scholarly journals Food consumption and winter mortality in bee colonies wintering in hives made from different materials with lattice and solid bottom

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 272-275
Author(s):  
I. Zhelyazkova ◽  
S. Lazarov
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Winter Hardiness ◽  
Winter Mortality ◽  
Active Season ◽  
Bee Colonies

Abstract. The objective of the present study is to examine the changes in some indicators characterizing the winter hardiness of bee colonies settled in hives made of different material (polystyrene, wood, ceramics) and with different type of bottom (lattice or solid). Some parameters which characterize the wintering of bee colonies (amount of dead bees and quantity of food consumption in winter) have been investigated. The bee colonies were housed in 10-frame Dadant Blatt hives with a lattice and solid bottom situated at the Training Apiary of the Faculty of Agriculture, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria. Two inspections of the bee colonies were carried out (during wintering in November 2020 and at the beginning of the active season in March 2021). Amount of bees in the bee hive (strength) and amount of capped honey in the honeycombs were reported. In bee colonies wintering in hives with a lattice bottom, the consumption of food per 1 kg of bees was 1.639 kg (50%) higher than in hives with a solid bottom. Winter mortality of bees in hives with a lattice bottom was higher compared to this indicator in the hives with a solid bottom, 16.19±10.72% and 12.59±3.57%, respectively, which can be considered excellent wintering below 15% and good wintering in the range of 15.0-19.99%.

scholarly journals Suitability of Starch Syrups for Winter Feeding of Honeybee Colonies

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Semkiw ◽  
Piotr Skubida
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Sugar Syrup ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Spring Flow ◽  
Bee Colonies ◽  
Honey Yield ◽  
Winter Feeding

AbstractThree different starch syrups available on the Polish market for winter feeding of bees were evaluated for two consecutive beekeeping seasons (2012/2013 and 2013/2014). Sugar syrup and inverted sucrose syrup were used as the control. Winter feeding was conducted at two times: earlier and later in the season. After supplementation of winter feeding was stopped, we measured colony strength (number of combs covered by bees) and brood area. After overwintering (spring 2013 and 2014), we estimated the influence of these foods on: bee mortality during overwintering (number of dead bees in winter debris), food consumption, colony strength and brood area in spring (two measurements in three-week intervals), development dynamics and honey yield from spring flow. An analysis of the results for the parameters assessed before overwintering, after its end and during spring development did not show significant differences between bee colonies fed with different types of food. No relevant difficulties concerning food crystallisation were encountered. The analysed syrups turned out to be as suitable for winter feeding of bees as sugar and inverted sucrose syrups.

scholarly journals Polyphenols as Food Supplement Improved Food Consumption and Longevity of Honey Bees (Apis mellifera) Intoxicated by Pesticide Thiacloprid

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 572
Author(s):  
Marian Hýbl ◽  
Petr Mráz ◽  
Jan Šipoš ◽  
Irena Hoštičková ◽  
Andrea Bohatá ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome P450 ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Food Supplement ◽  
Cytochrome P450 Enzyme ◽  
P450 Gene ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Bee Colonies

Malnutrition is one of the main problems related to the global mass collapse of honey bee colonies, because in honey bees, malnutrition is associated with deterioration of the immune system and increased pesticide susceptibility. Another important cause of mass bee colonies losses is the use of pesticides. Therefore, the goal of this study was to verify the influence of polyphenols on longevity, food consumption, and cytochrome P450 gene expression in worker bees intoxicated by thiacloprid. The tests were carried out in vitro under artificial conditions (caged bees). A conclusively lower mortality rate and, in parallel, a higher average food intake, were observed in intoxicated bees treated using a mixture of phenolic acids and flavonoids compared to untreated intoxicated bees. This was probably caused by increased detoxification capacity caused by increased expression level of genes encoding the cytochrome P450 enzyme in the bees. Therefore, the addition of polyphenols into bee nutrition is probably able to positively affect the detoxification capacity of bees, which is often reduced by the impact of malnutrition resulting from degradation of the environment and common beekeeping management.

