scholarly journals Social Change, Dress and Identity

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-186
Author(s):  
Ágnes Fülemile
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Urban Context ◽  
Traditional System ◽  
Peasant Communities ◽  
Life Paths ◽  
Individual Decisions ◽  
Dress And Identity ◽  
High Level

The article, based on extensive ethnographic fieldwork, studies the process of the disintegration of the traditional system of peasant costume in the 20th century in Hungary in the backdrop of its socio-historic context. There is a focused attention on the period during socialism from the late 1940s to the end of the Kádár era, also called Gulyás communism. In the examined period, the wearing and abandonment of folk costume in local peasant communities was primarily characteristic of women and an important part of women’s competence and decision-making. There was an age group that experienced the dichotomy of peasant heritage and the realities of socialist modernisation as a challenge in their own lifetime – which they considered a great watershed. The author interviewed both the last stewards of tradition who continued wearing costume for the rest of their lives and those who pioneered and implemented changes and abandoned peasant costume in favor of urban dress. The liminal period of change, the character and logic of the processes and motivations behind decision-making were still accessible in memory, and current dressing practices and the folklorism phenomena of the “afterlife” of costume could still be studied in real life. The study shows that costume was the focus point of women’s aspirations, attention, and life organization, and how the life paths of strong female personalities were articulated around clothing. It also reveals that there was a high level of self-awareness and strong emotional attachment in individual relationships to clothing in the rural context, similar to – or perhaps even exceeding – the fashion-conscious, individualized urban context. Examining the role of fashion, modernization, and individual decisions and attitudes in traditional clothing systems is an approach that bridges the mostly distinct study of folk costume and the problematics of dress and fashion history research.

scholarly journals Habits as action sequences: hierarchical action control and changes in outcome value

2014 ◽  
Vol 369 (1655) ◽  
pp. 20130482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Dezfouli ◽  
Nura W. Lingawi ◽  
Bernard W. Balleine
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Neural Structure ◽  
Action Sequence ◽  
Action Sequences ◽  
Directed Action ◽  
Sequence Boundaries ◽  
High Level ◽  
Step Over ◽  
Two Sides

Goal-directed action involves making high-level choices that are implemented using previously acquired action sequences to attain desired goals. Such a hierarchical schema is necessary for goal-directed actions to be scalable to real-life situations, but results in decision-making that is less flexible than when action sequences are unfolded and the decision-maker deliberates step-by-step over the outcome of each individual action. In particular, from this perspective, the offline revaluation of any outcomes that fall within action sequence boundaries will be invisible to the high-level planner resulting in decisions that are insensitive to such changes. Here, within the context of a two-stage decision-making task, we demonstrate that this property can explain the emergence of habits. Next, we show how this hierarchical account explains the insensitivity of over-trained actions to changes in outcome value. Finally, we provide new data that show that, under extended extinction conditions, habitual behaviour can revert to goal-directed control, presumably as a consequence of decomposing action sequences into single actions. This hierarchical view suggests that the development of action sequences and the insensitivity of actions to changes in outcome value are essentially two sides of the same coin, explaining why these two aspects of automatic behaviour involve a shared neural structure.

The Role of Smart Technologies to Support Citizen Engagement and Decision Making

2022 ◽  
pp. 687-703
Author(s):  
Gabriela Viale Pereira ◽  
Gregor Eibl ◽  
Constantinos Stylianou ◽  
Gilberto Martínez ◽  
Haris Neophytou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Social Media Data ◽  
Life Problems ◽  
Smart Technologies ◽  
High Level ◽  
Media Data

Smart government relies both on the application of digital technologies to enable citizen's participation in order to achieve a high level of citizen centricity and on data-driven decision making in order to improve the quality of life of citizens. Data-driven decisions in turn depend on accessible and reliable datasets, which open government and social media data are likely to promise. The SmartGov project uses digital technologies by integrating open and social media data in Fuzzy Cognitive Maps to model real life problems and simulate different scenarios leading to better decision making. This research performed a multiple-case analysis in two pilot cities. Both municipalities use the technologies to find the best routes: Limassol to improve the garbage collection and Quart de Poblet to improve the walking routes of chaperones guiding children to school. The article proposes a generic framework for Smart City Governance focusing on the inputs and outcomes of this process in the use of technologies for policy making built based on the analysis of the SmartGov.

