scholarly journals The Conception of Culture, Values and Identity of Iran in Shaykh Fazlallah Nuri's Writings

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2(2)) ◽  
pp. 151-163
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Abassy
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Model ◽  
Religious Leader ◽  
The West ◽  
God's People ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
British Embassy ◽  
Semantic Transformation

The aim of this analysis of Nuri’s writings is the creation of a model of culture which is based on the semantics of the notions qanun, eslam, mosvat, horriyat, mashrute/mashru'e, qanun-e asasi. Investigations into the model of culture proposed by Nuri will allow us to distinguish its specific features and to discover its roots and condition at the time of confrontation with an alternative model. The word qanun ‘law’ is the central one in Nuri’s texts of the mashrute period. The history of its semantic transformation has its roots in the 1850s and the first contacts of the Iranian people with the West. Nuri inquired as to the semantics of the notions of qanun, mosavat, horriyat (azadi) and mashrute in discussions during the time of bast in Abdolazim mosque and in the conversations with representatives of the British embassy. He acted against these elements of law. He regarded himself as a religious leader for his community which, as a whole, constituted God’s people whose final purpose was salvation.

A Cultural History of Objects in the Medieval Age

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Semple
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Cultural History ◽  
The West ◽  
Material World ◽  
Everyday Objects ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Power And Agency

A Cultural History of Objects in the Medieval Age covers the period 500 to 1400, examining the creation, use and understanding of human-made objects and their consequences and impacts. The power and agency of objects significantly evolved over this time. Exploring objects and artefacts within art, technology, and everyday life, the volume challenges our understanding of both life worlds and object worlds in medieval society. The 6 volume set of the Cultural History of Objects examines how objects have been created, used, interpreted and set loose in the world over the last 2500 years. Over this time, the West has developed particular attitudes to the material world, at the centre of which is the idea of the object. The themes covered in each volume are objecthood; technology; economic objects; everyday objects; art; architecture; bodily objects; object worlds.

Introduction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamie Gilham ◽  
Ron Geaves
Keyword(s):  
Public Interest ◽  
First Century ◽  
Religious Leader ◽  
The West ◽  
The Core ◽  
History Of ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
Life Work

This introduction explains the resurgence of scholarly and public interest in the Muslim convert, Abdullah Quilliam, after some seventy years of near total neglect following his death in 1932. It situates the current spotlight on Quilliam and the revival of his reputation amongst Muslims and non-Muslims in the context of post-9/11 interest in the history of Islam in Britain and the West. This introduction then points to the core themes of the book and the key arguments that are addressed in the subsequent chapters. It suggests that Quilliam’s life, work and legacy as a pioneering religious leader are set to continue to inspire and provoke debate through the twenty-first century.

scholarly journals PAINTING AND POETRY: EZRA POUND’S “SEVEN LAKES CANTO” AND EIGHT VIEWS OF XIAO XIANG

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (41) ◽  
pp. 84-94
Author(s):  
Hongxin Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Great Influence ◽  
Cultural Exchange ◽  
The West ◽  
Cultural Elements ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Cantos ◽  
Poetic Work

Abstract: In the history of cultural exchange between China and the West, it’s a deed praised far and wide that the Chinese paintings Eight Views of Xiao Xiang had exerted great influence on Ezra Pound’s poetic work “Seven Lakes Canto” or “Canto 49.” By exploring the details of the paintings and tracing the influence of the paintings on the creation of the poem, this paper reveals that the etymological and compositional use of Chinese ideograms had an enormous impact on Pound’s thinking about poetry and cultural matters, and on the writing of The Cantos. Pound, by adopting the images of China in Eight Views of Xiao Xiang, finds another paradise, so the Chinese cultural elements enabled him to create a new entity in its own right: the Poundian poem. Discussion of Pound’s “Seven Lakes Canto” from his poetic and translation theories certifies that the poem can actually be perceived as a unique way of interpreting and displaying China.

scholarly journals Occidental Gender Trouble and the Creation of the Oriental Sodomite

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (Winter) ◽  
pp. 184-195
Author(s):  
Patrick Haddad
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Contact ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
The West ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Identity Category ◽  
Gender Trouble ◽  
The One ◽  
East West

