scholarly journals ИЗУЧЕНИЕ ВЛИЯНИЯ ВИТАМИНОВ НА МОРФОГЕНЕЗ РАСТЕНИЙ-РЕГЕНЕРАНТОВ КАРТОФЕЛЯ IN VITRO В ЦЕЛЯХ ИНТЕНСИФИКАЦИИ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА ЭЛИТНОГО ПОСАДОЧНОГО МАТЕРИАЛА

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. P. Miakisheva ◽  
O. K. Tavartkiladze ◽  
D. A. Durnikin
Keyword(s):  
Plant Cultivation ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Formation Number ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Modern Biotechnology ◽  
Maximum Parameters ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Selection Of

<p>The paper identifies the need to use the techniques of modern biotechnology in primary seed potatoes in the Russian Federation. At present time, the playback of potatoes does not meet current phytosanitary requirements, there is a low yield of potatoes in the whole country, and the region for a long period of time. Harvest potatoes annually produced in Russia is much lower than the world's, and does not meet the genetic capabilities used varieties. Modern methods of biotechnology have undeniable advantages and make it possible to carry out year-round operation for the production of elite planting material of potato. Effective implementation of such activities is provided by careful selection of plant cultivation conditions in vitro, selecting specifically for each class of nutrient media and the individual components of the environment, providing maximum parameters of plant growth and productivity in the future. During the studies the authors studied the effect of vitamin nutrient medium component of the recipe Murashige and Skoog medium, containing in its composition, thiamine, pyridoxine and niacin. These substances are involved in the co-enzymes and biochemical reactions mngih plants. The effect of vitamin complex on the performance of the above-ground parts of the plant (plant height and number of internodes), as well as indicators of root formation (number and length of roots) for plants regenerated total of four potato varieties: Adretta, Red Scarlett, Lubava and Kuznechanka. In the course of the study demonstrated a positive effect of vitamin component indicators of plant morphogenesis. For each class chosen his optimal ratio growth medium.</p><p> </p>

PROBLEM ASPECTS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURAL NORMS OF PROTECTION OF THE VICTIMS FROM CRIME

2020 ◽  
pp. 72-76
Author(s):  
Яна Валерьевна Самиулина
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Criminal Procedure ◽  
Legal Rights ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Effective Mechanism ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Selection Of

В настоящей статье предпринята попытка исследовать отдельные проблемные аспекты института потерпевшего в российском уголовном процессе. В этих целях подвергнуты анализу правовые нормы, регламентирующие его процессуальный статус. Раскрываются отдельные пробелы уголовно-процессуального законодательства в сфере защиты законных прав и интересов потерпевшего. Автор акцентирует внимание на том, что совершенствование уголовно-процессуального законодательства в части расширения правомочий потерпевшего по отстаиванию своих нарушенных преступлением прав следует продолжить. На основании проведенного исследования действующего законодательства в части регламентации прав потерпевшего от преступления предлагается расширить перечень получаемых им копий постановлений, указанных в п. 13 ч. 2 ст. 42 УПК РФ. Автор предлагает включить в перечень указанной законодательной нормы право получения потерпевшим копии постановления об избрании конкретного вида меры пресечения, избранного в отношении подозреваемого (обвиняемого). Для создания действенного механизма защиты интересов потерпевших от преступления юридических лиц предлагаем ч. 9 ст. 42 УПК РФ изложить в следующей редакции: «в случае признания потерпевшим юридического лица его процессуальное право в уголовном процессе осуществляет представляющий его профессиональный адвокат». This article attempts to investigate certain problematic aspects of the institution of the victim in the Russian criminal process. For this purpose, analyzed the individual norms governing his procedural status. Separate gaps of the criminal procedure legislation in the sphere of protection of the legal rights and interests of the victim are disclosed. The author emphasizes that the improvement of the criminal procedure legislation in terms of the extension of the victim’s authority to defend his rights violated by the crime should be continued. On the basis of the study of the current legislation regarding the regulation of the rights of the victim of a crime, it is proposed to expand the list of decisions received by him, referred to in paragraph 13, part 2 of article 42 Code of Criminal Procedure. The author proposes to include in the list of the indicated legislative norm the right to receive the victim a copy of the decision on the selection of a specific type of preventive measure, selected in relation to the suspect (accused). To create an effective mechanism for protecting the interests of legal entities victims of a crime, we offer part 9 of art. 42 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation shall be reworded as follows: «if a legal entity is recognized as a victim, his procedural right in criminal proceedings is exercised by the professional lawyer representing him».