scholarly journals Different energetic diets affect the maintenance of Apis mellifera L. colonies during off-season

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Pinto de Oliveira ◽  
Samir Moura Kadri ◽  
Bruno Giovane Emilio Benaglia ◽  
Paulo Eduardo Martins Ribolla ◽  
Ricardo de Oliveira Orsi
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Sugarcane Juice ◽  
Population Development ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Relative Expression ◽  
Sugar Syrup ◽  
Bee Colonies

AbstractThe aim of this study wasto evaluate the best energetic foodforuse in the maintenance of honey bee colonies during the off-season. To do this, 20Apis mellifera beehives were used(with five beehives per treatment): CTL,control (without feeding); SJ,sugarcane juice; SS,sugar syrup; and IS,inverted sugar. We evaluated the food consumption, population development, and physiological state (expression of vitellogenin and hexamerin 70agenes)of eachcolony.The results showed that the supplementation of colonieswith sugar syrup resulted in an intermediateconsumption and thebetter development of the colony.In addition, this diet ensured that the colonies were in a good physiological state,as beesfed this diet presentedthe highest relative expression levels of vitellogenin and hexamerin 70ameasuredamong all thediets tested.Therefore, sugar syrup was concluded to be the best artificial energetic food for use in thesupplementation of honey bee colonies during the off-season.

scholarly journals Evaluation of utility and biological traits of a Carniolan honeybee line

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
Dorota Kołodziejczyk ◽  
◽  
Stanisław Socha ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Traits ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Winter Hardiness ◽  
Biological Characteristics ◽  
Biological Traits ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Research Material ◽  
Swarming Behavior ◽  
Bee Colonies ◽  
Honey Yield

The aim of the study was to analyze the functional and biological characteristics of the Carniolian breed of the Bielka 1 line. The research material consisted of queens subjected to stationary evaluation in ten consecutive feed seasons (2009–2018). The analysis covered such features as: honey yield, winter hardiness, spring development, swarming behavior and the behavior of bees indicating their mildness or malignancy. A statistically significant or highly significant influence of the year of evaluation was found on all the analyzed functional traits of the Bielka 1 line Carniolian bees. The bees of this line were characterized by a very good honey yield. There were positive and significant correlations between this feature and the others. No significant relationships were observed between the behavior of the Bielka 1 bees and their tendency to swarm and spring development. The bees were characterized by good winter hardiness, creating strong colonies and dynamic spring development. The good qualities of the bee colonies of this line are calm and gentleness. Moreover, they are characterized by low swarming behavior and usually received maximum scores for this feature. The Bielka 1 line can be useful in large apiaries focused on intensive production, but also in home, amateur apiaries.

scholarly journals Influence of conditions of keeping bee families in wintering on their productivity

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (95) ◽  
pp. 141-146
Author(s):  
V. Hrabarivska
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Summer Period ◽  
Active Season ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Bee Colonies ◽  
Experimental Group

Creating favorable conditions for the development of bee colonies, adherence to technological techniques and processes are of great importance in increasing productivity. The article highlights the results of research on the impact of increased subframe space during the wintering of bee colonies on their further development and productivity. In the course of the research, bee colonies were evaluated on the basis of a set of economically useful traits. For research, 2 groups of bee colonies were identified, 10 in each, equivalent in strength and food security, with young fertile queens bred in the same year. The formation of experimental groups took into account the strength of bee colonies, the number of closed brood, the age of the queens, the availability of feed (honey and perga), and the quality of nest cells. These indicators in the experimental groups were almost the same. When preparing bee colonies for winter, the frames in the families of the control group were in the center of the hive, removed the top insulation and unscrewed the sheets by 5–7 sm in the experimental group performed the same actions as in the control winters substituted empty store extensions, thus increasing the subframe space. During the research, honey and wax productivity, strength of families in different periods of the active season and winter hardiness were determined. It was found that bees kept in the hives with increased subframe space, in which 76.1 % less plague was detected, compared with the control group, tolerate wintering well. These families are developing more intensively in the spring and summer period – the advantage in strength was 25.8 % in April, 31.4 % in May, and 31.6 % in June. And further they show higher honey and wax productivity by 24.9 and 32.1 %, respectively.