Recent debates on the issue of “Arab homosexuality” place the creation of that identity category in a framework of European “epistemic hegemony,” putting thus the blame on both Nahdawi writers who adopted a Victorian morality and ethics from their western counterparts, and on contemporary “Arab” LGBT activists that participate in neoliberal NGO practices. These two agents allegedly imbibe a matrix of cis-heteronormativity alien to their societies at the time. Literary critics such as Khaled El-Rouayheb and Joseph Massad, foremost writers on the subject of the Nahda and homosexuality, have presented the nuanced relationship between Arab modernity, sexuality, and de-colonization. Yet, they have done so while charting a dynamic of power that does not sufficiently provincialize Europe nor re-contextualize the discourse into a longer history of “East/West” history of desire. My objective in this paper is to showcase small but significant instances of interaction between “The West” and the “Orient” on the issue of “same-sex” sexual contact in an effort to understand a trend of portraying “The Orient” as inherently sodomitic. Furthermore, my aim is to question the histories of “Arab” sexuality and modernity that are taken for granted in many of these debates. Thus, I will discuss a dynamic of power contradictory to the one presented in Joseph Massad’s Desiring Arabs, one that would question several pre- and post-colonialist arguments on the emergence of “homophobia” in Levantine contexts.

scholarly journals From paleontological collections to the Paleontological Museum of Lviv University as an object of historical, cultural and natural values

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 781-793
Author(s):  
Yaryna М. Tuzyak ◽  
Аntonina V. Іvanina ◽  
Halina І. Hotsanyuk ◽  
Іhor V. Shaynoha ◽  
Аndrii Ya. Cherniak
Keyword(s):  
Earth Sciences ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Theoretical Concept ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
The West ◽  
National University ◽  
Western Ukraine ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Geological Sciences

The creation of the Paleontological Museum of Lviv University is the implementation of one of many projects of scientists of geologists and paleontologists in the territory of first Eastern Europe, and later modern Western Ukraine. The foundation of the «temple of muses» of geological sciences (natural sciences, Earth sciences) and their component of paleontology in the West of Ukraine is the stage of formation of geological (paleontological) research and the Lviv geological (paleontological-stratigraphic) school at the Lviv University. The beginning and development of natural sciences – geology and paleontology on a global scale became the basis for the creation of the Geological Faculty and the Department of Historical Geology and Paleontology (1945) at the Lviv University, and the Geological/Paleontological Museum acquired importance in the study, collection, conservation, protection, and popularization of Earth Sciences among various segments of the population. The history of the foundation and the development of the Geological/Paleontological Museum of Ivan Franko National University of Lviv is covered. Prerequisites that contributed to the foundation of the Paleontological Museum are given, the scientific and theoretical concept based on it, the directions of research and the results of achievements of each stage are substantiated. The museum place in the «spectrum» of historical, cultural and natural values has been clarified. The scientific research works of different generations of geologists and paleontologists over the 200-year history and their contribution to the development of Earth Sciences were analyzed. Its significance as a cultural and spiritual center for the development of society is highlighted. The description of the activity of the scientific goals of various political systems in which the territories of the West of Ukraine were located and their contribution to the development of the Paleontological Museum is given. The structure and classification of natural objects (fossils, naturals) of museum collections and foundations by purpose and significance have been determined. Modern and further trends in the development of the Paleontological Museum have been clarified. Fundamental, research, educational and informative, cultural, propaganda aspects of the Paleontologic Мuseum are shown.

scholarly journals Pendidikan Ilmu Astronomi Dari Historis Sampai Heliosentris

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-110
Author(s):  
Nabil Nabil
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
Dark Matter ◽  
Dark Energy ◽  
Human Life ◽  
History Of Astronomy ◽  
The West ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Origin Of The Universe

Science in human life is very important to illuminate every walk of life, both physical (material) and metaphysical (immaterial). The universe was born millions and even billions of years ago, so many astronomical physicists calculate the origin of the universe, so the creation of the theory of bigbang, black holes, dark energy, dark matter, newton gravity, etc. Astronomy is important in teaching to know the phenomena of the universe (general), and to know times of worship (specifically). Before entering the science, it is better to know the history of astronomy, both the history of theory, and the figures then the hierarchy between geocentric and heliocentric in several views, both from the view of a character, as well as the view of the scriptures. Indeed, when humans think about the universe, in this case about the center of the universe there will be a hierarchy with the scriptures. This is a matter between different reason and revelation. Therefore, in this paper I touch on the issue of Heliocentric and Geocentric. And do not forget the astronomical figures from the West and East.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF THE ORGANIZATION OF AUL SCHOOLS IN AKMOLA, SEMIPALATINSK REGION (AT THE BEGINNING OF THE ХХ CENTURY)

