scholarly journals Fuentes de resistencia a la antracnosis y la mancha angular en frijol común para Costa Rica.

2006 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Rodolfo Araya ◽  
Floribeth Mora ◽  
Shree P. Shingh
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Angular Leaf Spot ◽  
Disease Score ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Resistant Disease ◽  
La Mancha ◽  
Abiotic And Biotic Factors ◽  
Natural Incidence

The objective of this study was to select sources of resistance to angular leaf spot and anthracnose from a diverse group of germplasm with known resistance to these diseases and other abiotic and biotic factors. Atotal of 173 common beans that included 46 landraces and 127 breeding lines were evaluated at two locations (Estación Experimental Fabio Baudrit Moreno and Sub-Estación Experimental Fraijanes, both of Universidad de Costa Rica) in 1996 and 1997. A mixture of four races (races 9, 10, 547, and 1024 of maximum virulence and coverage in Costa Rica) of the anthracnose pathogen was used to inoculate four times. Because of high natural incidence of angular leaf spot, inoculation was not necessary. Twenty-one landraces and 13 breeding lines were resistant (disease score of 3 or less) to antracnose. Only five landraces (G 12529, G 14934, G 19428, G 19696, and G 19831), one improved cultivar (ICA Tundama), and a breeding line UCR 55 had intermediate reaction (disease score between 4 and 6). Thus, for angular leaf spot evaluation of a much broader range of germplasm of common bean and other related species is suggested.

New sources of resistance to anthracnose and angular leaf spot of beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Euphytica ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 741-754 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. F. Schwartz ◽  
M. A. Pastor Corrales ◽  
S. P. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Angular Leaf Spot ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Sources Of Resistance

scholarly journals Phenotypic and Molecular Evaluation of Interspecific Peanut (Arachis) Lines

2004 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. F. Anderson ◽  
G. Kochert ◽  
C. C. Holbrook ◽  
H. T. Stalker
Keyword(s):  
Wild Species ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus ◽  
Plant Morphology ◽  
Interspecific Crosses ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Resistant Disease ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽  
Wilt Virus

Abstract Peanut breeders are constantly in search of new sources of genes that confer tolerance or resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses to improve the production and quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate peanut lines generated from interspecific crosses for amounts of wild species introgression, including genes for resistance to peanut root-knot nematodes, tomato spotted wilt virus and leaf spot diseases. Nine diploid Arachis species were crossed with peanut breeding lines and 130 different interspecific hybrid lines were developed. These lines were evaluated for the amount of introgression using RFLP analyses, plant morphology, and disease resistant phenotypes. Based on RFLPs, 41 lines showed measurable introgression and 12 hexaploid-derived lines were polymorphic for at least four probes. Greenhouse and field evaluations indicated that resistance was not present in the lines tested for tomato spotted wilt virus, early leaf spot, or Cylindrocladium black rot. However, resistance approaching that of the wild species was found for the peanut root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne arenaria) among lines derived from crosses with Arachis diogoi, A. correntina, A. batizocoi, and A. cardenasii. Introgression lines were resistant (disease ratings of 1.5 to 4.5 and lesion numbers 8 to 63) compared to Southern Runner (ratings of 5.5 to 6 and lesion numbers of nearly 500) for late leaf spot (Cercosporidium personation) in field evaluations performed in Gainesville, FL over 2 yr. The greatest resistance was found among lines from crosses with A. batizocoi, A. duranensis, A. stenosperma, A. magma, and A. diogoi. Results indicate that it should be possible to identify molecular markers to tag resistance genes for use in conventional breeding programs and stack these genes in highly productive peanut cultivars.

scholarly journals Mejoramiento genético para tolerancia a altas temperaturas y resistencia a mosaico dorado en frijol común.

