scholarly journals CURRENT CHALLENGES OF AGRICULTURAL BUSINESS AGAINST FARMING ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waldemar BOJAR ◽  
Marek SIKORA ◽  
Grzegorz DZIEŻA
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Gap Analysis ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Genetic Progress ◽  
Yield Gap ◽  
Modern Agriculture ◽  
Adverse Weather

The paper investigates circumstances determined modern agriculture and agribusiness challenges and shows methods ensuring sustainability of value-added agriculture and rural areas taking into account, inter alia, climate change, healthy food, organizational and technological progress. The aim of the article is to show that combining the agribusiness circumstances and methods allows to ensure sustainable development, value-added agriculture and rural areas. To verify adjustment farming processes according set up goals the questionnaire survey on farm equipment and information systems was carried out in 2017 in Kujawy & Pomorze region. The questionnaire was sent to all participants in the supply chain of that particular company. The challenge facing modern agriculture is the ability to efficiently implement farm innovations, acquire new knowledge and effective use of the farming progress achievements. Negative effects of intensive farming for environment cause to seek for solutions let face economic and environmental challenges for contemporary agriculture and rural areas development. Serious threatens in a climate change can cause imbalance in food supply and demand. Observed higher frequency and severity of adverse weather events require genotypic adaptation. Hence, some studies on genetic progress in those crops adaptation were presented. Also some approaches how to assess and collect data for yield gap analysis, and to summarize the yield gap explaining factors were identified. The presented results showed that although management and edaphic factors are more often considered to explain the yield gap, both farm characteristics and socio-economic factors often explain the yield gap.

scholarly journals Climate Change in Hungarian Rural Society: Assessment of Adaptive Capacity

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-116
Author(s):  
Judit Pappné Vancsó ◽  
Mónika Hoschek ◽  
Ferenc Jankó
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Adaptive Capacity ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Social System ◽  
Rural Society ◽  
High Impact ◽  
Accurate Calculation ◽  
Drought Frequency ◽  
Expected Increase

Abstract Beside sustainable development, vulnerability might be the most frequently used expression in environmental studies. Vulnerability depends on the intensity of the impacts on a natural or social system as well as on its adaptive capacity. Appropriate adaptation warrants successful survival of the system even under high impact, when its vulnerability is significantly reduced; therefore, measuring adaptive capacity should have an established place in the methodology of impact – adaptation – vulnerability research. The main problem is to find relevant data that are required to establish indicators. In our study, the focus was laid on measuring adaptive capacity within vulnerability research, and on identifying possibilities for accurate calculation of adaptation. An attempt was made to determine the adaptive capacity to droughts in the micro-regions of Zala County. It could be established that the adaptive capacity of the population in the rural areas of Zala County to the expected increase in drought frequency is very low, which can be primarily explained by the lack of knowledge about adaptive agriculture.

scholarly journals The silver tourism economy in rural areas under conditions of sustainable development

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-133
Author(s):  
Jan Sikora ◽  
Agnieszka Anna Wartecka-Ważyńska
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Economic Resources ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Tourism Economy

The aim of the article is to present the concept of the silver tourism economy and to identify its supply and demand in rural areas in Poland in relation to sustainable development. The problems of interest were analysed in the context of values held by and ethical norms observed in rural communities. It was found that ethical aspects of sustainable development were embraced by older members of rural communities, and, consequently, were closely connected with the supply and demand sides of the silver tourism economy. The study revealed that the supply side of the silver tourism economy in rural areas was more developed than the demand side. The authors emphasize the need for natural, cultural, social and economic resources (associated with the supply side) to support the demand side of the rural tourism market. They also indicate that ethical values and norms of sustainable development are important for the silver tourism economy. The article is based a review of the literature, analysis of secondary sources and official documents and participant observation undertaken by of the authors.

scholarly journals Age Structure of Farm Owners and Managers: Problems and the Solutions Thereto in Latvia

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (339) ◽  
pp. 15-26
Author(s):  
Aleksejs Nipers ◽  
Irina Pilvere
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Age Structure ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Value Added ◽  
World Population ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Agricultural Industry ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Research Show

AbstractThe research paper presents the results of research on the situation and trends in the age structure of farm owners or managers in Latvia. The growing world population and the challenges caused by climate change make farmers reconsider their traditional farming practices. Therefore, scientists believe that the aging of farmers is a major obstacle to the sustainable development of agriculture and rural areas, as evidenced by the age structure of European Union (EU) farmers and other agricultural workers. Generation renewal is crucial for sustainable land management and food production. In 2018, according to statistical data, the share of agriculture, forestry and fisheries in total gross value added in Latvia was only 3.8%. However, these sectors were the main job creators and drivers of economic development in rural areas. Therefore, the aim of the present research is to assess trends in the age structure of farm managers and owners and the policy instruments applied in Latvia. The results of the research show that despite the policy instruments implemented in Latvia after its accession to the EU to support young farmers and promote early retirement of farm owners, the aging process of farm owners and managers occurs relatively fast. The median age of farm owners and managers in Latvia has increased from 53 years in 2009 to 57 years in 2019, which could hinder the development of the agricultural industry and prevent the new challenge of growing global food demand and the negative impacts of climate change from being tackled.

