scholarly journals Postmodern conflictology: issues of theory and approaches to methodology

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-40
Author(s):  
Tetiana Vlasova ◽  
Oleksandr Pshinko ◽  
Olha Vlasova
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Construction Methods ◽  
Conflict Situations ◽  
Critical Approaches ◽  
Postmodern Philosophy ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Conflict Resolutions

The problematization of the classical concepts in the postmodern philosophy has created some definite challenges that stipulate the development of the “Theory” in its interdisciplinary conceptual meanings and practical applications. The latter demands a certain “list” of the new notions and implies requirements for theorists to reflect the scientific diversity without reducing it to any kind of “theoretical unity”. For these reasons the purpose of this article is the conceptual reconstruction of the notion of the conflict in the specific postmodern context of its sociocultural, political and ethical meanings and senses. The methods of the research are mainly based on the principle of the anthropocentric paradigm, which stipulates the use of the interdisciplinary comparative-critical approaches and social construction methods in the general problematic field of postmodernism. While analysing conflict theories such schools of philosophy as existententialism, phenomenology and pragmatism are considered to be valid in the descriptions of both the actual conditions of the individual human existence and abstract human qualities. The practical aspects of this paper involve the empirical representation of the principles of the value and the sense in the problematic aspects of conflict resolution with the stress on the concepts of the discoursive communication. The obtained results allow to come to the conclusion that the most influential transformations are connected with such postmodern conflict problems as asymmetrical threats and unstable security architecture. The latter proves that the methodological approaches to conflictology should be evaluated from the point of presumably successful resolutions against the background of different spatial and temporal factors, which, in its turn, means creating new administrative modalities of conflict management. It should be stressed that in the context of the conflictological tendencies of the globalizing societies the special place should be occupied by the principles of K.- O. Apel’s discoursive ethics and M. M. Bakhtin’s doctrine of the “responsible dialogism”. Nowadays political approaches cannot be effective in the conflict resolutions without the classical ideals and the absolutes, without the impact of the Pathos, which means implied significance of the “relatively Utopian” ideas and their application in the conflict resolution, the potential possibilities of their realization in the conflict situations.

Coaching skills for recovery a decade of providing coaching skills for recovery training at a healthcare NHS foundation trust

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Kathryn Cyrus
Keyword(s):  
Work Practice ◽  
Clinical Approach ◽  
Personal Recovery ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Coaching Skills ◽  
The Difference ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Brain

Purpose Overview of coaching for recovery. The paper aims to show an overview of work that was carried out over 11 years with groups of mental health and physical staff. As the facilitator who had run this course for the duration in Nottingham, this was an excellent opportunity to be at the forefront of a brand new project. Design/methodology/approach The introduction of the skills are taught over two consecutive days followed by a further day a month later. The idea of coaching is to be enabled to find the answers in themselves by the use of powerful questions and using the technique of the grow model, combined with practice enables the brain to come up with its own answers. Using rapport and enabling effective communication to deliver the outcome. Findings Evidence from staff/clients and the purpose of the paper shows that when you step back it allows the individual patients/staff to allow the brain to process to create to come up with their solutions, which then helps them to buy into the process and creates ownership. Research limitations/implications The evidence suggests that the approach that was there prior to the course was very much a clinical approach to working with clients and treating the person, administering medication and not focussing on the inner person or personal recovery. The staff review has shown that in the clinical context change is happening from the inside out. Practical implications “Helps change culture”; “change of work practice”; “it changed staff focus – not so prescriptive”; “powerful questions let clients come to their own conclusions”; “coaching gives the ability to find half full. Helps to offer reassurance and to find one spark of hope”. Social implications This has shown that the approach is now person-centred/holistic. This has been the “difference that has made the difference”. When this paper looks at the issues from a different angle in this case a coaching approach, applying technique, knowledge and powerful questions the results have changed. The same clients, same staff and same problems but with the use of a different approach, there is the evidence of a different outcome, which speaks for itself. The coaching method is more facilitative, therefore it illicit’s a different response, and therefore, result. Originality/value The results/evidence starts with the individual attending and their commitment to the process over the two-day course. Then going away for the four weeks/six for managers and a commitment again to practice. Returning to share the impact if any with the group. This, in turn, helps to inspire and gain motivation from the feedback to go back to work invigorated to keep going.