2006 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Carlos Rosas ◽  
Aracely Castro ◽  
James S. Beaver ◽  
Carlos A. Pérez ◽  
Adrián Morales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
El Salvador ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Angular Leaf Spot ◽  
Irrigation District ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Common Bacterial Blight ◽  
Commercial Value

In 1994-95, sources of heat tolerance were identified in common beans after screened several germplasm and advanced lines nurseries in Choluteca and Nacaome (≤ 50 masl), in the southern region of Honduras. The best heat tolerant genotypes were validated under greenhouse controlled conditions (35/27 °C day/night) in Geneva, New York. Afterward, crosses were made to develop small-red bean lines with heat tolerance and resistance to BGMV and other limiting factors. The F2- F5 segregant populations were evaluated for multiple traits including BGMV, common bacterial blight, angular leaf spot, rust, low fertility conditions, and selected for agronomic performance and commercial value. In 1998, 217 F6 and F7 advanced lines were evaluated in the irrigation district Lempa-Acahuapa (20 masl), in the Pacific region of El Salvador for heat tolerance and BGMV. The same nurseries were evaluated in Liberia, in the Northwest region of Costa Rica, for tolerance to high temperatures; and at Zamorano, Honduras for resistance to common bacterial blight, angular leaf spot and rust. A group of lines were identified having superior yield and adaptation than commercial checks, under high temperature conditions in El Salvador and Costa Rica. Some of these lines were also resistant to BGMV in El Salvador, and moderate resistant to web blight in Costa Rica, and they had excellent agronomic performance and good commercial value.

scholarly journals Pathogenic variability of Pseudocercospora griseola isolates from two provinces of Ecuador

2017 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-119
Author(s):  
Diego Rodríguez ◽  
Laura Vega ◽  
Ángel Murillo ◽  
Eduardo Peralta
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Field Resistance ◽  
Angular Leaf Spot ◽  
Grain Legume ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Pathogenic Variability ◽  
Pseudocercospora Griseola ◽  
Sown Area

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is the most important edible grain legume in Ecuador. The Ministry of Agriculture, Cattle Raising, Aquaculture and Fisheries of this country estimated that 71,600 hectares were cultivated in 2012; of the sown area, 53% was dedicated to dry grain and the remaining 47% to fresh grain. Beans are an important source of income for farmers and food for thousands of Ecuadorian families. Crop performance and yield are affected by diseases such as angular leaf spot caused by Pseudocercospora griseola (Sacc.) Ferraris. The best alternative for disease control is to use resistant varieties. However, durability of field resistance will depend on the knowledge of angular leaf spot variability. In Ecuador, detailed and systematic studies on the variability of the angular leaf spot pathogen have not been conducted. For this reason, the pathogenic variability of 21 isolates of angular leaf spot, collected from the provinces of Carchi and Imbabura in the Ecuadorian Andes, was studied. Thirteen different pathotypes were identified, five of them showed compatibility with only the group of Andean differentials and the remaining eight showed compatibility with two groups of differentials (Andean and Mesoamerican). Race 63:0 was the most frequent and race 31:63 was the most virulent. None of the isolates were compatible with differential Cornell 49-242. Therefore, bean breeding lines in Ecuador would benefit by incorporating the Phg-2 resistance gene present in differential Cornell 49-242 .

Biplot evaluation of test environments and identification of lentil genotypes with durable resistance to fusarium wilt in India

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (11) ◽  
pp. 1024 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Parihar ◽  
Ashwani K. Basandrai ◽  
D. R. Saxena ◽  
K. P. S. Kushwaha ◽  
S. Chandra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Durable Resistance ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Disease Occurrence ◽  
Sources Of Variation ◽  
Testing Site ◽  
Natural Incidence

Fusarium wilt (caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lentis) is the most crucial limiting variable for decreasing yield levels of lentils (Lens culinaris Medik.) around the world. A set of 20 diverse lentil genotypes comprising breeding lines and released varieties was evaluated, along with susceptible controls, for resistance to fusarium wilt through natural incidence for two continuous years (2010–11 and 2011–12) in six diverse lentil-growing environments in India. Analysis of variance showed that the effect of genotype (G) and environment (E) for disease incidence was highly significant. Among the three sources of variation, the biggest contribution in disease occurrence was accounted for by environment (54.68%), followed by G × E interaction (17.32%). The high G × E variation necessitated assessment of the genotypes at different locations (environments). GGE biplot analysis of the studied genotypes revealed that genotype PL 101 and released cultivar L 4076 had low levels of disease incidence. The sources of resistance to fusarium wilt have great potential for use in lentil-breeding programs. Another biplot of relationships among environments demonstrated that, among the test locations, Sehore and Faizabad, were the most effective for differentiation of genotypes. On the basis of discriminating ability and representativeness, the Sehore location appeared an ideal testing site for natural incidence of F. oxysporum f. sp. lentis.

