scholarly journals Tourism aspects in the context of the rural area development

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (86) ◽  
pp. 115-120
Author(s):  
H. Horyn
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Western Region ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Tourism Resources ◽  
The Western Region ◽  
Natural Resource Base

Rural development is one of the priority directions of the economic policy of the countries of the European Union. Therefore, Ukraine, on the basis of these considerations, should develop a strategy for rural development in all its aspects, for tourism, in particular. The real state of tourist activity and its forms of rest in the territorial section of the Western region, which influence the development of rural areas are determined. According to the figure of the number of tourists served by the subjects of tourist activity «leaders» among the regions of the Western region in 2000–2016 were: Ivano-Frankivsk and Lviv regions. The position «middle» took Zakarpattia, Chernivtsi, Volyn, Rivne regions and «outsider» – Ternopil’ region. A specific share of tourists is calculated on the level of regions of the region in terms of the structure of tourist flows. Tracking dynamics of outgoing and foreign tourists is done. The motivation of tourist trips of foreign citizens to Ukraine is outlined. Subjects of tourist enterprises of the Western region provided services to foreign tourists from 34 countries of the world, among them tourists from Moldova, Belarus, Russia, Hungary, Poland, Germany, Romania, Slovakia, Israel, Germany, Tajikistan, the USA, Uzbekistan, Azerbaijan, Italy, Great Britain, France, Lithuania, Czech Republic and Georgia. It is substantiated that the favorite places of domestic tourists are rural homesteads. The article analyzes the dynamics of the number of farmsteads in 2014–2016. It is analyzed that in the Western region the total number of lodges located in estates increased compared to 2015. The article describes the current state and natural resource base of recreational and tourist potential in the territorial section of the Western region. The tracking of the dynamics of the main indices of the estates and the received income from their services are calculated. The proposal on the maximum development of tourism resources within the rural areas of the region is formulated. The trend of growth of tourist fees to local budgets of the regions of the Western region has been monitored. In the regions of the Western region in 2016, the income was received by Ivano-Frankivsk, Lviv, Chernivtsi, Volyn, Ternopil and Zakarpattia regions.

Reflections of the Funds Distributed Under the Instrument for Pre-Accession Assistance for Rural Development (IPARD) Program on Çanakkale

2022 ◽  
pp. 249-265
Author(s):  
İbrahim Tanju Akyol
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Financial Assistance ◽  
Candidate Country ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Eu

The European Union (EU) provides financial assistance to the countries that are the current candidates and the potential candidates for the development of rural areas. These countries are supported by rural development (RD), one of the five components of the instrument for pre-accession assistance (IPA). Turkey is also a candidate country to benefit from the financial assistance provided by the EU. This research aims to reveal the situation of the projects carried out with IPARD in Çanakkale province within the country. As a matter of fact, Çanakkale takes place at the lower ranks in terms of the number of projects and the number of grants. Despite its potential, the reasons for not achieving the desired results in this province are the lack of qualified consultants, insufficient access to beneficiaries, and problems in licensing of lands. This research, thus, has also put forward various solution suggestions in order to minimize these problems.

scholarly journals Do Farmers’ Asset Values Correlate with Land Quality?

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 268
Author(s):  
Ben G.J.S. Sonneveld ◽  
Sally Bunning ◽  
Riccardo Biancalani ◽  
D. Ndiaye ◽  
Freddy Nachtergaele
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resource ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Sustainable Livelihood ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
Resource Quality ◽  
Land Quality ◽  
Asset Value ◽  
Asset Values ◽  
Natural Resource Base

<p>This paper investigates if farmers’ asset values have a predictive power to asses land quality. A rich sustainable livelihood literature describes small farmers’ biophysical and socio-economic environment through asset values, which closely adheres to the required information for an integrated quality appraisal of the natural resource base. For our analysis we use an in-depth survey held among 50 famers’ households in three rural areas of Senegal. Farmers gave scores for their livelihood assets (human, physical, natural, financial and social) and judgments on the state and trend of the quality of their natural resource base (crop land, rangeland, forest and water resources). As our observational data are dominated by unobserved heterogeneity, we refrain from causal statistical analysis and seek associative patterns between asset values and state and trend of natural resource quality using data visualization techniques and descriptive statistics. We compare categorical data on state and trend of land qualities with asset value classes in a frequency distributions evaluation (Chi-square) and with continuous asset value scores in an analysis of variance (ANOVA). For state of forest we found consistent but counterintuitive differences for various asset values with higher asset values for ‘degraded’ classes and lower values for ‘good’ quality of the forests. There is some evidence that trend of forest quality can be derived from asset value scores which were in agreement with our premise of lower scores for low quality and higher scores for better quality. Yet, overall we have to conclude that asset values do not correlate straightforward and unequivocally with state and trend of natural resource quality. </p>

