The Impact of (KRG) on the Relations between Turkey and Iraq Since 2010

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (05) ◽  
pp. 20460-20471
Author(s):  
Halgr N. Tairo ◽  
Prof. Dr. Celal Nazım İREM
Keyword(s):  
Strong Relationship ◽  
The Political ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Political Relations ◽  
Political Relationship ◽  
Strong Bound ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Quantitative And Qualitative Methods

The impact of KRG (Kurdish Regional Government) of Iraq on the relationships between Turkey and Iraq has been analyzed in this study. This study has examined the political relationship between Turkey, Iraq and KRG and the impact of economic relations on the political relations between Turkey, Iraq and KRG as well. The researcher has implemented the most applicable literature for collecting all the data which are belong to this research. This study used quantitative and qualitative methods in order to gather and examine information. Furthermore, this project has applied Neoliberal theory for analyzing data. A representative from Iraqi Kurdish representative in Erbil has been interviewed by the researcher in order to get benefit from his experience and knowledge concerning Turkish and Iraqi Kurdish relations. After finishing this project and analyzing the existing data with results the investigator determined that there is a strong bound between established literature and results. This study concludes that there is a strong relationship between Turkey and KRG in last decade. In contrast, the relationships of Turkey and Iraq have gotten worse due to KRG and Turkey relations since 2010.  One of the most efficacious factors which influence positively on the relationship between Turkish and KRG are the business interchanging including trade and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI).

Syrian - Lebanese economic relations 1958 – 2000

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The Political ◽  
Economic Exchange ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Political Conditions ◽  
Special Circumstances ◽  
Main Engine ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Descriptive Method

In the midst of dangerous circumstances and events and the thorny relations between Syria and Lebanon ,the issue of Syrian – Lebanese economic relations 1958 – 2000 came to confirm the depth of the relationship between the two counties and indicate the political tensions and the shadows it casts on economic relations. Perhaps the Syrian – Lebanese relations are among the strangest relations that exist between two countries or Even between two peoples , although it brings together a lot of special circumstances that are difficult to find in other countries , any event , even if it is fleeting , can be exploited in a way that harms the essence of the relationship in which interests may intersect between two ordinary countries that do not have any connection of historical weight or A specific geography , the Syrian – Lebanese relationship is , by virtue of history , concurrent with the emergence of the two states as political entities . This reason and others prompted me to choose this topic , which embodies the volume of trade and economic exchange between the two countries and clearly embodies the repercussions of the relationship , which passes from one period to another in a state of ebb and flow . This study sheds light on the economic relations between the two countries , although it is difficult to ignore the impact of the political conditions on them , as they are the main engine , and the decline in economic relations is only a reaction to the crisis policy in many cases . in writing this research , the researcher used the descriptive method of history , and he used an important number of sources that enriched the subject , such as the Lebanese – Syrian relations of the authors Antoine AL-Nashef and Khalil AL-Hindi , as well as the Lebanese – Syrian relations1985 -1943 issued by the Lebanese Documentation and Research Center and last but not least l hope this study will be successful in terms of providing information and facts to the lraqi offices and contributing to their enrichment and providing assistance to the lraqi researcher .

scholarly journals Image of China in Afghanistan News Discourses: A Corpus-Based Critical Discourse Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 217
Author(s):  
Sakhidad Sangeen
Keyword(s):  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Friendly Relation ◽  
Political Relations ◽  
New Birth ◽  
Political Relationship ◽  
History Of ◽  
Positive Perspective ◽  
The Relationship

Afghanistan and China have a long credible history and reliable relationship. Afghanistan-China’s friendship has been verified to be the model of cooperation between two neighboring countries. Both states have strong historical, cultural, social, economic, and political relations together. The relationship emerged in front of the world in 1955, when both the countries signed an economic treaty, known as the “Treaty of Economic and Technical Cooperation.” The study aims to investigate the image of China in the Outlook English newspaper of Afghanistan, whereas China’s recent development in trade and the economic rise around the globe has given new birth to the cooperativeness between both the countries. The current trade has reached up to $700 million between both the countries. Thus the study identifies the facts from the corpus-based analysis that the frequency of economic relations between Afghanistan and China has risen due to a significant trust and friendly relation with each other. Moreover, the success in economic trade depends on the positive perspective of an excellent historical background and political relationship in the history of one’s country in another. Both countries’ good historical friendships reveal a significant positive image of China in Afghanistan’s Outlook English newspaper. The occurrences of development, China, cooperation, economic and industrial cooperation reveal China’s interest and friendly relations moving towards Afghanistan in particular. Therefore, such engagements of China with Afghanistan will bring economic development and make a better security situation in Afghanistan.

