scholarly journals The monastic genealogy of Hoḫʷärwa monastery – a unique witness of Betä Ǝsraʾel historiography

Aethiopica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophia Dege-Müller
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
National Library ◽  
Manuscript Tradition ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ethiopian Jews ◽  
Scribal Tradition

During the course of a study of the manuscript tradition of the Betä Ǝsraʾel (Ethiopian Jews), the manuscript Jerusalem, National Library, Ms. Or. 87 came to light. This codex is a unique manuscript with several important elements that contribute to our knowledge of the history of the Betä Ǝsraʾel. Its by far most important feature are two short additional notes that I have come to call the Hoḫwärwa genealogy. This genealogy is the second piece of original pre-twentieth century Betä Ǝsraʾel historiography ever discovered, next to the text published by Leslau in 1946-47 as ‘A Falasha Religious Dispute.’ Taking the manuscript as a starting point, this article aims to cover topics such as the Betä Ǝsraʾel scribal tradition and aspects of their literature, their monasticism, the history of Hoḫwärwa monastery, and the history of the manuscript itself.

The Outline of the History of Mounting Art on Paper in Poland in the 19th and 20th Centuries

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 173-195
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Garczewska-Semka
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
National Library ◽  
Visual Form ◽  
Historical Collections ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
History Of

Abstract The National Library of Poland holds three historical collections with a unified visual form. The arrangement of the Wilanów collection was carried out in the first half of the nineteenth century, whereas the Krasiński collection was arranged in the early twentieth century respectively the 1950’s or 1960’s in the case of drawings by Norwid. This contribution describes the structure of mountings found in these collections, as well as the historical context in which they were created. It serves as a starting point to provide an outline of the history of conservation methods and preservation of prints’ and drawings’ collections in Poland.

scholarly journals A Parapsychologist, an Anthropologist, and a Vitalist Walk into a Laboratory: Ernesto de Martino, Mircea Eliade, and a Forgotten Chapter in the Disciplinary History of Religious Studies

Religions ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 304
Author(s):  
Flavio A. Geisshuesler
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Religious Studies ◽  
Western World ◽  
Mircea Eliade ◽  
Program Of Study ◽  
Disciplinary History ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Clifford Geertz ◽  
History Of

While the work of the Italian historian of religion, Ernesto de Martino (1908–1965), has frequently been compared to that of Mircea Eliade, Claude Lévi-Strauss, or Clifford Geertz, he has hardly received any attention in anglophone scholarship to date. Taking an all-but-forgotten controversy between de Martino and Eliade at a conference on parapsychology in France in 1956 as its starting point, the article fills part of this lacuna by first reconstructing the philosophical universe underlying the Italian thinker’s program of study. In the process, it introduces the reader to three Weimar scientists, who have never before been inserted within the canon of the study of religion, namely the parapsychologist Albert von Schrenck-Notzing (1862–1929), the anthropologist Leo Frobenius (1873–1938), and the biologist and philosopher Hans Driesch (1867–1941). Contextualizing these thinkers within their historical context, it becomes clear that they were part of a larger scientific crisis that affected the Western world during the first half of the twentieth century. Finally, the article uncovers surprising affinities, particularly the fact that the Romanian thinker had his very own parapsychological phase during his youth.

Families

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Dewar
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Social Behaviour ◽  
Family Law ◽  
Historical Narrative ◽  
Complex Interplay ◽  
Legal Concept ◽  
Dominant Theme ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
History Of

Family law is largely an aggregation of instrumental legislation, designed to achieve specific social and political purposes. Unlike disciplines that take a legal concept as its starting-point — such as contract, trust, or restitution — family law tends to be more than usually susceptible to shifts in politics and social behaviour, and the complex interplay between the two. This means that a dominant theme of family law scholarship has been that of change and transformation. This article offers a brief history of these transformations in family law, and describes how change has been described and analysed. This historical narrative provides a framework for a discussion of the debates that have characterized the discipline in the latter part of the twentieth century.

scholarly journals ”The History of Human Stupidity”: Vojtěch Frič and his Program of a Comparative Study of Religions

