scholarly journals Spore morphology of the representatives of the subfamily Ceratopteridoideae (J. Sm.) R.M. Tryon from the family Pteridaceae E.D.M. Kirchn. (Pteridophyta)

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-129
Author(s):  
A. V. Vaganov ◽  
I. I. Gureyeva ◽  
A. A. Kuznetsov ◽  
A. I. Shmakov ◽  
R. S. Romanets ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
External Morphology ◽  
Spore Morphology ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Equatorial Diameter ◽  
The Family ◽  
Distal Surface ◽  
Surface Ornamentation ◽  
Ceratopteris Thalictroides ◽  
Cylindrical Folds ◽  
Scanning Electron

<p>Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to perform a comparative study for four representatives of the subfamily <em>Ceratopteridoideae</em> (J. Sm.) R.M. Tryon from East Asia: <em>Ceratopteris thalictroides</em> Brongn., <em>C. pteridoides</em> (Hook.) Hieron., <em>Acrostichum aureum</em> Linn., and <em>A.</em> <em>speciosum </em>Willd. The analysis of the external morphology of the representatives of <em>Ceratopteridoideae</em> revealed a strong difference between <em>Ceratopteris</em> and <em>Acrostichum</em>.</p><p>The external morphology of spores of <em>Ceratopteris</em> and <em>Acrostichum</em> exhibited the features characterizing the family Pteridaceae as a whole: tetrahedral spores with a three-ray laesure, from triangular-roundish to roundish, distinct exosporium with a pronounced surface ornamentation and absence of perisporium, the exosporium surface varying from smooth and rough to that covered with large tubercles and roller-like bulges.</p><p>The external morphology of spores of <em>Acrostichum</em> is quite simple, although among other representatives of the family Pteridaceae,<em> </em>the<em> </em>spores of <em>Ceratopteris</em> have distinctive features: very large equatorial diameter (106–124 µm); spores are almost roundish; distinct cylindrical folds running parallel to the corners of the spore across its extensive distal surface.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals INVENTARISASI DAN KAJIAN PALINOLOGI JENIS-JENIS TUMBUHAN PAKU (PTERODOFITA) EPIFIT DI KAWASAN UNIVERSITAS RIAU, PROVINSI RIAU

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 214
Author(s):  
Nery Sofiyanti ◽  
Putri Handayani Harahap
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Spore Morphology ◽  
Spore Type ◽  
Mature Leaves ◽  
Digital Microscope ◽  
Fern Species ◽  
Surface Ornamentation ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstrak : Tumbuhan paku  (Pteridofita) epifit banyak di jumpai di kawasan Universitas Riau. Karakteristik spora pada tumbuhn apaku memegang peranan penting dalam kajian taksonomi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis-jenis pteridofita epifit di kawasan ini dan  mengkarakterisasi sporanya. Metode pengambilan sampel dilakukan menggunakan metode eksplorasi. Setiap jenis yang dijumpai didokumentasikan, dibuat herbarium, dideskripsi dan diidentifikasi. Spora dikoleksi dari daun yang sudah dewasa dan dibuat preparat menggunakan metode asetolisis. Preparat spora diamati dan didokumentasikan menggunakan mikroskop digital. Data yang diperoleh kemudian disajikan dalam bentuk gambar dan tabel serta dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil inventarisasi paku epifit di kawasan Universitas Riau mengidentifikasi 18 jenis paku epifit, yang tergolong ke dalam 6 famili yaitu Aspleniaceae, Davalliaceae, Nephrolepidaceae, Polypodiaceae Pteridaceae and Thelypteridaceae. Namun kajian palinologi hanya dilakukan pada 11 jenis yang sudah menghasilkan spora. Hasil pengamatan spora menunjukan bahwa semua jenis paku epifit mempunyai tipe dasar spora monolete, berbentuk ginjal dan hanya mempunyai satu laesura pada bagian ventral. Ukuran spora yang dijumpai adalah besar dan sangat besar, dengan ornamentasi permukaan Lohpat, verukat berpapila verukat, tuberkulat, ekinat pendek dan ekinat panjang. Morfologi spora yang ditemukan pada penelitian ini menunjukan karakteristik yang berbeda pada setiap jenis. Namun masih perlu dilanjutkan pengamatan menggunakan Scanning Electron Microscopy untuk mendapatkan oramentasi lebih detilKata kunci : paku epifit, palinologi, spora, monolete, UNRI Abstract : Ephypitic ferns are commonly found in University of Riau area. Spore characteristics play important role in taxonomical words. This study aimed to identify ephypitic pteridophyte species from this area and characterize their spore. Samples were collected using exploration method, and were then documented, prepared for herbarium, described and identified. Spore grains were collected from mature leaves and prepared by using acetolysis method. The spores were then observed and documented using digital microscope. Data were presented in figures and tables and describtively analized. The inventory of ephypitic ferns from University of Riau area identified a total of 18 fern species belong to 6 families, i.e. Aspleniaceae, Davalliaceae, Nephrolepidaceae, Polypodiaceae, Pteridaceae and Thelypteridaceae. Palinologycal study had been carried out from 11 species that produced spore. We observed the basic spore type of examined ephypitic ferns, monolete, with reniform shape and one laesura at the ventral part. The size of spore observed were big and very big spore, with surface ornamentation Lohpate, papillous verucate,  verucate,  tuberculate,, short echinate and long echinate. Spore morphology observed in this study showed the characteristic among the examined species. The further study using Scanning Electron Microscopy is neccesary to obtain detail spore ornamentation.Keywords: ephypitic fern, palynology, spore, monolete, UNRI