scholarly journals Preclinical Testing of Radiopharmaceuticals for the Detection and Characterization of Osteomyelitis: Experiences from a Porcine Model

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (14) ◽  
pp. 4221
Author(s):  
Aage Kristian Olsen Alstrup ◽  
Svend Borup Jensen ◽  
Ole Lerberg Nielsen ◽  
Lars Jødal ◽  
Pia Afzelius
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Porcine Model ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Radioactive Tracers ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Selection Of

The development of new and better radioactive tracers capable of detecting and characterizing osteomyelitis is an ongoing process, mainly because available tracers lack selectivity towards osteomyelitis. An integrated part of developing new tracers is the performance of in vivo tests using appropriate animal models. The available animal models for osteomyelitis are also far from ideal. Therefore, developing improved animal osteomyelitis models is as important as developing new radioactive tracers. We recently published a review on radioactive tracers. In this review, we only present and discuss osteomyelitis models. Three ethical aspects (3R) are essential when exposing experimental animals to infections. Thus, we should perform experiments in vitro rather than in vivo (Replacement), use as few animals as possible (Reduction), and impose as little pain on the animal as possible (Refinement). The gain for humans should by far exceed the disadvantages for the individual experimental animal. To this end, the translational value of animal experiments is crucial. We therefore need a robust and well-characterized animal model to evaluate new osteomyelitis tracers to be sure that unpredicted variation in the animal model does not lead to a misinterpretation of the tracer behavior. In this review, we focus on how the development of radioactive tracers relies heavily on the selection of a reliable animal model, and we base the discussions on our own experience with a porcine model.

Estimation of fermentable energy by the automatic in vitro gas production technique for a selection of feedstuffs incubated alone and in combination

1998 ◽  
Vol 1998 ◽  
pp. 69-69
Author(s):  
S. Fakhri ◽  
A. R. Moss ◽  
D.I. Givens ◽  
E. Owen
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Production Technique ◽  
In Vitro Gas Production ◽  
Fe Content ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Gas Volume ◽  
Selection Of

The gas production (GP) technique has previously been used to estimate the gas volume (fermentable energy (FE)) of compound feed ingredients for ruminants (Newbold et al., 1996). It was shown that the FE content of feed mixtures was represented by the combination of the total gas from the incubation of the individual feeds. However this additivity might not be consistent throughout the incubation period. The objectives were to test whether 1. other GP parameters give better estimates of FE for simple mixtures and are they additive; 2. whether organic matter apparently degraded in the rumen (OMADR) explain differences in GP; and 3. to find out if there are any other better measures than OMADR for estimating FE.

scholarly journals Possibilities of microemulsion application in rectal administration of indomethacin

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-97
Author(s):  
M. Špaglová ◽  
M. Čuchorová ◽  
M. Čierna ◽  
V. Mikušová ◽  
K. Bauerová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rectal Administration ◽  
Polysorbate 80 ◽  
Dialysis Tubing ◽  
Drug Solubilization ◽  
Routes Of Administration ◽  
Suppository Base ◽  
First Pass ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Rectal administration is a suitable route of administration for drugs that are either very irritating to the intestine (e.g., indomethacin) or are more effective when the first-pass effect in the liver is circumvented. Microemulsions are a tool for the improvement of penetration of sparingly soluble drugs. They are mainly used in topical and transdermal drug delivery. However, they find application also in other routes of administration, mainly due to their ability to solubilize sparingly soluble drugs. The selection of a suppository base depends on the physical properties of the drug. The study focused on evaluating the effect of the microemulsion as the solubilizer of sparingly soluble indomethacin in hydrophilic and lipophilic suppository bases compared with Polysorbate 80 as the excipient contained in the microemulsion. The reference suppositories were prepared by the traditional moulding technique from Adeps solidus or Macrogol suppository base without the previous drug solubilization. The microemulsion-based suppositories were prepared after the initial solubilization of the drug in the microemulsion or Polysorbate 80, followed by the addition of suppository base to maintain the same drug/solubilizer ratio. The suppositories were tested for softening time, hardness, and uniformity of mass. The dissolution test was performed using the dialysis tubing method in the basket apparatus. The amount of indomethacin released into the dissolution medium was determined spectrophotometrically at 320 nm. The results indicate that solubilization of indomethacin in the microemulsion had a positive effect on in vitro drug release but not as significant as in the case of Polysorbate 80 used alone. The enhancement ratio for Polysorbate 80 in Adeps suppositories was 2.9, for the microemulsion in Adeps suppositories was 1.1, and for Polysorbate 80 in Macrogol suppositories was 7.4 after 3 hours. The test of uniformity of mass had shown that all suppositories (reference, solubilizer-containing) are within the permitted limits. The softening time was reduced by adding the solubilizer to each type of suppository base.

