19, which correlates with disease severity and may be recovered by centrifugation on a density gradient together with PBMCs.

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