Towards Organizational Self-Awareness

2011 ◽  
pp. 101-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marielba Zacarias ◽  
Rodrigo Magalhaes ◽  
Artur Caetano ◽  
H. Sofia Pinto ◽  
Jose Tribolet
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Effective Action ◽  
Learning Processes ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
High Level Modeling ◽  
High Level ◽  
Essential Prerequisite ◽  
Action Decision

Human beings are, by nature, self-aware beings. This capacity lets us know who we are, how we do things, and what we (and others) are doing at any particular moment. In organizations, self-awareness is an essential prerequisite for effective action, decision-making, and learning processes. However, it must be built and maintained by continuous interactions among their members. This chapter lays out the foundations of a comprehensive high-level modeling framework as a means for enhancing organizational self-awareness. The modeling framework encompasses an architecture and ontology, which puts together human, social, and organizational approaches with modeling frameworks coming from the computer sciences and IS/IT fields. The proposed approach is illustrated with two example applications which use the finer-grained concepts of the framework. An analysis of the implications of this approach and issues to be addressed is provided.

scholarly journals A Collaborative Stakeholder Decision-Making Approach for Sustainable Urban Logistics

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Semanjski ◽  
Sidharta Gautama
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Route Planning ◽  
Traffic Sign ◽  
Suggested Approach ◽  
Local Contexts ◽  
Local Stakeholders ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
High Level

Cities strongly rely on efficient urban logistics to ensure their attractiveness, quality of life, and economic development. In the same time, they strive to ensure livable and safe environments around its road network, where the increased presence of light and heavy goods vehicles raises questions of regarding safety and environmental impacts. Recent literature has well-recognized the need to consider different stakeholders’ perspectives on these issues, in order to achieve desired outcomes. In this paper, we introduce a collaborative stakeholders’ decision-making approach for sustainable urban logistics, and demonstrate its applicability on a real-life example. The suggested approach extends existing route planning approaches by considering route sustainability as a part of an arc’s traversal cost. The integration of route sustainability is based on the adoption of a multi-criterial decision-making approach, with the possibility of including different stakeholders’ points of view, and evaluating the sustainability cost concerning the route’s spatial context. To demonstrate the applicability of the suggested approach, we extract the route sustainability cost from the traffic sign database, and implement the findings on a real-life example. Furthermore, the suggested approach exhibits a high level of transferability to various local contexts, where local stakeholders might have a different view on the route sustainability than is the case in our example.

scholarly journals The Business Transformation Framework and Enterprise Architecture Framework for Managers in Business Innovation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-181
Author(s):  
Antoine Trad
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Enterprise Architecture ◽  
Financial Analysis ◽  
Applied Mathematics ◽  
Journal Article ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Development Environment ◽  
Business Transformation ◽  
Enterprise Architecture Framework ◽  
High Level

This journal article proposes a cross-business domain applied holistic mathematical model (AHMM) that is the result of a lifetime long research on business transformations, applied mathematics, software modelling, business engineering, financial analysis, and global enterprise architecture. This ultimate research is based on an authentic and proprietary mixed research method that is supported by an underlining mainly qualitative holistic reasoning model module. The proposed AHMM formalism attempts to mimic some functions of the human brain, which uses empirical processes that are mainly based on the beam-search, like heuristic decision-making process. The AHMM can be used to implement a decision-making system or an expert system that can integrate in the enterprise's business, information and communication technology environments. The AHMM uses a behaviour driven development environment or a natural language environment that can be easily adopted by the project's development teams. The AHMM offers a high level implementation environment that can be used by any team member without any prior computer sciences qualification. The AHMM can be used also to model enterprise architecture (EA) blueprints, business transformation projects, or knowledge management systems; it is supported by many real-life cases of various business domains. The uniqueness of this research is that the AHMM promotes a holistic unbundling process, the alignment of various EA standards and transformation strategies to support business transformation projects.

Abstract 253: Abstract: Self-advocacy in the Diagnostic Process Among Emergency Department Patients: A Qualitative Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Emille C Bondal ◽  
Mariel Villanueva ◽  
Kelly T Gleason
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Emergency Department ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Diagnostic Process ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Self Advocacy ◽  
Emergency Department Patients ◽  
High Level ◽  
Health Situation