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S.S. Saifulmalikova ◽  
◽  
M.E. Kadyrbayeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Education ◽  
Formation Process ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
The West ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Russian Empire

In the article, the authors consider the history of the creation of nomadic aul schools in Akmola, Semipalatinsk region. The formation process of primary education in the Russian Empire in the second half of the ХІХ - early ХХ century is analyzed. The peculiarity of the creation of nomadic schools, the content of the educational process, the material and technical condition is revealed. The number of aul schools is indicated. Also in the article the rules that have been adopted on aul schools had analyzed. The authors, on the basis of extensive factual material, studying the topic of creating nomadic schools in the West Siberian educational district, compare them with the Orenburg educational district. The scientific novelty of the work is determined by the fact that it studies the specific feature of the aul school in the system of primary education in the Russian Empire.

Saint-Joseph University of Beirut: An Enclave of the French-Speaking Communities in the Levant, 1875–1914

Itinerario ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Herzstein
Keyword(s):  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
The West ◽  
The Future ◽  
French Speaking ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation

The origin of the Saint-Joseph University of Beirut, or USJ, dates back to the Seminar of Ghazir founded by the Jesuit Fathers in 1843. The College of Ghazir, established with the intention of training the local Maronite clergy, was transferred to Beirut in 1875. This centre for higher studies was named Saint-Joseph University. In his audience of 25 February 1881, Pope Leo XIII conferred the title of Pontifical University on the USJ.This article deals with the history of the USJ, the first great French-speaking Jesuit institution in the area which, at the time, bore the name of “Syria”. (The term Syria is used henceforth to represent the geographical entity of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, which includes Syria and Lebanon of the present.) The underlying reasons for the creation of Saint-Joseph University of Beirut have to do with its being located in a province of the Ottoman Empire coveted by the future mandatory power, France. By the 1870s, the Ottoman Empire was being preserved chiefly by the competition between the European powers, all of whom wanted chunks of it. The Ottoman territory, like the territory of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, encompassed a great many ethnic groups whose own nationalism was also stirring. Under Ottoman rule, the region of the Levant developed economic and religious ties with Europe. Open to the West, it became a hotbed of political strife between various foreign nations including France, Russia and Britain. These powerful countries assumed the protection of certain ethnic and religious groups, with France supporting the Christian Maronites and Britain supporting the Druzes.

scholarly journals Foundations of alternative science in the history of philosophy

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 201-207
Author(s):  
Ibragim M. Melikov ◽  
Olga B. Skorodumova ◽  
Svetlana E. Kryuchkova ◽  
Salavat F. Yakupov
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Alternative Model ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
History Of Philosophy ◽  
World Science ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation

The aim of the study is to develop an idea of alternative science based on ideas in the history of philosophy. The novelty of the work lies in the creation of an idea of an alternative model of science, which allows solving the existing problems of modern science. The main research methods are hermeneutic and axiological, as well as a systems approach. The conclusion reached by the authors is that alternative science should not describe existing empirical realities but develop a scientific ideal. In turn, this scientific ideal must have a spiritual content, i.e. to be spiritualized. It must be recognized as the highest truth, and all other ideas that have their manifestation in our world, science must consider through comparison with a scientific spiritualized ideal.

Politics and Bureaucracy in the West German Bundesrat

1959 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 713-731
Author(s):  
Karlheinz Neunreither
Keyword(s):  
Federal Republic ◽  
The Other ◽  
The West ◽  
New Model ◽  
New Variant ◽  
History Of ◽  
Democratic System ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Future Utility

The creation of the Bundesrat, when the Federal Republic was launched a decade ago, has brought into being a new variant among the several examples of second chambers in the lengthening history of federal governments. The purpose of this study is to investigate the working of that new model—in contrast to the expectations of its originators—and its relations to the other parts of a democratic system; and to assess its present merits and future utility.

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