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-67
Author(s):  
Markéta Křížová
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
General Public ◽  
Central European ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
History Of ◽  
Czech Lands ◽  
The Comparative Study

Abstract The present article represents a partial outcome of a larger project that focuses on the history of the beginnings of anthropology as an organized science at the end of the nineteenth and the beginning of the twentieth centuries, in the broader socio-political context of Central Europe. Attention is focused especially on the nationalist and social competitions that had an important impact upon intellectual developments, but in turn were influenced by the activities of scholars and their public activities. The case study of Vojtěch (Alberto) Frič, traveler and amateur anthropologist, who in the first two decades of the twentieth century presented to European scientific circles and the general public in the Czech Lands his magnanimous vision of the comparative study of religions, serves as a starting point for considerations concerning the general debates on the purpose, methods, and ethical dimensions of ethnology as these were resonating in Central European academia of the period under study.

Civil litigation in twentieth century Europe

2007 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. H. van Rhee
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Case Management ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Civil Procedure ◽  
Civil Litigation ◽  
New Era ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Many ◽  
Twentieth Century Europe

AbstractThe present article adresses one of the many topics on which Raoul van Caenegem has focused during his long career: the history of civil procedure. It concentrates on the twentieth century and offers a comparative perspective. The year 1898, in which the influential Austrian Zivilprozessordnung (öZPO) of the 1st of August 1895 took effect, forms the starting point of the article. This Code inaugurated a new era in civil procedure since it introduced a judge with extensive case management powers. The final part of the article discusses the English Civil Procedure Rules, which came into force in 1999. In 1999, even the English judge, who until that time had acted as a mere 'umpire', acquired extensive case management powers. Case management by the judge is now a common European phenomenon.

scholarly journals Z problemów urzędowej rejestracji druków w II Rzeczypospolitej: egzemplarz obowiązkowy, bibliografia narodowa, statystyka wydawnicza

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 191-206
Author(s):  
Jadwiga Sadowska
Keyword(s):  
Public Libraries ◽  
Public Library ◽  
University Libraries ◽  
National Library ◽  
Society Of Friends ◽  
University Library ◽  
Regional University ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
History Of ◽  
State Registration

Z PROBLEMÓW URZĘDOWEJ REJESTRACJI DRUKÓW W II RZECZYPOSPOLITEJ: EGZEMPLARZ OBOWIĄZKOWY, BIBLIOGRAFIA NARODOWA, STATYSTYKA WYDAWNICZARejestracja polskiej produkcji wydawniczej przed 1918 rokiem. Prawo o egzemplarzu obowiązkowym dla bibliotek 1919, 1927, 1932. Od „Biuletynu Bibliograficznego” i „Przewodnika Bibliograficznego” do „Urzędowego Wykazu Druków”.PROBLEMS OF THE STATE PRINTS REGISTRATION IN POLAND 1918–1939: LEGAL DEPOSIT, NATIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHY, PUBLISHING STATISTICSThe author of the article analyses the history of official state registration of prints in Poland in 1919–1939. The main problem was to correlate the collecting of legal deposits as well as compile the current national bibliography and credible state publishing statistics. A signifi cant difficulty involved in compiling official book records was caused by the fact that had been no National Library before 1928. The article draws on the writings of bibliographers from the period Stefan Vrtel-Wierczyński, Jan Muszkowski, Władysław Tadeusz Wisłocki, Eustachy Gaberle, Jadwiga Dąbrowska, Helena Hleb-Koszańska. The author’s starting point is an analysis of legal deposit regulations issued three times: in 1919, 1927 and in 1932. According to the first regulations, legal deposits were to be given to university libraries in Kraków, Warsaw, Lviv, Lublin as well as the Public Library in Warsaw and the library of the Society of Friends of Sciences in Poznań. The main problem was that the regulations covered only part of the country formerly annexed by Russia and there was no specialist bibliographic institution Bibliographic Institute. Under the 1927 regulations, legal deposits were to be sent to the National Library, additionaly all journals were to be sent to the Ossolineum Library in Lviv. One legal deposit was also granted to five regional university libraries Warsaw, Vilnius, Lviv, Poznań, Kraków and two public libraries Warsaw, Toruń.Thus the legal deposit regulations were extended across the country. Under the 1932 regulations, legal deposits were to be given to the National Library, university libraries Jagiellonian Library, Warsaw University Library, Lviv University Library, Poznań University Library and Library of the Silesian Parliament later Silesian Library in Katowice, City Public Library in Toruń as well as the Wróblewski Library in Vilnius today Wroblewski Library of the Lithuanian Academy of Sciences. The main problem in that period was the collecting of legal deposits.