Background: Evidence suggests that including the patient in the decision-making process leads to better health outcomes. The objective of this qualitative study is to explore barriers and facilitators to self-advocacy among patients during the diagnostic process in the emergency department (ED). Methods: ED patients (n=16) completed 15-30 minute semi-structured phone interviews 2 weeks to 3 months following an ED visit. Patients were eligible who had at least one chief complaint linked to common, dangerous cardiovascular conditions that are often misdiagnosed (chest pain, dizziness, headache, abdominal pain, and/or cough). Interviews were transcribed verbatim and coded by two independent reviewers using an inductive thematic analysis approach. Findings: The participants’ average age was 51 years-old (range 26-73 years-old). 62.5% of participants identified their race as White, 37.5% Black or African American, and 6.2% Asian. Interviews centered on the patients’ experience with the diagnostic process in the ED, including expectations, communication with clinical care team, and satisfaction and understanding of follow-up plans. The analysis revealed three common themes: (1) Doctors perceived as having total authority. Patients voiced that they must do as prescribed and not question the explanation given for their health problems by the doctors, who were the experts. (2) Satisfaction without a thorough assessment. Patients reported an acceptance of being “rushed” from the ED without thorough diagnosis or explanation because they expect doctors to be busy. Patients are satisfied with being told their diagnosis is unknown but not life-threatening. (3) Patients reported a high-level of self-awareness of their baseline health status, and used their intuition to seek medical care. Three of the sixteen patients reported developing a dangerous cardiovascular condition, including a stroke and a venous thromboembolism, after discharge that potentially could have been identified in the ED. They each reported a self-awareness that a dangerous health situation may be developing, but a trust in providers’ decision-making to discharge them. Conclusions: The interviews shared common themes of reduced self-advocacy in the setting of the ED and trust in providers’ opinions over patients’ own intuition. In three cases, patients reported developing a dangerous cardiovascular condition shortly after discharge that may have been identified earlier with increased self-advocacy.Implications for Practice: The fast-paced ED system may exacerbate patient vulnerability and impede their willingness to assert themselves. Empowering patients to provide input in the diagnostic process may contribute valuable information that leads to more accurate diagnoses.

Radiological safety and assessment of the performance of X-ray systems in veterinary facilities

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Economides ◽  
C.J. Hourdakis ◽  
C. Pafilis ◽  
G. Simantirakis ◽  
P. Tritakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Radiation Protection ◽  
Atomic Energy Commission ◽  
Atomic Energy ◽  
Regulatory Control ◽  
Continuous Training ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Public ◽  
Radiological Safety ◽  
High Level

This paper concerns an analysis regarding the performance of X-ray equipment as well as the radiological safety in veterinary facilities. Data were collected from 380 X-ray veterinary facilities countrywide during the on-site regulatory inspections carried out by the Greek Atomic Energy Commission. The analysis of the results shows that the majority of the veterinary radiographic systems perform within the acceptable limits; moreover, the design and shielding of X-ray rooms as well as the applied procedures ensure a high level of radiological safety for the practitioners, operators and the members of the public. An issue that requires specific attention in the optimization process for the proper implementation of veterinary radiology practices in terms of radiological safety is the continuous training of the personnel. The above findings and the regulatory experience gained were valuable decision-making elements regarding the type of the regulatory control of veterinary radiology practices in the new radiation protection framework.

Decision making power of college girls in relation to clothing

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Parul Gill ◽  
Poonam Malik ◽  
Pankaj Gill
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Satisfaction Level ◽  
College Going ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
High Level ◽  
Garment Design ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

The present study was undertaken to explore the decision making patterns of college girls in relation to clothing and their satisfaction level with these decision making patterns. Thirty under graduate college girls from Panipat city were approached to record their responses regarding decision making in relation to clothing and satisfaction level through a well structured questionnaire. It was found that most of the girls (56.66%) themselves made the decisions about the type of garment (Indian, western or both) they wear and majority of girls (70%) were highly satisfied with this decision making. Parents performed the role of buyers for their college going daughters' garments in most of the cases (63.33%) and the 73.33% girls had high level of satisfaction with this. In most of the cases (60%) the decision about the garment design was made by the girls themselves and they were highly satisfied with it. Keywords: clothing, college, girls, decision making.

scholarly journals EXPRESS: Marketers Project Their Personal Preferences onto Consumers: Overcoming the Threat of Egocentric Decision Making

2021 ◽  
pp. 002224372199837
Author(s):  
Walter Herzog ◽  
Johannes D. Hattula ◽  
Darren W. Dahl
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Pilot Studies ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Marketing Managers ◽  
False Consensus Effect ◽  
False Consensus ◽  
High Level

This research explores how marketing managers can avoid the so-called false consensus effect—the egocentric tendency to project personal preferences onto consumers. Two pilot studies were conducted to provide evidence for the managerial importance of this research question and to explore how marketing managers attempt to avoid false consensus effects in practice. The results suggest that the debiasing tactic most frequently used by marketers is to suppress their personal preferences when predicting consumer preferences. Four subsequent studies show that, ironically, this debiasing tactic can backfire and increase managers’ susceptibility to the false consensus effect. Specifically, the results suggest that these backfire effects are most likely to occur for managers with a low level of preference certainty. In contrast, the results imply that preference suppression does not backfire but instead decreases false consensus effects for managers with a high level of preference certainty. Finally, the studies explore the mechanism behind these results and show how managers can ultimately avoid false consensus effects—regardless of their level of preference certainty and without risking backfire effects.

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