scholarly journals Modern technologies of increasing the tolerance of in vitro cultured plants to ex vitro conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 183-189
Author(s):  
L. R. Hrytsak ◽  
N. M. Drobyk
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Adaptive Potential ◽  
In Vitro Plants ◽  
Plant Cultivation ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Chemical Conditions ◽  
Cultivation In Vitro ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Modern Technologies

Aim. To analyze the experience of Ukrainian and foreign scientists on technologies to increase the adaptive potential of cultivated in vitro plants to ex vitro conditions. Results. Modern acclimatization technologies are mainly aimed at improving the methods of adaptation of planting material of in vitro collections to ex vitro conditions. Much less attention is paid to technologies to increase plant resilience at the stage of their multiplication and growth in vitro. Integration and systematization of research results of a large number of scientists is allowed to describe the main strategies and methodological techniques, which implementation can significantly increase the adaptive potential of in vitro plants. Conclusions. Optimization of physical and chemical conditions of plant cultivation in vitro can induce changes in their phenotype, intensity of photosynthetic reactions, water balance, which increases the adaptive potential of plants and facilitates the process of their acclimatization to ex vitro conditions. Key words: in vitro plants, acclimatization to ex vitro conditions, adaptive potential, technology.

scholarly journals Dynamics of growth parameters of Gentiana lutea L. in vitro plants under different lighting conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 58-65
Author(s):  
L. R. Hrytsak ◽  
M. Z. Prokopiak ◽  
O. Yu. Mayorova ◽  
Kh. M. Kolisnyk ◽  
N. M. Drobyk
Keyword(s):  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Spectral Composition ◽  
Light Flux ◽  
In Vitro Plants ◽  
Gentiana Lutea ◽  
Plant Cultivation ◽  
In Situ Conditions ◽  
Flux Intensity ◽  
Cultivation In Vitro

Aim. Study of the dynamics Gentiana lutea L. plant growth processes in vitro depending on the light regime changes of their cultivation in order to develop a scheme to increase their adaptive potential. Methods. Methods of plant cultivation in vitro, biometric method, as well as ANOVA variance analysis and middle group analysis in pairs using the Tukey test (Tukey test) were used. Results. It is shown that the cultivation of G. lutea plants in vitro using 25 W/m2 light flux intensity in the region of photosynthetically active radiation and the ratio of blue (Eb): green (Eg): red (Er) ranges = 41.8%: 42.7 %: 15.5% triggers non-specific photomorphogenesis reactions for intact plants, which lead to poor root system development, stem elongation, formation of small leaves with a thin leaf blade, overall low productivity and low adaptation potential of G. lutea plants to ex vitro and in situ conditions. Increasing the light flux intensity to 44 W/m2 and increasing the red wave proportion up to 20.3% allows not only to improve the bioproductivity of G. lutea plants which are cultivated in vitro, but also to increase the coefficient of microclonal reproduction without the additional use of exogenous growth regulators. The greatest growth of the aboveground and underground parts, increase in effective leaf surface are observed in vitro plants during cultivation at 135 W/m2 light flux intensity and spectral composition Eb: Eg: Er = 29.5%: 32.5%: 38.0%. Conclusions. It is possible to improve plant bioproductivity by changing the light conditions of plant cultivation in vitro, and, accordingly, to increase the adaptive potential to ex vitro and in situ conditions. Keywords: Gentiana lutea L., in vitro plants, light flux intensity, spectral composition, growth parameters.

scholarly journals Biofertlizer Lumbrical improves the growth and ex vitro acclimatization of micropropagated pear plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-30
Author(s):  
Nataliya Dimitrova ◽  
Lilyana Nacheva ◽  
Małgorzata Berova ◽  
Danuta Kulpa
Keyword(s):  
Woody Species ◽  
Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Photon Flux Density ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Fluorescent Lamps ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Number Of Leaves

In vitro micropropagation of plants is highly useful for obtaining large quantities of planting material with valuable economic qualities. However, plantlets grow in vitro in a specific environment and the adaptation after the transfer to ex vitro conditions is difficult. Therefore, the acclimatization is a key step, which mostly determines the success of micropropagation. The aim of this investigation was to study the effect of the biofertlizer Lumbrical on ex vitro acclimatization of micropropagated pear rootstock OHF 333 (Pyrus communis L.). Micropropagated and rooted plantlets were potted in peat and perlite (2:1) mixture with or without Lumbrical. They were grown in a growth chamber at a temperature of 22±2 °C and photoperiod of 16/8 hours supplied by cool-white fluorescent lamps (150 µmol m-2 s-1 Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density, PPFD). The plants were covered with transparent foil to maintain the high humidity, and ten days later, the humidity was gradually decreased. Biometric parameters, anatomic-morphological analyses, net photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll a fluorescence (JIP test) were measured 21 days after transplanting the plants to ex vitro conditions. The obtained results showed that the plants, acclimatized ex vitro in the substrate with Lumbrical, presented better growth (stem length, number of leaves, leaf area and fresh mass) and photosynthetic characteristics as compared to the control plants. This biostimulator could also be used to improve acclimatization in other woody species

scholarly journals In vitro multiplication protocol for Curcuma mangga : Studies on carbon, cytokinin source and explant size