Autoprobiotics for personalized nutrition of school children

2020 ◽  
pp. 65-68
Author(s):  
V.I. Ganina
Keyword(s):  
General Education ◽  
The Body ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Individual Organism ◽  
Impaired Health ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Positive Effect

According to the Ministry of Health and Social Development of Russia, the health status of children and adolescents in the Russian Federation is characterized by the following indicators: more than half of school-age children have impaired health; two-thirds of children under 14 have chronic diseases; only 10-15 percent of graduates of general education institutions can be classified as healthy. In recent decades, with the development of nutrigenomics, the world community of scientists has come to understand the importance of the role of the microbiota in the human body and its relation with nutrition. Normal intestinal microbiota is involved in a variety of physiological functions of the body of school-age children: protective, digestive, detoxifying and anticarcinogenic, synthetic, genetic, immunogenic, metabolic, and others. Probiotic bacteria are one of the functional ingredients that have proven to have a positive effect on children's bodies. Methods of normoflora correction are proposed, aimed not only at restoring evolutionarily conditioned microbial populations, but also providing an effective impact on the individual organism.

scholarly journals Concentration-Dependent Selection of Small Phenotypic Differences in TEM β-Lactamase-Mediated Antibiotic Resistance

2000 ◽  
Vol 44 (9) ◽  
pp. 2485-2491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria-Cristina Negri ◽  
Marc Lipsitch ◽  
Jesús Blázquez ◽  
Bruce R. Levin ◽  
Fernando Baquero
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid Replacement ◽  
Single Amino Acid ◽  
Chromosomal Marker ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Phenotypic Differences ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACT In this paper, the first robust experimental evidence of in vitro and in vivo concentration-dependent selection of low-level antibiotic-resistant genetic variants is described. The work is based on the study of an asymmetric competition assay with pairs of isogenicEscherichia coli strains, differing only (apart from a neutral chromosomal marker) in a single amino acid replacement in a plasmid-mediated TEM-1 beta-lactamase enzyme, which results in the new TEM-12 beta-lactamase. The mixture was challenged by different antibiotic concentrations, both in vitro and in the animal model, and the selective process of the variant population was carefully monitored. A mathematical model was constructed to test the hypothesis that measured growth and killing rates of the individual TEM variants at different antibiotic concentrations could be used to predict quantitatively the strength of selection for TEM-12 observed in competition experiments at these different concentrations.

scholarly journals In Vitro Optimization of Main Elements of the Grapes Reproduction Process

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
A A Batukaev ◽  
D O Palaeva ◽  
M S Batukaev ◽  
E A Sobralieva
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Plant Reproduction ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Reproduction Process ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Reproduction Factor

New methods for adapting in-vitro grape plants to in vivo conditions were developed. The use of growth regulators (6-BAP, 2iP, kinetin) enhanced rhizogenesis and increased the in-vitro plant reproduction coefficient. Lignohumate had a positive effect on plants and increased the leaf area and plant height 30 days after adaptation (concentration of 1.0 g/l). The use of the developed elements of clonal micro-reproduction and adaptation made it possible to significantly increase the reproduction factor, improve the quality of planting material, reduce costs of plants and increase profitability.

scholarly journals Modern technologies of increasing the tolerance of in vitro cultured plants to ex vitro conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 183-189
Author(s):  
L. R. Hrytsak ◽  
N. M. Drobyk
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Adaptive Potential ◽  
In Vitro Plants ◽  
Plant Cultivation ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Chemical Conditions ◽  
Cultivation In Vitro ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Modern Technologies