scholarly journals Rural Business Hub: Framework for a New Rural Development Approach in Rain-Fed Areas of Pakistan—A Case of Punjab Province

SAGE Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 215824401988513
Author(s):  
Irfan Ahmad Baig ◽  
Rai Niaz Ahmad ◽  
Sajjad Ahmad Baig ◽  
Asghar Ali
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
Rural Finance ◽  
Sustainable Rural Development ◽  
Network Connection ◽  
Punjab Province ◽  
Skilled Manpower ◽  
Analysis Of Failures ◽  
Development Approach

The purpose of this article is to present a framework that could be used to achieve the objective of sustainable rural development in a community which is characterized by high numbers of smallholders, landless peasants, and unskilled or semi-skilled labor ultimately leading to low productivity and high rates of poverty. The study presents a design inspired by “Saemaul Undong” (New Village Movement) of South Korea. The proposed model is based on proposing a four-tier approach for the working of the village-level cooperatives which will be self-reliant through a network connection to the national and international markets. Existing studies and surveys in Punjab province of Pakistan have established that rural areas are often lacking essential facilities that affect the abilities of these areas to retain skilled manpower thus leading to resource drain and negatively impacting the agricultural productivity. The proposed Village-City Model, “VCM,” was designed to strengthen the local infrastructure and built interest-based cooperatives to develop an environment which can sustain the benefits of higher productivity and translate these into better livelihoods. It is proposed that farmer-centered cooperatives with appropriate institutional arrangements could result in developing village-based cities where skilled manpower can exert to in better resource use efficiency, access to market coupled with rural finance schemes to enhance resource base and access to technology. The cooperatives experience is considered as a bitter experience in Pakistan. However, the analysis of failures of cooperatives in Pakistan revealed many bottlenecks which have been addressed through indigenization of Saemaul Undong.

A NUTS 2 Level Cluster Analysis of EAFRD Submeasure 4.1 Implementation in Romania and Poland

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-58
Author(s):  
Alexandru Sin ◽  
Czesław Nowak ◽  
Ion Burlacu
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Territorial Development ◽  
Rural Economies ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Level Cluster

Rural development is an important part of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) of the European Union, as the Second Pillar of CAP, covering a wide range of actions, aimed at achieving a balanced territorial development of rural economies and communities. Previous studies highlighted significant similarities between Romania and Poland, regarding agricultural sector and rural areas. A k-mean cluster analysis was performed on Romanian and Polish NUTS2 regions, in order to identify common problems and examples of good practices. The analysis considered five clusters, built over a dataset of four variables: EAFRD investments in farms per capita, share of agricultural output in GDP, utilized agricultural area, and GDP per capita. Out of the five clusters, only one presented a balanced composition of Romanian and Polish regions, also representing a good example of attracting rural development funds where they're mostly needed.

scholarly journals Economic and Social Impacts of Promoting Cultural Heritage Protection by the Czech Rural Development Programme 2007–2013

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 486-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Kouřilová ◽  
Martin Pělucha
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Social Impacts ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Rural Development Programme ◽  
Historical Monuments ◽  
Programming Period ◽  
Economic And Social Impacts

AbstractCultural heritage can play a very important role in local and regional development with economic and social effects. The European Union (EU) outlined a specific measure that is aimed at the protection and development of rural heritage within rural development policy in the programming period of 2007–2013. The main aim of this paper is to assess economic and social impacts of projects supported by EU Rural Policy in the Czech Republic during the period of 2007–2013. The implemented projects were located mainly in peripheral rural areas, both near to borders and in inner peripheries, which means that the measure was geographically well targeted. The results of the measure contribute to the restoration and reconstruction of historical monuments, churches, cemeteries and small sacral monuments which create an environment in rural settlements. This environment is very important for the community life and strengthening local identity. In the field of economic development, the results of this measure demonstrate only limited effects in supported villages.