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-76
Author(s):  
A A Waman ◽  
P Bohra ◽  
R Karthika Devi ◽  
J Pixy
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Ex Vitro Rooting ◽  
Tropical Species ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
In Vitro Multiplication ◽  
Planting Material

Mango ginger (Curcuma mangga Valeton & Zijp.) is an underutilized rhizomatous species that has been valued in tropical Asian countries as a source of vegetable, spice, salad, medicine, and essential oil. This species is hardy and requires less care for obtaining good yields. Rhizomes are the commonly used propagules for the species, which are also the economic part of the crop. Huge quantity of seed rhizomes is required to promote this crop in larger areas. An efficient in vitro multiplication protocol is one of the options to meet the planting material requirement. Effects of carbon source (glucose, fructose and sucrose) and concentration (1 and 3%, w/v), cytokinins (BAP and meta topolin) and concentration (1 mg/L and 2 mg/L), size of explants (one/ two/ three bud) and IBA treatment (0, 250, 500 and 1,000 mg/L) for concurrent ex vitro rooting cum hardening were studied. Results revealed that for facilitating efficient multiplication, the medium should be supplemented with glucose (3%) as a carbon source and meta topolin (1 mg/L) as cytokinin. Two-bud explant should be used for subculture as it promoted superior shoot proliferation. Concurrent ex vitro rooting cum hardening was possible even without auxin treatment. The present protocol could be useful for large-scale production of quality planting material of this underexploited tropical species.

scholarly journals Acclimatization of Eurycoma longifolia (Tongkat Ali) Plantlets to Ex Vitro Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-131
Author(s):  
Muhammad Fuad Yahya ◽  
Nor Hasnida Hassan ◽  
Nazirah Abdullah ◽  
Siti Suhaila Abd. Rahman ◽  
Haliza Ismail ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Soil Mixture ◽  
Eurycoma Longifolia ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Top Soil ◽  
Herbal Plants ◽  
Potting Media ◽  
Propagation Technique

Eurycoma longifolia is one of the famous herbal plants with great medicinal benefits. The plant which also known as Tongkat Ali is well-known for treating erectile dysfunction and as energy booster. Tongkat Ali plantlets were produced using in vitro propagation technique to cater the demand for planting material. The development of successful acclimatization technique is prerequisite for in vitro propagation method. Acclimatization is a step to prepare the plantlets to survive and grow in different environment compare to laboratory. In this study, an attempt was made to identify the best potting media to acclimatize Tongkat Ali using glass chamber. Rooted plantlets about 2-4 cm height were used and subsequently transferred to different potting media for acclimatization i.e jiffy 7, sand, baked soil, mixture of cocoa peat and sand, sand and top soil and lastly cocoa peat and baked soil. Plantlets grown in jiffy 7 showed 100% survival followed by the mixture of cocoa peat and baked soil with 94.45% of survival. The acclimatized plantlets were transplanted into polybag and maintained in the shadehouse condition.

scholarly journals Growth promotion of pineapple 'vitória' by humic acids and burkholderia spp. during acclimatization

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 1593-1600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lílian Estrela Borges Baldotto ◽  
Marihus Altoé Baldotto ◽  
Luciano Pasqualoto Canellas ◽  
Ricardo Bressan-Smith ◽  
Fábio Lopes Olivares
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acids ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
The Stability

In vitro propagation of pineapple produces uniform and disease-free plantlets, but requires a long period of acclimatization before transplanting to the field. Quicker adaptation to the ex vitro environment and growth acceleration of pineapple plantlets are prerequisites for the production of a greater amount of vigorous, well-rooted planting material. The combination of humic acids and endophytic bacteria could be a useful technological approach to reduce the critical period of acclimatization. The aim of this study was to evaluate the initial performance of tissue-cultured pineapple variety Vitória in response to application of humic acids isolated from vermicompost and plant growth-promoting bacteria (Burkholderia spp.) during greenhouse acclimatization. The basal leaf axils were treated with humic acids while roots were immersed in bacterial medium. Humic acids and bacteria application improved shoot growth (14 and 102 %, respectively), compared with the control; the effect of the combined treatment was most pronounced (147 %). Likewise, humic acids increased root growth by 50 %, bacteria by 81 % and the combined treatment by 105 %. Inoculation was found to significantly increase the accumulation of N (115 %), P (112 %) and K (69 %) in pineapple leaves. Pineapple growth was influenced by inoculation with Burkholderia spp., and further improved in combination with humic acids, resulting in higher shoot and root biomass as well as nutrient contents (N 132 %, P 131 %, K 80 %) than in uninoculated plantlets. The stability and increased consistency of the host plant response to bacterization in the presence of humic substances indicate a promising biotechnological tool to improve growth and adaptation of pineapple plantlets to the ex vitro environment.