scholarly journals SPORE MORPHOLOGY OF SOME BRYOPHYTA IN EGYPT

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (no 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gamal M. A. Lashin ◽  
Usama Y. Abo-Salama ◽  
Ekram M. Abd El Haliem ◽  
Gehad A. A. Hamouda ◽  
Gehad A. A. Hamouda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Polar Axis ◽  
Spore Morphology ◽  
Funaria Hygrometrica ◽  
Spore Ornamentation ◽  
Equatorial Diameter ◽  
Spore Ultrastructure ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this work, spore morphology of eight species, Tortula muralis, Tortula brevissima, Aloina brevirostris, Syntrichia leavipila, Microbryum clavallianum (Pottiaceae); Funaria hygrometrica, Entosthodon muhlenbergii, Entosthodon attenuates (Funariaceae); were examined by Light microscopy (LM) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). All spores are small; the length of polar axis is between 7.5 ?m and 18.5 ?m, equatorial diameter is between 10.5 ?m and 27 ?m. The smallest spores of them are Tortula brevissima and the biggest spores of them are Entosthodon attenuates. The shapes of the spores are determined as suboblate for Tortula muralis, Aloina brevirostris, Syntrichia leavipila, and oblate for Tortula brevissima, Funaria muhlenbergii, Funaria hygrometrica, Entosthodon attenuates. The ornamentation observed can be regulate, verrucate- regulate, baculate, verrucate, clavate- foveolate, clavate, foveolate- psilate on the distal pole, spore ornamentation of the proximal face is different or less complex than the distal face. We can concluded that the spore ultrastructure give important role for identification and taxonomic significant.

scholarly journals Spore morphology of Selected Pteridophytes Found in the Western Ghats of India

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-106
Author(s):  
Shaiesh Morajka ◽  
Sudha Sajeev ◽  
Smitha Hegde
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Spore Morphology ◽  
Western Ghats Of India ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Fern Species ◽  
Surface Ornamentation ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
The Western Ghats ◽  
Scanning Electron

The currents study evaluated the morphology (apperture, size, perine structures and surface ornamentation) of treated spores of 45 selected fern species from the Western Ghats of India, using Scanning Electron Microspcopy (SEM). Twenty-six species of fern spores were trilete type, while 19 of them had monolete aperture types. The size of the spore were found to be highly variable (20X20µm to 60X60µm) with an average mean spore size of 44 µmX38µm. Further more the spores were found to have a highly diverse perine ornementaion with 11 different types of perine structures. Gammate and psilatetype of perine ornamentation,and Globose and ellipsoidal spore shape were found to be the most common within the studies fern spore samples.The variability found in the spore ultra structure and perispore ornamentation of the selected pteridophytes species reflects the morphological differences observed in the sporophyte. The spores could be an important source of characteristics with systematic value in fern taxonomy.The spore morphology of the examined pteridophytes studied common, endemicor otherwise will find a significant role in future taxonomic surveys, and other morphology, Palynology, discrimination, and identification studies of pteridophytesin the Western Ghats.

scholarly journals Spore morphology of Taenitis, Syngramma, and Austrogramme species (Pteridoideae, Pteridaceae) from South-Eastern Asia and Oceania. II

Turczaninowia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 36-51
Author(s):  
Alexey V. Vaganov ◽  
Irina I. Gureyeva ◽  
Alexander I. Shmakov ◽  
Alexander A. Kuznetsov ◽  
Roman S. Romanets
Keyword(s):  
Microscopy Study ◽  
Electron Microscopy Study ◽  
Spore Morphology ◽  
Eastern Asia ◽  
Plane Convex ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Equatorial Diameter ◽  
Distal Side ◽  
Scanning Electron