scholarly journals Utilizing Biochar Potential in Nganjuk Regency: Reducing Climate Change Effects and Enhancing Rural-Urban Linkage through Low Carbon Green Growth Program (Lesson Learned from Kameoka City, Japan)

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Eko Wahyudi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Green Growth ◽  
Development Framework

Climate change is a global issue that all governments have to encounter nowadays. In recent years, many governments are aware of the environmental issues necessary to agenda setting in their development objectives. Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) conducted by the United Nations gives guidelines for the governments to integrate both economic and environmental issues in a sustainable development framework. Meanwhile, the rural development has also become a global agenda in reducing the disparity between urban and rural areas. Many governments have conducted development strategies for ensuring economic prosperity along with ecological sustainability, yet for generating rural-urban equality as well. Low Carbon Green Growth Program is one of the strategies aimed to meet those objectives. The main purpose of the program is to reduce carbon dioxide emission to minimize the effects of greenhouse gasses (GHGs) as the main cause of climate change and global warming. An immediate action useful to implement the program is managing and utilizing biochar in agricultural process. Previous studies have proved that the biochar reduces CO2 emission and also restores soil fertility. One of the best applicable Low Carbon Green Growth Programs might be the pilot project conducted in Kameoka City of Japan called The Carbon Minus Project. The project’s main purpose is to reduce carbon emission by promoting a low-carbon lifestyle, yet economically profitable. Nganjuk Regency generates abundant biomass from agriculture products, livestock, plantation, and forestry. The solid biomass can be converted into biochar through a pyrolysis process. The result of this study is expected to be taken into consideration by the local governments to promote low carbon lifestyle, to combat climate change, and yet to reduce the rural-urban disparity.

scholarly journals Evaluate the Capabilities and Limitations Sustainable Rural Development in the Kermanshah District

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
pp. 86-100
Author(s):  
Masood Safari AliAkbari ◽  
Hamdollah Pishroo
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Sustainable Rural Development ◽  
The Status ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The One

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the capabilities and limitations sustainable rural development in the Kermanshah district, is. Kermanshah district is, the one of Kermanshah city in the Kermanshah Province, located in the West of Iran. Province with an area of 24,640 square kilometers, the seventeenth province of Iran, the extent of. Reviews features and capabilities of the rural Kermanshah district, in order to achieve sustainable development goals of the study is considered. To assess the capabilities and limitations of sustainable rural development, Kermanshah district, the Model " driving force ( pressure), - the status quo - Response " (PSR), with emphasis on economic factors, is employed. In order to sustain economic factors are the factors that leads to rural development in a period of sustained economic terms, and the amount of economic and social prosperity for farmers and villagers to create. In the model used, studied over 10 indicators, such as access to water resources, food security, adequate income and permanent farmer’s share of manufactured exports, etc. have been studied. To calculate the index, data from the Statistical Center of Iran and the Ministry of Agriculture has been used. The results of the model used, the indicators used, show that stability, rural development, agricultural activities down to reliance has been, and continues to the present situation cannot be sustainable development for rural areas surveyed have. One of the main reasons for this instability, the increasing cost of agricultural production, on the one hand, and the low prices of the other party, which has caused the value added of this sector was low and income from agricultural activities 30 percent of total rural income ), not sustainable rural development, to be held.

scholarly journals Challenges and Opportunities to Climate Change Adaptation and Sustainable Development Among Tanzanian Rural Communities

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Esther W. Dungumaro ◽  
Goran Hyden
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Global Initiatives

In more recent years climate change impacts have been obvious around the globe. This non-contentious reality has resulted in various global initiatives to reduce climate change impacts. However, differences exist in opportunities and capacity to adaptation. This paper, descriptive in nature, draws heavily from literature and also uses 2002 Tanzanian population and housing census to identify and discuss major challenges and opportunities to climate change adaptation and sustainable development in rural areas of Tanzania. Two groups are of focus; pastoralist herders and smallholder farmers. Analysis indicates that opportunities to climate change adaptation among rural community include their knowledge and experience. Challenges are centered on the pervasive poverty, rapid population increase and high illiteracy rates. Forces beyond their control including funds and governance also present definite limits to climate change adaptation. The paper suggests among others, the effective implementation of two top policies: education and social security funding.

scholarly journals Electrochemical conversion of CO2 into value-added carbon with desirable structures via molten carbonates electrolysis

RSC Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (46) ◽  
pp. 28535-28541
Author(s):  
Peng Wang ◽  
Mingzhi Wang ◽  
Jianqiao Lu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Carbon Spheres ◽  
Molten Carbonate ◽  
Electrochemical Conversion ◽  
Molten Carbonates

CO2 is indirectly converted into carbon nanotubes, carbon spheres and honeycomb carbon in the molten carbonate electrolyte. This research is helpful to alleviate global climate change and is of great significance to the realization of sustainable development of mankind.