scholarly journals Relationship of the employment policy with rural development in the European Union

2009 ◽  
pp. 27-36
Author(s):  
Bernadett Béresné Mártha
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Close Relation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Employment Policy ◽  
Positive Tendency ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Common ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Labour Management

Employment policy has won primary attention both at national and EU levels for the past decade. Managing its problems has become one of the major social economic and political challenges. One of the problems is the aging of the continent’s population, which is in close relation with the slow increasing or decreasing economic trends.Comparing the EU’s unemployment, employment and labour productivity rates to those of ten years earlier a positive tendency can be traced. On of the other hand compared with the USA, Japan or the average of OECD countries the Community has still not been able to reduce its several decades lasting leeway. Difficulties of labour management are much more striking in rural territories than in urban districts. Not even the second pillar of the Common Agricultural Policy: the rural development has been successful in managing the employment of the labour supersededfrom the primer sector so far, which is significantly reflected in the unfavourable indicators of labour management and unemployment.

scholarly journals Rural Development in Romania – A Few Considerations

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-174
Author(s):  
Lucian Paul
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Development Program ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Europe 2020 ◽  
The Government ◽  
Partnership Agreement ◽  
Agenda 2000

AbstractThe ‘Agenda 2000’ introduces the Rural Development Policy, as part of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), as a complex policy that can ensure a stable income and a reasonable standard of living for the rural population. Rural development is a major CAP objective since over 50% of the population lives in rural areas and accounts for 80% of E.U. Territories. As a concept, the ‘rural area’ is defined both at a national and European level following specific criteria; however, these criteria differ from one country to another. A complete definition can be found in the European Charter of Rural Areas. Between 2014-2020, the development of rural areas in Romania is supported by the National Rural Development Program. It provides non-reimbursable funds from the European Union and funding from the Government of Romania. Convergence with the Europe 2020 Strategy is ensured through the Partnership Agreement with the European Union, which covers a number of challenges and thematic objectives. In order to achieve them, well-founded investment programs are needed. These programs must have a direct impact on increasing the living standards of the population residing within rural areas. Over 19 billion euros were allocated to Romania for the 2014-2020 period; these funds were used for agricultural policy and rural development. The total budget of the NRDP (2014-2020) is 9.4 billion euros, of which 1.3 billion euros comes from national funding. We believe the achievements recorded in rural areas, up to 2020, are modest and do not reflect the proposed objectives. Thus, projects were drawn up at national and local levels seldom support rural development and do not reflect development needs; sadly, these projects are often drawn up without focusing on efficiency.

scholarly journals KILNS OF THE WESTERN AND EASTERN REGIONS OF THE CHERNYAKHIV CULTURE: NEW MATERIALS TO THE ORGANIZATION OF POTTERY PRODUCTION

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-200
Author(s):  
E. Schultze ◽  
M. V. Lyubichev
Keyword(s):  
Western Region ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Pottery Production ◽  
Current State ◽  
Special Part ◽  
The Western Region ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
Type 3

The aim of this paper was to compare the pottery kilns of the Chernyakhiv culture in two disparate regions for evaluating the organization in pottery manufacturing based on the kilns, their construction and material. Today 11 sites in the western region and 5 sites in the eastern region are known each with one or several kilns. The kilns can be divided in type 1—6 after Bobrinskiy (or the variant A—C after Henning). On the current state of research type 2 seems to prevail in the western region, type 3 in the eastern region. As an example for new investigations the kilns found in Voitenki (Kharkiv county) are presented in detail. Furthermore structures / constructions around the kilns were considered to find evidences for the existence of workshops. In both regions under discussion such remains has been observed rarely (Komariv, Voitenki). Concerning the question, if pottery was produced seasonally or all-the-year, remains of repairs in the kilns were taken into account in both regions (Lepesovka, Voitenki). Another point was the position of the kilns within the settlements. In the western region they were situated at the border of the settlement or even apart them. In the eastern region they were found in several parts of the settlement, in Voitenki in a special part, where evidences of technical works and craft activities are concentrated. After all it seems that in both regions of the Chernyakhiv culture the organization of pottery production worked on a similar economic level, but with local modifications in every settlement.