Eastern Orthodoxy and Europe

2021 ◽  
pp. 479-496
Author(s):  
Effie Fokas
Keyword(s):  
The Political ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Temporal Perspective ◽  
Eastern Orthodoxy ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
Political Reality ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter considers the relationship between ‘Orthodoxies’ and ‘Europes’, highlighting the multiplicity of Eastern Christian Orthodox approaches and attitudes towards Europe, from one majority Orthodox national context to another and one historical period to another, ranging from anti-Europeanism (and anti-Westernism) to Europhilism. It also draws attention to differences in Orthodox stances on the idea of Europe, on the one hand, and the political reality of the European unification project, on the other. A temporal perspective is particularly relevant in changing attitudes to the European Union. Special attention is paid to external perspectives on the relationship between ‘Orthodoxy’ and ‘Europe’, often politicized and influenced by the political turmoil in the Balkans. The chapter closes with reference to the situation of flux characterizing contemporary conceptions of Europe, and the impact of the latter on ‘Orthodoxy’ in relation to ‘Europe’.

scholarly journals Organizational Politics and Job Satisfaction: Mediation and Moderation of Political Skills

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Abdullah W. Jabid ◽  
Irfandi Buamonabot ◽  
Johan Fahri ◽  
Muhammad Asril Arilaha
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Quantitative Method ◽  
Political Skill ◽  
Organizational Politics ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Political Skills ◽  
Government Work ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The research examined the impact of moderation and mediation of political skill on organizational politics and job satisfaction. It applied a quantitative method. The population was 240 employees from the middle to top management in local government offices. With purposive sampling, 86 respondents working in the Regional Government Work Unit of Ternate City were involved in the survey. The research used a hierarchical regression analysis as a statistical analysis and IBM SPSS statistics Version 24. The results show that political skill strengthens the relationship between organizational politics and job satisfaction. Then, political skill also fully mediates the relationship between organizational politics and job satisfaction.

scholarly journals Comments on "Researcher bias: The use of machine learning in software defect prediction"

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chakkrit Tantithamthavorn ◽  
Shane McIntosh ◽  
Ahmed E Hassan ◽  
Kenichi Matsumoto
Keyword(s):  
Prediction Model ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Defect Prediction ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Software Defect ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Selection Of

Shepperd et al. (2014) find that the reported performance of a defect prediction model shares a strong relationship with the group of researchers who construct the models. In this paper, we perform an alternative investigation of Shepperd et al. (2014)’s data. We observe that (a) researcher group shares a strong association with the dataset and metric families that are used to build a model; (b) the strong association among the explanatory variables introduces a large amount of interference when interpreting the impact of the researcher group on model performance; and (c) after mitigating the interference, we find that the researcher group has a smaller impact than the metric family. These observations lead us to conclude that the relationship between the researcher group and the performance of a defect prediction model may have more to do with the tendency of researchers to reuse experimental components (e.g., datasets and metrics). We recommend that researchers experiment with a broader selection of datasets and metrics to combat potential bias in their results.

Duterte’s Foreign Policy Pivot and Its Impact on Philippine Trade and Investments: An International Political Economy Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 127-160
Author(s):  
Jenny D. Balboa
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
International Political Economy ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
The Political ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Trade And Investment

Abstract Since the Philippines elected President Rodrigo Duterte in 2016, the country’s foreign policy seems to have become more uncertain. President Duterte’s mercurial personality and antagonistic tirades against the country’s traditional Western allies, including the United States (US) and the European Union (EU), and his statements of building closer ties with China and Russia, had changed the political and diplomatic tone of the Philippines overall. Certainly, the political relationship between the Philippines and the West has been changed by Duterte’s strong remarks against the US and EU. Has this change spilled over to the economy? The paper presents an international political economy framework in examining the impact of Duterte’s foreign policy pivot to the country’s foreign economic relations, focusing on trade and investment. The paper argues that Duterte’s foreign policy shift is mainly shaped by Duterte’s “politics of survival”. Not firmly anchored in any idea, norms, or interest that can clearly benefit the country, Duterte is unable to provide coherent guidance and leadership on the foreign policy pivot, particularly on the economy. Duterte’s lack of guidance provided the technocrats with the policy space to continue the policies from the previous administration and not to divert radically from previous economic policies. The stability of the economic institutions provided a refuge in the period of uncertainty. As a result, the foreign economic relations of the Philippines has not radically shifted. The trade and investment situation of the Philippines remained stable, and economic relations with traditional partners are maintained.

