scholarly journals Effectiveness of a Hungarian peer education handwashing programme in primary and secondary schools

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZS. Molnár ◽  
L. Varga ◽  
G. Gyenes ◽  
Á. Lehotsky ◽  
E. Gradvohl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peer Education ◽  
Education Programme ◽  
Paediatric Population ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
After School ◽  
Theoretical Knowledge ◽  
School Students ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Significant Difference

AbstractPurposeProper handwashing helps prevent the spread of communicable diseases. The aim of our study was to analyse and compare children's knowledge and skills in hand hygiene before and after school interventions in order to evaluate the effectiveness of our peer education programme.Materials/methodsIn our longitudinal study, short- and long-term changes in the knowledge, hand-washing skills and health behaviour of 224 lower, upper and secondary school students were assessed. Our measurements were performed with a self-administered, anonymous questionnaire and the Semmelweis Scanner.ResultsAs a result of the intervention, the proportion of correct answers increased significantly both in the short term and in the long run compared to the input measurements, but age differences did not disappear for most variables. There is a difference in the process of learning theoretical knowledge and practical skills. Areas not used for handwashing in the paediatric population are different from those described for adults in the literature. There was no significant difference between the mean scores of the right and left hands.ConclusionsThere was a significant positive change in both theory and practice of handwashing. In education, emphasis should also be put on long-term retention of theoretical knowledge in age-specific health promotion programmes within the paediatric population.

scholarly journals Stigma and attitudes on epilepsy a study: with secondary school students

2007 ◽  
Vol 65 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 49-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brenda A. Reno ◽  
Paula T. Fernandes ◽  
Gail S. Bell ◽  
Josemir W. Sander ◽  
Li M. Li
Keyword(s):  
Epileptic Seizure ◽  
Pairwise Comparison ◽  
Control Group ◽  
First Year ◽  
School Students ◽  
Lecture Method ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Appropriate Education ◽  
Difference Test

PURPOSE: To evaluate whether an inappropriate attitude towards a person having an epileptic seizure contributes to the stigma found in society and whether an appropriate attitude helps to diminish it in the short term; to perform a long term investigation about information remembered and stigma perception after an educational lecture. METHOD: This study was performed in two steps: Step 1. Students of first year of high school of two schools in Campinas completed a questionnaire including the Stigma Scale of Epilepsy following a seizure demonstration. They were divided into three groups: a) one group had a demonstration of proper attitudes towards someone having an epileptic seizure; b) one group was shown incorrect procedures; c) control group. After the completion of the questionnaire, an educational lecture about epilepsy was given. Step 2: six months later, the questionnaire was re-administered. RESULTS: The comparison between the four groups (step 1 and step 2) show a significant difference (Anova (3,339)=2.77; p=0.042). Pairwise comparison using Fisher's Least-Significant-Difference Test showed a significant difference between the group shown incorrect procedures (step 1) versus step 2, and the control group (step 1) versus step 2, but no difference between the group shown correct procedures (step 1) versus step 2. DISCUSSION: Exhibiting proper attitudes towards a person experiencing an epileptic seizure may cause significant differences among the subjects’ degrees of stigma towards people with epilepsy. It is therefore fundamental that there should be de-stigmatization campaigns provided, to correct information and provide appropriate education.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Peer Education Project in secondary schools

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carin Eisenstein ◽  
Victoria Zamperoni ◽  
Neil Humphrey ◽  
Jessica Deighton ◽  
Miranda Wolpert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Peer Education ◽  
Education Programme ◽  
Peer Educators ◽  
School Students ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Education Project ◽  
Key Skills ◽  
Key Terms

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to determine the efficacy of the Peer Education Project (PEP), a school-based, peer-led intervention designed to support secondary school students to develop the skills and knowledge they need to safeguard their mental health and that of their peers. Design/methodology/approach Six schools from across England and the Channel Islands took part in an evaluation of the PEP across the 2016/2017 academic year. In total, 45 trained peer educators from the sixth form and 455 Year 7 students completed pre- and post-questionnaires assessing their emotional and behavioural difficulties, perceived school climate, and knowledge, skills and confidence related to mental health. Findings Results indicate that participation in the PEP is associated with significant improvement in key skills among both peer educators and student trainees, and in understanding of key terms and readiness to support others among trainees. Most students would recommend participation in the programme to other students. Originality/value While peer education has been found to be effective in some areas of health promotion, research on the effectiveness of peer-led mental health education programmes in schools is limited. This study contributes evidence around the efficacy of a new peer education programme that can be implemented in secondary schools.