The basic features of the history of rhetoric

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
History Of Rhetoric ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
History Of ◽  
Basic Features

Chapter 1 considers the essential reference points in the history of rhetoric. Plato, Aristotle, Cicero, Quintilian, as well as the main transformations of rhetoric up to the twentieth century, are considered in detail. Plato based his theory of rhetoric on pathos or the manipulation of the audience through its emotions. Aristotle provided a theory of logos which allows rigorous science as well as rhetorical inference (enthymeme). Cicero grounded his new approach to rhetoric by giving a privileged role to the speaker or ethos. In its various revivals in the twentieth century, rhetoric continued this practice of granting primacy to either ethos, pathos, or logos; the various authors who participated in this renewal in the last century therefore followed in the footsteps of either Plato, Aristotle, or Cicero. It is now time for a synthesis with a new starting point: questioning.

The nature and history of Egyptology

2015 ◽  
pp. 31-47
Author(s):  
Andrew Bednarski
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Classical Antiquity ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Point Of Departure ◽  
Area Of Study

The history of Egyptology is rapidly ascending to an area of study in its own right. Such enquiry is sorely needed, as what it means to ‘do’ Egyptology remains poorly defined, despite the continued abundance and popularity of Egyptological work. This chapter is intended as a starting point for readers interested in the history of the discipline. It begins with a brief discussion on the poorly defined nature of Egyptology and typical obstacles encountered by authors. It presents an overview of Egyptological phenomena from Classical antiquity to the twentieth century, intended as a point of departure for scholars new to the subject, and examines past and current investigations into the history of the discipline.

Archival Totality in the Gesamtarchiv der deutschen Juden

2021 ◽  
pp. 20-51
Author(s):  
Jason Lustig
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Jewish History ◽  
Jewish Life ◽  
Global Network ◽  
Archival Science ◽  
Nazi Regime ◽  
German Jews ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
History Of ◽  
German Jewish

This chapter uncovers the history of the Gesamtarchiv der deutschen Juden, the central archive of the German Jews, which operated from 1903 until it was confiscated by the Nazis in 1943. It details the Gesamtarchiv’s attempt to create a singular archive of German Jewish history in Berlin, and also opposition to the project of centralization, and it situates the archive within the wider trends of archival science. It thereby explicates the Gesamtarchiv’s vision of total archives and traces its legacy across the arc of the twentieth century. This archive was intended to help produce the history of Germany’s Jews and also to help manage its communities, but it was ultimately turned into an instrument for the domination of Jewish life by the Nazi regime. Altogether, this chapter offers the Gesamtarchiv as a starting point for a global network of Jewish archives that followed the Gesamtarchiv’s vision of archival totality.

Setting the Scene: a Response to John Rogerson

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
KEITH W. WHITELAM
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Old Testament ◽  
Biblical Studies ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Biblical Scholarship ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Biblical History ◽  
Ancient Israel ◽  
History Of

John Rogerson's review of works on the history of ancient Israel from Humphrey Prideaux to Martin Noth is a fine illustration of Ecclesiastes' observation (1.9): ‘What has been is what will be, and what has been done is what will be done; and there is nothing new under the sun’. The current debates on the history of Israel are often presented as part of some paradigm shift or, at the very least, a new and savage phase in the study of Israelite history. The publication of recent works such as A Biblical History of Israel by Provan et al. and Kenneth Kitchen's On the Reliability of the Old Testament take us back to the starting point of Rogerson's paper and the work of Prideaux before the development of biblical studies as a critical discipline in the nineteenth century. Norman Cantor's observations on the invention of the Middle Ages by twentieth-century scholarship are just as applicable to biblical scholarship and its pursuit of ancient Israel.

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