scholarly journals 17.D. Workshop: Healthier populations through addressing environmental health topics and the SDGs

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Environmental Health ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
World Health ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
The World

Abstract The strategic priority of promoting healthier populations with 1 billion more people enjoying better health and well-being as expressed in the General Programme of Work (GPW) 13 by the World Health Organization (WHO) emphasizes the need of multisectoral action to address the social and environmental determinants of health including climate change. WHO data from 2016 show that approximately one quarter of the global burden of disease are caused by known avoidable environmental risks to health, with at least 12.6 million premature deaths every year. Out of this total, 7 million deaths a year are attributable to both ambient and household air pollution, placing it among the top global preventable health risks. As human influence on the environment continues to grow, global environmental challenges will escalate, including climate change and rapid urbanization. Many of the resulting risks exacerbate disease and injuries, while impacting our quality of life, reducing our productivity, and weighing on our health systems. The global endorsement of the sustainable development agenda with its Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) provides a clear signal that the world expects greater cohesion between people and the planet, with benefits for health and health equity. More sustainable ways of functioning go hand in hand with creating healthier and more sustainable environments, with enhanced focus on prevention through action on the root causes of disease. The SDGs set a broad agenda to advance health and equity by 2030. Health is centrally positioned within the SDGs, with SDG 3 - Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all ages. However, achieving this goal means more than just improving health care. It involves action in key economic development sectors, like housing and transport, as well as in the settings where people live and work in cities and rural areas. These areas are covered by SDGs such as: Achieving Affordable and Clean Energy (SDG 7), Sustainable Cities and Communities (SDG 11), and Climate action (SDG 13). Progress on these SDGs will not only significantly reduce but also support primary prevention of some of the world's most serious disease threats - including heart and lung diseases, cancers, stroke, injuries, and more. At the workshop different topics and tools that support the achievement of WHOs one billion goal of achieving healthier populations and through this the SDGs will be discussed. Key messages By addressing environmental health risks through progress on SDGs supports also the 1 billion goal to achieve healthier populations. Multisectoral action and turning this action into everyday practice is needed to support achieving the SDGs and the 1 billion goal of WHO.

scholarly journals Combating global challenges – climate change, biodiversity loss and poverty simultaneously: Unachievable goal or the only way forward?

2021 ◽  
Vol 129 ◽  
pp. 09022
Author(s):  
Denis Vasiliev
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Anthropogenic Activity ◽  
Climate Mitigation ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Global Heating

Research background: Globally climate action is gaining momentum. Most significant players on global political arena including the US, the EU and China are actively engaging in addressing the problem of climate change. Sustainable development agenda implies the need to simultaneously reduce harmful impacts of anthropogenic activity on natural ecosystems, reduce poverty and combat global heating. However, when pursuing these three targets often complicated trade-offs emerge. These trade-offs are especially pronounced when competing land-uses are considered. Recent global assessments suggest that the world is failing to slow down biodiversity loss, poverty is going to soar in the nearest future, and global heating is likely to reach temperature limit. All these problems need to be addressed in nearest few decades. The task may seem overwhelming, especially without a clear roadmap. Purpose of the article: The aim of this study is to critically evaluate approaches to climate mitigation, detect trade-offs and synergies with biodiversity conservation and poverty alleviation goals and find the optimal strategies capable to resolve all these problems together. Methods: Conceptual research approach - theory adaptation was used. Findings & Value added: Findings of present study suggest that in order to achieve sustainable development only climate actions that benefit biodiversity conservation should be implemented. In case biodiversity is supported by global initiatives it is likely that poverty will be reduced due to sustained provision of ecosystem services, underpinning human wellbeing. Policy recommendations are provided that could help tailoring climate actions to support biodiversity conservation and reduce poverty.

scholarly journals Strategies for Creative Tourism Activities in Pandemic Contexts: The Case of the ‘Saídas de Mestre’ Project

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 10654
Author(s):  
Noemi Marujo ◽  
Maria do Rosário Borges ◽  
Jaime Serra ◽  
Rosa Coelho
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Small Towns ◽  
Intangible Cultural Heritage ◽  
International Level ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
The Subject

The development of creative tourism in small towns in rural areas has been the subject of growing interest and research from different perspectives. As part of the national CREATOUR project, which took place in Portugal over about four years, various organisations with relevant activity in the cultural aspect of creative tourism were analysed, constituting a successful reference at a national and international level. However, since mid-2020, the health crisis owing to the pandemic made it necessary to reflect and work under new circumstances for tourism, in contexts not previously planned for, and at the same time as continuing to champion sustainable development. It is in this context that the present study emerges, the aim of which is to identify organizations’ strategies for adaptation within the scope of creative tourism activities in a pandemic situation. This empirical approach is anchored in the case study of the activities of the ‘Saídas de Mestre’ project based on intangible cultural heritage, using in-depth analysis of strategies developed to mitigate the effects of supply and demand constraints. The results show that there was no disintegration of the supply structure, as planned, due to the fact that creative activities are based on the valorisation of the principles of sustainable development and, therefore, depend on endogenous resources and local agents, who remained accessible.

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