scholarly journals Effect of Beta-Lactam Antibiotics on Microspore Embryogenesis in Brassica Species

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 489
Author(s):  
Anna Mineykina ◽  
Daria Shumilina ◽  
Ludmila Bondareva ◽  
Alexey Soldatenko ◽  
Elena Domblides
Keyword(s):  
Microspore Embryogenesis ◽  
Brassica Species ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Beta Lactam Antibiotics ◽  
Plant Cultivation ◽  
Embryo Yield ◽  
Cultivation In Vitro

Antibiotics are widely applied for plant cultivation in vitro to eliminate bacterial contamination. However, they can have both positive and negative effects on the cells of cultivated plants, and these effects largely depend on the type antibiotic used and its concentration. The objective of the present study was to estimate the effect of β-lactam antibiotics ampicillin (Amp) and cefotaxime (Cef) on microspore embryogenesis induction in vitro in the Brassica species. The performed experiments confirmed cefotaxime inhibits microspores in B. napus and B. oleracea, even in concentrations as low as 50 mg/L. The highest embryo yield was obtained for B. napus in the NLN-13 medium with added ampicillin in concentrations of 50–100 mg/L as an antimicrobial agent. This embryo yield was significantly higher than that obtained in a medium without supplemented antibiotics and two times higher than in the medium with added cefotaxime. Analogous results were obtained for B. oleracea and B. rapa.

scholarly journals ИЗУЧЕНИЕ ВЛИЯНИЯ ВИТАМИНОВ НА МОРФОГЕНЕЗ РАСТЕНИЙ-РЕГЕНЕРАНТОВ КАРТОФЕЛЯ IN VITRO В ЦЕЛЯХ ИНТЕНСИФИКАЦИИ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА ЭЛИТНОГО ПОСАДОЧНОГО МАТЕРИАЛА

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. P. Miakisheva ◽  
O. K. Tavartkiladze ◽  
D. A. Durnikin
Keyword(s):  
Plant Cultivation ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Formation Number ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Modern Biotechnology ◽  
Maximum Parameters ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Selection Of

<p>The paper identifies the need to use the techniques of modern biotechnology in primary seed potatoes in the Russian Federation. At present time, the playback of potatoes does not meet current phytosanitary requirements, there is a low yield of potatoes in the whole country, and the region for a long period of time. Harvest potatoes annually produced in Russia is much lower than the world's, and does not meet the genetic capabilities used varieties. Modern methods of biotechnology have undeniable advantages and make it possible to carry out year-round operation for the production of elite planting material of potato. Effective implementation of such activities is provided by careful selection of plant cultivation conditions in vitro, selecting specifically for each class of nutrient media and the individual components of the environment, providing maximum parameters of plant growth and productivity in the future. During the studies the authors studied the effect of vitamin nutrient medium component of the recipe Murashige and Skoog medium, containing in its composition, thiamine, pyridoxine and niacin. These substances are involved in the co-enzymes and biochemical reactions mngih plants. The effect of vitamin complex on the performance of the above-ground parts of the plant (plant height and number of internodes), as well as indicators of root formation (number and length of roots) for plants regenerated total of four potato varieties: Adretta, Red Scarlett, Lubava and Kuznechanka. In the course of the study demonstrated a positive effect of vitamin component indicators of plant morphogenesis. For each class chosen his optimal ratio growth medium.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals In Vitro Degradation of Polydimethylsiloxanes in Breast Implant Applications

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. e369-e375
Author(s):  
Nilza G. Ramião ◽  
Pedro S. Martins ◽  
Maria L. Barroso ◽  
Diana C. Santos ◽  
Antonio A. Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Breast Implant ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Change Analysis ◽  
In Vitro Degradation ◽  
Biological Aspects ◽  
Chemical Conditions ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Over Time

Background The durability of breast implant material is associated with failure probability, increasing with time from implantation. The current study avoided the bias introduced by biological factors, to systematically investigate the degradation over time of shell materials. The same fundamental physical and chemical conditions were maintained (temperature and pH) throughout the study, to decouple biological aspects from the degradation process. Methods Six virgin implants of 2 brands were submitted to the in vitro degradation process, mechanical testing of shell materials, surface change analysis (via scanning electron microscopy [SEM]) and chemical composition analysis by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Results FTIR results showed that the principal chemical bonds of the material remained intact after 12 weeks of degradation. Apparently the implants’ shell structures remained unchanged. Despite this observation, there were statistically significant differences between strain at failure at different time points for the shells of both brands, translated into a stiffening of the material over time. Conclusions Material stiffening is reported as an indicator of material degradation. This altered mechanical behavior, added to the mechanical friction from tissue–tissue and tissue–implant contact and to the external mechanical loading (physical activity), may alter the material performance in women's bodies. Ultimately these changes may affect the implants’ durability. Further work is needed to understand the biological aspects of the degradation process and their impact on implant durability.

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