scholarly journals Screening Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Germplasm for Resistance against Angular Leaf Spot (Pseudocercospora griseola) Disease under Field Condition

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Yayis Rezene ◽  
Shiferw Mekonin
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Field Condition ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Genetic Resistance ◽  
Angular Leaf Spot ◽  
Eastern Africa ◽  
Leaf Spot Disease ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
The Common ◽  
Pseudocercospora Griseola

Angular leaf spot (ALS) caused by the fungus Pseudocercospora griseola is one of the most destructive disease in Latin America and eastern Africa countries. The fungus, P. griseola is highly variable and a diverse sources of resistance genes is required to manage this economically important disease. The use of genetic resistance is the most practical and economic way to manage angular leaf spot of the common bean. Common bean (Phaseolus vulgarise L.) germplasm were screened for resistance against Angular leaf spot (ALS) under field conditions at Wonodogenet and Areka Research farms. Out of 300 common bean accessions evaluated only 14 (4.6%) common bean accessions were resistant to naturally epidemics of angular leaf spot disease under field condition. Therefore, all common bean germplasm that showed resistance reaction can be involved in breeding program for the improvement of the common bean.

scholarly journals Avances en la selección de fuentes de resistencia a las principales enfermedades del frijol común (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) en Costa Rica.

2006 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos M. Araya ◽  
Rodolfo Araya
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Core Collection ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum ◽  
Angular Leaf Spot ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Disease Reaction ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Experimental Plots

In this research a broad set of bean genotypes were evaluated in the search for sources of resistance to both, anthracnose (Colletotrichum lindemuthianum) and angular leaf spot (Pahaeoisriopsis griseola). The germplasm evaluated came from the National Bean Breeding Program and international nurseries from CIAT: VIFURE, VIPADOGEN and CORE COLLECTION. Experimental plots were establised in Puriscal (1017 masl), Alajuela (814 masl) and Fraijanes (1650 masl), during the 97-98 and 98-99 growing seasons. Experimental plots were single or two rows from two to six m in length depending on seed availability. Disease reaction was scored at six and eight weeks after seeding using a 1 to 9 severity scale. Only genotypes showing 1-3 disease reaction for anthracnose and 1-4 for angular leaf spot were selected. In the germplas from the National Bean Breeding Program nine lines resistant to both pathogens were identified, of those, five lines were specifically resistant to anthracnose and two angular leaf spot. In the VIPADOGEN from CIAT, 25 lines were resistant to anthracnose and only two were resistant to both diseases. These materials also displayed adaptation to either drought or low soil fertility. The CORE COLLECTION nursery provided 82 lines resistant to anthracnose, 12 lines resistant to angular leaf spot and 26 lines were resistant to both pathogens. The most outstanding sources of resistance to anthracnose and angular leaf spot will be made available in a regional nursery.

scholarly journals Reaction of common bean progenies to white mold derived from recurrent selection

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 583-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danuza Araújo de Souza ◽  
Fernanda Aparecida Castro Pereira ◽  
Juliana Andrade Dias ◽  
Monik Evelin Leite ◽  
João Bosco dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Angular Leaf Spot ◽  
White Mold ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Original Population ◽  
The One

This study was realized with the objective of verifying the resistance to white mold of common bean progenies derived from recurrent selection for resistance to angular leaf spot. The plant material used was obtained from a program of recurrent selection, which was started by crossing seven lines with carioca grain type with ten sources of resistance to angular leaf spot according to the partial diallel scheme. To evaluate the resistance to white mold, it was verified the reaction of 17 parents plus 35 selected progenies, to oxalic acid. Huge heterogeneity among the parents was observed, showing that some of them have resistance alleles to white mold, and thus, there is a possibility of recombine these alleles through the recurrent selection and obtaining progenies with high levels of resistance. Even in initial cycles, some progenies exhibited resistance to white mold similar to the one of cultivar 'G-122', which presents good level of resistance to this disease. This leads to infer that the original population already had some level of physiological resistance for the reaction to absorption of oxalic acid, and also for resistance to angular leaf spot. Thus, among the selected progenies for resistance to angular leaf spot, grain type and high yield, at least four progenies have resistance to white mold similar to the source of resistance 'G-122'.

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