This paper continues consideration of the spores of three paleotropical fern genera – Taenitis, Syngramma, and Austrogramme (Pteridoideae, Pteridaceae) from South-Eastern Asia and Oceania. At the second stage, we carried out a comparative scanning electron microscopy study of spores of three species of Austrogramme, four species of Syngramma, and six species of Taenitis and added information about previously studied spores of seven species of these genera. Spores of all examined species are trilete, tetrahedral or tetrahedral-globose with convex to hemispherical distal side and plane, convex or conical proximal side. The spores of Austrogramme species are the smallest, simplest in ornamentation and similar to each other. Sculpture of the proximal and distal sides are microverrucate, the surface of the spores is covered by granular deposits. Spores of most Syngrammaspecies are very similar to spores of Austrogramme species in shape and surface sculpture: their distal and proximal surfaces are microverrucate, whereas the spores of S. borneensis and S. cartilagidens have the low-tuberculate sculpture. Spores of Taenitis species are very different from the spores of Austrogramme and Syngramma. Seven of nine studied species have spores with well-expressed cingulum (T. blechnoides, T. cordata, T. diversifolia, T. interrupta, T. luzonica, T. obtusa, and T. requiniana), three species (T. cordata, T. hookeri, and T. pinnata) have spores with prominent laesural ridges. The spores have well-expressed ornamentation – tuberculate, baculate, rugate, tuberculate-rugate. The most conspicuous character of the ornamentation of spore surfaces is the presence of rodlets associated with sculpture elements. The densest rodlets are characteristic of Taenitis diversifolia, T. luzonica, T. obtusa, and T. requiniana. Spore size (equatorial diameter) ranges on average between 22 μm and 37 μm in Austrogramme, between 27 μm and 41 μm in Syngramma, and between 26 and 51 μm in Taenitis species.

External morphology of the developing hemipenes of the dwarf chameleon, Bradypodion pumilum (Reptilia: Chamaeleonidae)

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 884-890 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert I. Rosenberg ◽  
Aaron M. Bauer ◽  
Anthony P. Russell
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Close Association ◽  
External Morphology ◽  
Squamate Reptiles ◽  
The Family ◽  
Scanning Electron

The external morphology of the hemipenes of squamate reptiles is often complex and has been widely employed in systematic studies. Little is known, however, of the development of these patterns and thus of the potential polarity of the character states used in systematic studies. Analysis of three developmental stages of the hemipenes of the chameleon Bradypodion pumilum using scanning electron microscopy reveals that the complexity of pattern emerges gradually. Initially the hemipenial anlagen appear as simple, external lobes that develop in close association with the cloaca. By stage 38 a shallow sulcus spermaticus is evident and calices have begun to appear. By stage 41 embryos possess a deep, protected sulcus and two pairs of distal lobes. These lobes will eventually differentiate into semicircular disks (rotulae) with serrated margins that are characteristic of many members of the family. The complex external morphology of the hemipenes that is of significance in systematic studies and of assumed importance in copulatory mechanics may not be expressed until sexual maturity is reached.

Spore morphology of some Orthotrichaceae Arn. species (Bryophyta) from Turkey

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 499-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filiz Savaroglu
Keyword(s):  
Spore Morphology ◽  
Habitat Types ◽  
Moss Species ◽  
Spore Size ◽  
Taxonomic Relationships ◽  
The Family ◽  
Ecological Implications ◽  
Spore Walls ◽  
Surface Ornamentation

The spores of Orthotrichum lyellii Hook & Taylor, O. speciosum Nees, O. affine Schrad. ex Brid., O. rupestre Schleich. ex Schwagr., O. anomalum Hedw. and O. cupulatum Hoffm. ex Brid. showed the apertural region consists of a leptoma in their spores. Two spore types are characterized by their surface ornamentation, reflecting the species’ taxonomic relationships. The spore shape of all the species is spheroid. The spore size ranged from 7 to 23 μm in the genus Orthotrichum. While the surface ornamentation is verrucate in O. speciosum and O. affine, it is gemmate in O. lyellii, O. rupestre, O. anomalum and O. cupulatum. The spore walls of the family Orthotrichaceae include sclerine (the distinction between exine and perine might be difficult to define) and intine. The examined moss species belong to two habitat types: corticolous and saxicolous. The taxonomic and ecological implications of the genus Orthotrichum were discussed on the basis of its spore morphology.