scholarly journals The Exposure of Honey Bees to Pesticide Residues in the Hive Environment with Regard to Winter Colony Losses

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krystyna Pohorecka ◽  
Teresa Szczęsna ◽  
Monika Witek ◽  
Artur Miszczak ◽  
Piotr Sikorski
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bees ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Winter Mortality ◽  
Colony Losses ◽  
Similar Frequency ◽  
Bee Bread ◽  
Colony Survival ◽  
Bee Colonies

Abstract The present studies are the second part of the research project dedicated to finding the causes for increased winter mortality of honey bee colonies. The aim of this task was to investigate incidents of overwintered colonies′ death with regard to the potential interrelation to the exposure to pesticides. The samples of winter stores of bee bread and sugar food (honey or syrup processed by bees), beeswax and bees collected from apiaries with low and high rates of winter colony mortality were searched for acaricides used to control V. destructor and plant protection pesticides. The presence of acaricides used in apiculture has been detected in the 51% beeswax samples. The most abundant acaricide was tau-fluvalinate. The stores of bee bread and sugar food had a similar frequency of plant protection pesticide occurrence, ranging between 50-60%, but the number of active substances and their concentrations were substantially lower in sugar food samples. The most prevalent pesticides in pollen were fungicides (carbendazim and boscalid) and insecticides (acetamiprid and thiacloprid). Only a few pesticides were found in the several dead honey bees. The level of pesticide contamination (frequency, concentration, toxicity) of hive products and bees originating from apiaries with both a high and low winter colony survival rates, was similar, which created a similar extent of risk. Although the multiple varroacides and pesticides were present in the hive environment we not found unequivocal links between their residues and high winter colony mortality.

Influence of Maternal Education on Food Consumption and Energy and Nutrient Intake in a Group of Pre-School Children from Madrid

2003 ◽  
Vol 73 (6) ◽  
pp. 439-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Navia ◽  
Ortega ◽  
Requejo ◽  
Perea ◽  
López-Sobaler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
School Children ◽  
Food Habits ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Dietary Adequacy ◽  
Consumption Energy ◽  
Maternal Educational Level ◽  
Energy And Nutrient Intake

A study was conducted on the influence of maternal education level on food consumption, energy and nutrient intake, and dietary adequacy in 110 pre-school children from Madrid, Spain. With increasing maternal education, children consumed more sugar (p < 0.05), fruit (p < 0.05), and fish (p < 0.05). Snacking was more frequent with decreasing maternal education (p < 0.05). Though statistical significance was not reached, the consumption of pre-cooked foods was greater among children of mothers educated to a higher level, a phenomenon probably related to the work situation of these women. With respect to dietary composition, no significant differences were found between groups for macronutrient, fiber and energy intakes, except for energy supplied by polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), which was greater in the children of less educated women (p < 0.01). This is probably due to their greater consumption of sunflower seed oil. The diets of children belonging to well-educated mothers came closer to meeting the recommended intakes for folate, vitamin C, and iodine. It would seem that maternal educational level influences the food habits of children. Mothers with less education may require special advice in this area.

Men’s Hunger, Food Consumption, and Preferences for Female Body Types

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 495-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Guéguen
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Female Body ◽  
The Body ◽  
Slender Body ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Point Scale ◽  
Body Type ◽  
Experimental Conditions

Nelson and Morrison (2005 , study 3) reported that men who feel hungry preferred heavier women. The present study replicates these results by using real photographs of women and examines the mediation effect of hunger scores. Men were solicited while entering or leaving a restaurant and asked to report their hunger on a 10-point scale. Afterwards, they were presented with three photographs of a woman in a bikini: One with a slim body type, one with a slender body type, and one with a slightly chubby body. The participants were asked to indicate their preference. Results showed that the participants entering the restaurant preferred the chubby body type more while satiated men preferred the thinner or slender body types. It was also found that the relation between experimental conditions and the choices of the body type was mediated by men’s hunger scores.

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