scholarly journals Metabolic Engineering in the -omics Era: Elucidating and Modulating Regulatory Networks

2005 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goutham N. Vemuri ◽  
Aristos A. Aristidou
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Engineering ◽  
Regulatory Networks ◽  
Regulatory Control ◽  
Biological Information ◽  
Metabolite Level ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Cell Factories ◽  
Fundamental Research ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

SUMMARY The importance of regulatory control in metabolic processes is widely acknowledged, and several enquiries (both local and global) are being made in understanding regulation at various levels of the metabolic hierarchy. The wealth of biological information has enabled identifying the individual components (genes, proteins, and metabolites) of a biological system, and we are now in a position to understand the interactions between these components. Since phenotype is the net result of these interactions, it is immensely important to elucidate them not only for an integrated understanding of physiology, but also for practical applications of using biological systems as cell factories. We present some of the recent “-omics” approaches that have expanded our understanding of regulation at the gene, protein, and metabolite level, followed by analysis of the impact of this progress on the advancement of metabolic engineering. Although this review is by no means exhaustive, we attempt to convey our ideology that combining global information from various levels of metabolic hierarchy is absolutely essential in understanding and subsequently predicting the relationship between changes in gene expression and the resulting phenotype. The ultimate aim of this review is to provide metabolic engineers with an overview of recent advances in complementary aspects of regulation at the gene, protein, and metabolite level and those involved in fundamental research with potential hurdles in the path to implementing their discoveries in practical applications.

scholarly journals Impacts of Globalization and Conflicts on Business Performance and Possibilities of Its Solution

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 06032
Author(s):  
Peter Seemann ◽  
Zuzana Stofkova
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Industrial Relations ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Economic Globalization ◽  
Nation States ◽  
Conflict Situations ◽  
Survey Sample ◽  
The Impact

Research background: The concept of globalization is interpreted by various authors in terms of its importance or content. Globalization refers to the process of gradually erasing the borders of nation-states, and economic globalization is the culmination of this process. The proof is the interconnectedness of economies around the world, where each economy reacts sensitively to fluctuations and changes in other economies. Purpose of the article: The paper deals with the examination of conflicts in the work environment of selected companies and the subsequent formulation of suggestions and recommendations for improvement. Methods: Nowadays, conflicts in industrial relations and failure to manage conflict situations are one of the biggest problems in companies. A quantitative questionnaire survey was used to find out the current situation in companies in terms of conflicts, specific causes of conflicts, the impact of conflicts on work performance, how employees resolve work conflicts, and their awareness of alternative conflict resolution, with whom employees most often come into conflict. The questionnaire was anonymous; therefore, the specific company names are not given. The numbers of 190 selected companies were contacted, and 93 of them were replied to the questionnaire, which forms a survey sample. Findings & Value added: The conclusion contains recommendations for individual respondent’s businesses to successfully resolve and prevent conflicts in the workplace, and thus strive to build a peaceful working atmosphere without extra costs incurred ineffective conflict resolution. Furthermore, there is an evaluation of the economic aspect and demonstration of the benefits of acquiring and using the skills of alternative conflict resolution in the form of elimination of losses.

scholarly journals Introduction: From Conceptual Debates to Practical Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
pp. 7-28
Author(s):  
Sergey Troitskiy ◽  
◽  
Leena Kurvet-Käosaar ◽  
Liisi Laineste ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Traumatic Experience ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Cultural Scripts ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
European Experience ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