Aim. To analyze the experience of Ukrainian and foreign scientists on technologies to increase the adaptive potential of cultivated in vitro plants to ex vitro conditions. Results. Modern acclimatization technologies are mainly aimed at improving the methods of adaptation of planting material of in vitro collections to ex vitro conditions. Much less attention is paid to technologies to increase plant resilience at the stage of their multiplication and growth in vitro. Integration and systematization of research results of a large number of scientists is allowed to describe the main strategies and methodological techniques, which implementation can significantly increase the adaptive potential of in vitro plants. Conclusions. Optimization of physical and chemical conditions of plant cultivation in vitro can induce changes in their phenotype, intensity of photosynthetic reactions, water balance, which increases the adaptive potential of plants and facilitates the process of their acclimatization to ex vitro conditions. Key words: in vitro plants, acclimatization to ex vitro conditions, adaptive potential, technology.

scholarly journals Morphogenesis of Miscanthus × Giganteus in vitro

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
O. Klyachenko ◽  
O. Nekrut
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Meristem Culture ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
Skoog Medium ◽  
Plant Cultivation ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Miscanthus Giganteus ◽  
Murashige And Skoog Medium

Aim. To obtain planting material of Miscanthus × giganteus in a large amount in order to study the peculiari- ties of morphogenesis of isolated meristem culture. Methods. The explants were sterilized using 70 % etha- nol and 0.1 % mercury bichloride, after that, the methods of plant cultivation and reproduction in vitro and statistical processing of the obtained data was performed. Results. The study presents the results of obtaining the regenerate plants from dormant buds of 3-year-old rhizomes of Miscanthus × giganteus. The Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) (0.75 mg/L) and kinetin (1.2 mg/L) was found to be the best for regeneration of microsprouts, providing the maximum value of the regeneration index (95 %) and contributing to the development of the main sprouts and tillering. The obtained sprouts were rooted in Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with half-dose of macro- and micronutrients without growth regulators. In doing so, rooting index made up 95.0–97.0 %. The best substrate for the adaptation of miscan- thus plants in vivo was found to be a mixture of peat, sand, and perlite in a ratio of 2 : 1 : 1, respectively. In this substrate, plant establishment reached 91 %. Conclusions. The peculiarities of morphogenesis in Miscan- thus × giganteus isolated meristem were studied. At the same time, the index of sprouts regeneration varied from 90.0 to 100.0 %. In addition, the development of the main sprout and multiple tillering occurred in 85.0– 100.0 % explant. The highest survivability of micro-plants (91–95 %) was provided in the peat-sand-perlite substrate in a ratio of 2 : 1 : 1.

scholarly journals A comparison of the job-satisfied and job-dissatisfied environmental health officer in South Africa

2000 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. D. Louw ◽  
J. C. Meyer ◽  
D. J. Van Schalkwyk
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Job Performance ◽  
Environmental Health ◽  
Achievement Motivation ◽  
Development Programme ◽  
Health Officer ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Selection Of

Environmental health is one of the key areas in the Reconstruction and Development Programme in South Africa because of its close links with the primary prevention of disease. The possibility of individual differences between job-satisfied and job-dissatisfied environmental health officers were investigated. The individual differences found between these groups can be used to select and train students for training who show a tendency towards the indicated personality traits. A relationship is indicated by researchers between job-satisfaction and job performance; it can therefore be expected that the selection of environmental health officers with the indicated tendencies in personality, values, achievement motivation, interests and biographical information will have a positive effect on productivity in environmental health. Opsomming Omgewingsgesondheid is een van die sleutelareas in die Heropbou- en Ontwikkelingsprogram in Suid-Afrika, vanwee die noue band wat dit met die primere voorkoming van siektes het. Hierdie studie ondersoek die moontlikheid van individuele verskille tussen werkstevrede en nie-werkstevrede omgewingsgesondheidsbeamptes. Die individuele verskille wat tussen die groepe gevind is, kan gebruik word vir die keuring en opieiding van studente met n neiging tot die aangeduide persoonlikheidstrekke.'n Verband word tussen werkstevredenheid en werksprestasie word deur navorsers aangedui. Daar kan dus verwag word dat die keuring van omgewingsgesondheidsbeamptes met die aangeduide geneigdhede in persoonlikheid, waardes, prestasiemotiverings, belangstellings en biografiese besonderhede, n positiewe bydrae tot produktiwiteit in Omgewingsgesondheid sal lewer.

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