The Political Economy of Land and Urban Development

2018 ◽  
pp. 343-359
Author(s):  
Kudzanai Bvochora ◽  
Bernard Kusena
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Natural Increase ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
The Political ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
The World ◽  
Urban Settlements ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Many urban areas which have sprouted around the world owe their economic and social origins in growth points and market centers. Situated about 15 kilometers south-east of Harare, Epworth became one of Zimbabwe's largest peri-urban settlements due to the combined effect of demographic, political, and socioeconomic factors, among others. This chapter interrogates the various forces behind this unprecedented population growth. It demonstrates the relationship between Epworth's ballooning population and the various pull and push factors of urbanization. For example, immigration contributed immensely to this rise, although natural increase in births also contributed fairly significantly. This chapter examines the impact of population dynamics and other variables that were linked to the rapid expansion of Epworth on the overall development processes, arguing that economic and social infrastructure became conditioned by such dynamics.

Wartime paradigms and the future of western military power

2020 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 401-418
Author(s):  
Olivier Schmitt
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
The Political ◽  
Military Power ◽  
Force Structure ◽  
Heuristic Device ◽  
Perception Of Time ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Technological Improvements ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract From the perception of the imminence of threats at the political level to the seizing of initiative through proper timing at the tactical level, temporality is directly related to war and warfare. Yet, despite some analyses of the importance of time at the political/grand strategic level (usually by scholars) and at the tactical level (usually by military professionals) there is surprisingly little discussion of the impact of time on the preparation and the conduct of warfare. This article introduces the concept of ‘wartime paradigm’ as a heuristic device to understand the relationship between the perception of time and the conduct of warfare, and argues that after the Cold War, a specific ‘wartime paradigm’ combining an optimization for speed and an understanding of war as risk management has guided western warfare, from force structure to the conduct of actual operations. It shows how the changing character of warfare directly challenges this wartime paradigm and why, if western forces want to prevail in future conflicts, the establishment of a new wartime paradigm guiding technological improvements and operational concepts is critical.

scholarly journals The Spatial Evolution of Geoeconomic Pattern among China and Neighboring Countries since the Reform and Opening-Up

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 2168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Liang ◽  
Mingxing Chen ◽  
Dadao Lu ◽  
Zijin Ding ◽  
Zhi Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Model ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Economic Dependence ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Political Relations ◽  
Rise Of China ◽  
Reform And Opening Up ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Opening Up

The rise of China has had a profound impact on the world and regional political and economic pattern since the reform and opening-up. This paper studies the impact of China’s development on the evolution of the surrounding geo-pattern from the perspective of geoeconomics. Based on the sensitivity and vulnerability of asymmetric interdependence, trade and investment indicators are selected to construct a quantitative model to measure the relative economic dependence between China and neighboring countries. This paper analyzes the degree, types and trends of relative economic dependence and the relationship between economic interdependence and political relations, and investigates the surrounding geoeconomic cooperation. The results are shown as follows: (1) Since 2010, all neighboring countries have had relative economic dependence on China. China’s geoeconomic position in the surrounding area has radically transformed. (2) Since the reform and opening-up, the relative economic dependence of neighboring countries on China has been rising, from negative to positive and from low to high. After 2003, the types of relative economic dependence have gradually shifted from dual low and trade-compensative dependence to dual high and trade-oriented dependence. (3) Trade was the dominant factor in the relative economic dependence of most neighboring countries on China, and it was also the main factor contributing to China’s economic advantages over great powers in the neighborhood. The majority of neighboring countries’ investment dependence on China increased faster than their trade dependence, and the growth of their relative economic dependence will gradually turn to investment in the future. (4) The improvement of political relations between China and neighboring countries provides a foundation for the development of economic relations, and economic relations have the “inertia” of resisting political risks. The deepening of economic ties is conducive to friendly and stable political relations. (5) China’s peripheral geoeconomic strategy focuses on cooperation rather than competition. One of the goals of geoeconomics is the pursuit of joint economic benefits.

Dahomey and the Slave Trade: Reflections on the Historiography of the Rise of Dahomey

1986 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Law
Keyword(s):  
Slave Trade ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Centralization ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Overseas Market

The rise of the kingdom of Dahomey coincided with the growth of the slave trade in the area, and consequently has often served as a case study of the impact of the slave trade upon African societies. The article reviews the historiography of the rise of Dahomey, in an attempt to clarify the relationship between the nature of the Dahomian state and its participation in the slave trade. It considers, and refutes, the view that the rulers of Dahomey had originally intended to bring the slave trade to an end. It examines the militaristic character of the Dahomian state, and suggests that this is best understood as a consequence of increased warfare stimulated by the overseas market for war captives. Finally, it examines and partially endorses those views which have presented the political centralization of Dahomey as a constructive response to the problems of order posed by slave-raiding.

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