Bringing into focus the ways of how to approach trauma instead of defining the object of research is becoming increasingly important. This also indicates that the range of approaches to trauma that informs cultural inquiry is widening, and is moving away from one singular paradigm posited as universal. Trauma scholars have demonstrated, on the one hand, the importance of particular experiences, specific cases, individual features of experiencing, remembering, and narrating trauma. On the other hand, they have pointed out the impact of cultural “scripts” shaped by broader cultural understandings and social and cultural regulations and preferences that shape the possibilities of the representation of traumatic experience. This special issue seeks to recognize and negotiate the individual and collective dimensions of trauma as well as their interwovenness, with a focus on the (post)-Soviet and Eastern European experience. It does so by addressing the generalizing theoretical models as well as the practical, material, and experimental aspects of trauma. Thus, it seeks to disentangle and clarify the links between the collective and the individual, the theoretical and the practical, and finally, the universal and the specific, the global and the local.

Effects of Threat of Shock on Conflict Resolution and Conflict Generalization

1967 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 377-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Schill ◽  
Myron Boor
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Conflict Situation ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Conflict Situations ◽  
Conflict Condition ◽  
Competing Response ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Threat Of Shock

Ss were exposed to a three-stage experimental conflict paradigm consisting of pretraining (weak conflict), conflict training (either strong conflict, strong conflict plus threat of shock for wrong responses, weak conflict, or weak conflict plus threat of shock for wrong responses), and post-conflict performance (weak conflict). The results indicated: (1) performance in a weak conflict situation was markedly affected by previous conflict exposure, (2) threat of shock associated with weak and strong conflict situations increased indecisiveness particularly in the weak conflict condition, and (3) the threat of shock groups and the strong conflict non-threat group were significantly more indecisive during the post-conflict than the weak conflict group, but the former three groups did not differ significantly from one another. These results were discussed as being more consistent with a competing-response than a dynamogenic formulation regarding the effects on the individual of exposure to conflict.

Creativity

2009 ◽  
pp. 260-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dean Keith Simonton
Keyword(s):  
Positive Psychology ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Creative Development ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Early Trauma ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Theoretical Issues

Because creativity is often viewed as a highly positive human capacity both at the individual and societal levels, the chapter provides an overview of what psychologists have learned about this phenomenon. After beginning with the definition of creativity in terms of adaptive originality, the review turns to how measurement depends on whether creativity is to be treated as a process, a person, or a product. The next section of the review concentrates on the principal empirical results, with special focus on the two findings that would seem to be especially germane for positive psychology, namely (a) the impact of early trauma on creative development and (b) the relation between creativity and psychopathology. This section is followed by a discussion of the two key theoretical issues that pervade research on creativity: the nature-nurture question and the small-c versus big-C creativity question. Once these empirical and theoretical matters have been discussed, the article can progress to a treatment of some practical applications. These applications concern creativity-improving techniques that can be implemented during childhood, adolescence, or adulthood. The chapter closes with a brief discussion of the most fruitful directions for future research on creativity. Despite the tremendous accumulation of knowledge about the phenomenon, a lot of unanswered questions remain.

scholarly journals Effects of Youth Empowerment Strategies on Conflict Resolutions in the Niger-Delta of Nigeria: Evidence from Cross River State

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
NI Ofem ◽  
AR Ajayi
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Niger Delta ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Youth Empowerment ◽  
Probit Regression ◽  
Cross River State ◽  
Niger Delta Region ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Conflict Resolutions ◽  
Positive Results

The Niger Delta region of Nigeria has been ridden by youth restiveness and yet several intervention program have not yielded positive results. The study, therefore, evaluates the impact of youth empowerment strategies on conflict resolution using an ordered probit regression model. The study reveals that youth educational programs, provision of infrastructures and credit facilities showed significant effects as tools for conflict resolution. Employment opportunities and income indicated positive results yet they were not significant. This indicates that youth empowerment strategies must be sustainable if they have to make reasonable impact on conflict management. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jard.v6i1.1671 J Agric Rural Dev 6(1&2), 139-146, June 2008