External Morphology, Oral Structure and Feeding Behaviour of Kaloula pulchra TADPOLES Gray, 1831 (Amphibia: Anura: Microhylidae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-103
Author(s):  
H.T. Lalremsanga ◽  
◽  
Saipari Sailo ◽  
R.N.K. Hooroo ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Behaviour ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Developmental Rate ◽  
External Morphology ◽  
Scanning Electron Micrographs ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Common ◽  
Scanning Electron

The external morphology and oral structure of various developmental stages in relation to feeding behaviour of Kaloula pulchra Gray, 1831 (Amphibia: Microhylidae) were studied with the help of light microscopyand scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Light and scanning electron micrographs revealed that the oral apparatus at different larval stages are devoid of jaw sheath, labial teeth and keratodonts, instead they have a terminally-oriented, as opposed to an antero-ventrally oriented mouth (umbelliform) known as semicircular labial flap. These features illustrate that the tadpoles within the family Microhylidae could be attributed to assistance in clarifying a certain taxonomic treatment in this family. Observation on the present results showed that tadpoles of Kaloula pulchra are nektonic suspension feeders and started feeding from stage 25 onwards. During the early stages of feeding, they feed mostly on detritus and plant materials and during the later stages of feeding they consumed both phytoplankton and zooplankton. At stage 42, the tadpole stopped feeding and the mouth part is degenerated and gradually transformed in to adult mouth. The preference of Bacillariophyceae and Cyanophyceae in the food habits of this explosive breeding species may be due to the common available food items in their microhabitat that enhanced the faster developmental rate within a short duration.

scholarly journals IV. On Tmesipteris Vieillardi, Dangeard, an erect terrestrial species from new caledonia

1925 ◽  
Vol 213 (402-410) ◽  
pp. 143-170 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
New Caledonia ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Rare Plants ◽  
The Other ◽  
External Morphology ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Individual

Tmesipteris Vieillardi , Dangeard, is one of those rare plants from the Pacific region, of which our knowledge has remained comparatively incomplete, owing chiefly to the difficulty of obtaining adequate material. As is well known, the genus Tmesipteris occurs under several forms, which Dangeard described as so many distinct species, but which are generally grouped under the name Tm. tannensis , Bernh. The usual habit of plants belonging to this genus is that of semi-erect or pendulous epiphytes, although specimens are frequently seen growing on the ground. But it is not commonly known that one of the forms is normally erect and terrestrial, only rarely growing as an epiphyte. In its external morphology and anatomy also Tm. Vieillardi shows some noteworthy points of difference from the remaining forms ( see Plate 5, figs. 1, 5, 8 and 10), and it is not unlikely that it represents the parent type from which the other forms may have arisen. The chief object of the present paper is to describe these distinctive features of Tm. Vieillardi and to discuss their bearing upon the affinities of this plant, both within the family Psilotacese and with other Pteridophytes. Advantage has been taken of this opportunity to publish photographs of the different “forms” of the genus, so as clearly to illustrate, for what they are worth, the individual differences in habit and external morphology.

The External Morphology of the Eggs of Culex (Culex) saltanensis (Diptera: Culicidae) Under Scanning Electron Microscopy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
J R Santos-Mallet ◽  
T D Balthazar ◽  
A A Oliveira ◽  
W A Marques ◽  
A Q Bastos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Optical Microscopy ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Neotropical Region ◽  
External Morphology ◽  
Metal Supports ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract The aim of the present study was to describe the morphology of the eggs of Culex (Culex) saltanensis Dyar that occurs in the Neotropical region. Eggs of the Cx. (Cux.) saltanensis were collected at the Mata Atlântica FIOCRUZ campus, fixed in 1% osmium tetroxide, prepared for mounting on metal supports, observed under a scanning electron microscope, and described morphologically. The eggs had a coniform shape with a length of approximately 0.5 mm (505–510 µm) and a width in the median portion of 117 µm (113–123 µm). Upper portion is lined with tubers of irregular shape and varying sizes (0.64–1.31 µm), located on a cross-linked matrix forming bands observed under optical microscopy. The micropyle is encased in a necklace of approximately 6.6-µm plates arranged in a flower-like shape. Comparing Cx. (Cux.) saltanensis eggs with several species of different genera, important divergent characteristics can be observed. However, this study points to the need for new descriptions of eggs of species belonging to the same subgenus in order to analyze if there will be differences between them. Culex (Cux.) saltanensis eggs have particular characteristics not observed in eggs of other Culicidae genera.

Discoasters of the Blue Clay (Middle Miocene) of Malta and Gozo

1978 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minoo Hojjatzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Middle Miocene ◽  
The Family ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopes ◽  
Scanning Electron

SummaryTwenty-three species of the Family Discoasteraceae Vekshina, 1959 recovered from 18 samples of the Blue Clay at Fort Chambray, Gozo, and 31 samples from Fomm-Ir-Rih Bay, Malta, have been studied under light and scanning electron microscopes. Fourteen Middle Miocene species are reviewed, their stratigraphical ranges and importance as marker species discussed. Nine species are described as new. On the basis of the discoaster species present, a Middle Miocene age (NN.6 Discoaster exilis Zone – NN.7 Discoaster kugleri Zone) for the Blue Clay in Malta and Gozo is suggested.

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