scholarly journals Oral Health Practices And Status Of 12-Year-Old Pupils In The Western Region Of Cameroon

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashu Michael Agbor ◽  
Thwanche Raissa Kuimo
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Western Region ◽  
Enamel Caries ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Western Region ◽  
Deciduous Molars

Dental caries, though common, presents with considerable variation in occurrence between countries, regions within countries, areas within regions, and among social and ethnic groups. The aim of this study was to describe the oral health status and practices of primary school children in the western region of Cameroon. This was a comparative descriptive cross sectional study took place in April to October 2018 in primary schools located in three localities (Urban, semi urban and rural) of the West region of Cameroon using a multistage random (cluster) sampling technique. There were a predominance of female pupils 265(54.9 %) than males 218 (45.1 %) and 411 (85.1 %) of the pupils had toothbrushes with the majority from urban areas 142 (94.7%). The frequency of brushing was higher in urban than the semi-urban and rural areas and 212 (50.5) of them brushed teeth once a day and nearly half 184 (43.8) twice daily. More than half 238 (56.7) of the children brush before breakfast wake up  less than half brush  176 (42%) brush after supper.  Two third 280(66.8%) of the children brush their teeth with toothbrush and without toothpaste 54(39.4%) was higher in rural areas. Wood ash 7 (5.1%), soap 4(2.9%) and chewing sticks 3(2, 2%) were most frequently used for brushing in rural areas. The majority 395 (82 %) of the children had plaque, 73(15.1 %) presented with dental mal positions, 341 (70.6 %) with bleeding gums and 223 (46.2 %) had calculus which was predominant in lower incisors. The prevalence of dental caries in the entire population was 28.1%.The majority of pupils 346 (71.6 %) were caries free and 01 (0.2 %) had a missing tooth due to decay. None of the children presented with filled teeth. The mean DMFT was higher in the rural (0.39) as compared to the semi urban (0.18) and the urban (0.09) respectively. The mean DMFT index of the entire population was 0.28 while 135(27.9%) of the pupils presented with enamel caries which was predominant in the first permanent molar, 19 (47.2%) presented with deep caries mostly in the second deciduous molars and 8 (22.5%) presented with enamel caries on the second deciduous molars. Dental trauma 12 (2.5%) was mostly found in the upper central incisors. More than a third 61(36.1%) of the pupils who presented with gingivitis were from rural areas,43(25,4%) from semi urban, and 40(26.7%) from urban areas. Almost all the children who lived in semi-urban 157(92.9%) and in urban areas 150 (78.7%) consumed cariogenic diets. A third of the children who ate in-between meals lived in urban areas149 (34.2%) while 123 (72.8%) of the children in semi-urban areas were conscious of their oral hygiene, and 61 (37.2%) of the children’s food are controlled by the parents. Only 37 (7.7 %) of the children have done have ever been to a dentist. The prevalence of dental caries, periodontal diseases and other orofacial lesions in the western region of Cameroon was low. Dental caries was found to be higher in rural and urban areas. Collaboration between the ministries of health and basic education is necessary as a measure to institute oral health education in primary schools. This will go a long way to reduce inequalities in oral health by improving in the oral practices.

scholarly journals Challenges for the Entrepreneurial Environment and the European Union During the Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-40
Author(s):  
Irina Geanina Harja ◽  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Business Community ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Natural Resource Base

In the last decade, it has come to the recognition and awareness that European states and the business environment have been constantly guided by the objectives set out in the strategies by the European Union. Due to the crises, that arose, the whole of contemporary society was in a constant struggle to maintain a balance between the economic, social and environmental. Thus, the trinomial of the interdependence between economic growth, resource use and environmental protection, now known as "sustainable development", creates a multitude of activities that succeed in promoting realistic strategies on how to manage the natural resource base. Currently, due to the new crisis in the European economy, a trinomial has formed between entrepreneurship - pandemic - sustainable development. The EU continues to play its role in protecting citizens and the business community by mobilizing financial resources to minimize the negative impact of the pandemic. The purpose of this article is to highlight the fact that awareness of the emergence of a new impending crisis is forcing EU states to consider the sustainable development of the entrepreneurial environment as the driving force of the late twentieth century.

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