Accent Policy and Accent Modification Enterprises as Potential Indicators of Intercultural Power Relations: A Call for an Updated Research Agenda

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brynne D. Ovalle ◽  
Rahul Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Identity Construction ◽  
Social Theory ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Linguistic Diversity ◽  
Cultural Organization ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This article has two purposes: (a) to examine the relationship between intercultural power relations and the widespread practice of accent discrimination and (b) to underscore the ramifications of accent discrimination both for the individual and for global society as a whole. First, authors review social theory regarding language and group identity construction, and then go on to integrate more current studies linking accent bias to sociocultural variables. Authors discuss three examples of intercultural accent discrimination in order to illustrate how this link manifests itself in the broader context of international relations (i.e., how accent discrimination is generated in situations of unequal power) and, using a review of current research, assess the consequences of accent discrimination for the individual. Finally, the article highlights the impact that linguistic discrimination is having on linguistic diversity globally, partially using data from the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and partially by offering a potential context for interpreting the emergence of practices that seek to reduce or modify speaker accents.

Investigating the Relationship Between Self-Esteem and Stigma Among Young Adults With History of Suicide Attempts

Crisis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meshan Lehmann ◽  
Matthew R. Hilimire ◽  
Lawrence H. Yang ◽  
Bruce G. Link ◽  
Jordan E. DeVylder
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
High Functioning ◽  
People With Mental Illness ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Background: Self-esteem is a major contributor to risk for repeated suicide attempts. Prior research has shown that awareness of stigma is associated with reduced self-esteem among people with mental illness. No prior studies have examined the association between self-esteem and stereotype awareness among individuals with past suicide attempts. Aims: To understand the relationship between stereotype awareness and self-esteem among young adults who have and have not attempted suicide. Method: Computerized surveys were administered to college students (N = 637). Linear regression analyses were used to test associations between self-esteem and stereotype awareness, attempt history, and their interaction. Results: There was a significant stereotype awareness by attempt interaction (β = –.74, p = .006) in the regression analysis. The interaction was explained by a stronger negative association between stereotype awareness and self-esteem among individuals with past suicide attempts (β = –.50, p = .013) compared with those without attempts (β = –.09, p = .037). Conclusion: Stigma is associated with lower self-esteem within this high-functioning sample of young adults with histories of suicide attempts. Alleviating the impact of stigma at the individual (clinical) or community (public health) levels may improve self-esteem among this high-risk population, which could potentially influence subsequent suicide risk.

A Moment to Come Together: Personal Reflections on Trayvon Martin

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-137
Author(s):  
Roxanne Christensen ◽  
LaSonia Barlow ◽  
Demetrius E. Ford
Keyword(s):  
Civil Rights ◽  
Doctoral Students ◽  
Professional Psychology ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
The Social ◽  
To Come ◽  
Professional Responses ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Personal Reflections ◽  
Unique Individual

Three personal reflections provided by doctoral students of the Michigan School of Professional Psychology (Farmington Hills, Michigan) address identification of individual perspectives on the tragic events surrounding Trayvon Martin’s death. The historical ramifications of a culture-in-context and the way civil rights, racism, and community traumatization play a role in the social construction of criminals are explored. A justice orientation is applied to both the community and the individual via internal reflection about the unique individual and collective roles social justice plays in the outcome of these events. Finally, the personal and professional responses of a practitioner who is also a mother of minority young men brings to light the need to educate against stereotypes, assist a community to heal, and simultaneously manage the direct effects of such events on youth in society. In all three essays, common themes of community and growth are addressed from varying viewpoints. As worlds collided, a historical division has given rise to a present unity geared toward breaking the cycle of violence and trauma. The authors plead that if there is no other service in the name of this tragedy, let it at least contribute to the actualization of a society toward growth and healing.

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