AIDS and sex education for young people in China

2001 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Gao ◽  
Z. Z. Lu ◽  
R. Shi ◽  
X. Y. Sun ◽  
Y. Cai
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Peer Education ◽  
Education Programme ◽  
Sexual Attitude ◽  
School Students ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies ◽  
Unplanned Pregnancies ◽  
China Today

Although China has had a rich sexual culture for thousands of years, Chinese people are usually unwilling to openly discuss issues of sex. Some parents are quite ignorant of the change in their children’s sexual attitude and behaviour. In China today, adolescents are becoming much more sexually liberated. Premarital sex and unplanned pregnancies among teenagers are increasing. Sexually transmitted diseases (STD) including HIV/AIDS are also spreading rapidly. However, young people lack basic information on AIDS/STD and do not know how to protect themselves from these diseases or how to avoid unintended pregnancies. Several major youth peer education programmes in China are mentioned in this paper. Among them, a four-year programme entitled the Australian–Chinese AIDS/STD/Safer Sex Peer Education Programme for Youth, is discussed in some detail. The programme has so far reached over 40000 university and school students. Evaluation results show that the programme is effective in both significantly increasing students’ knowledge about AIDS/STDs and changing their attitude towards AIDS patients. In addition, the programme is highly praised by the students.

scholarly journals P48 The puppet prescriber or custodian of the NHS purse: are patients really at the centre of what we do?

Rheumatology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liz Smith ◽  
Satyapal Rangaraj ◽  
Samundeeswari Deepak ◽  
Nicola Camina
Keyword(s):  
Cost Saving ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Paediatric Population ◽  
Market Place ◽  
Long Term Conditions ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Negative Comments ◽  
Collaborative Working ◽  
High Level

Abstract Background Biologic therapies have revolutionised the management of patients with rheumatological conditions; with considerable cost to the NHS. The switch of originators to biosimilar products was challenging. We aim to share our experience of adalimumab biosimilar switch and believe this is reflective of the challenges experienced in some other centres. The development of biosimilar aims to challenge the excesses of pharma profits by encouraging competition in the market place. Previous switches to intravenous biosimilar products had been uneventful. We were informed that the trust was implementing switch of biologics to biosimilar and later told biosimilar A was the biosimilar version allocated to us. This was a decision beyond the Trust, with NHS England deciding on the allocation. For our Trust, biosimilar A was allocated for patients weighing 30kg requiring a 40mg dose and biosimilar B allocated for patients weighing less than 30kg requiring a 20mg dose (NB: no 20mg preparation available for biosimilar A). Patients commenced on biosimilar B 20mg preparation can remain on biosimilar B and move on to its 40mg preparation once they weigh 30kg. Biosimilar A, the cheaper of the two preparations, contains preservative, citrate. Both biosimilars are double the volume of the originator biologic. Case a biologic-naïve 16 year-old patient was the first to be treated with the chosen biosimilar A, and, upon self-administrating; the patient clearly expressed a high level of pain. Following the experience with the patient the team felt that this was not an appropriate option. Methods With the feedback from the patient, rheumatology team highlighted the issues and focussed on high quality patient centred care not just focussing on the short term cost saving option but understanding that the patient engagement and compliance is cost saving in the long run. The team enquired with other specialities and regional paediatric rheumatology centres regarding their biosimilar switch. Results Liaising with the High cost pharmacy team, we successfully obtained authorisation to prescribe biosimilar B. We promptly switched the patient to biosimilar B and prescribe this now for all suitable to switch and new patients. So far there have been no negative comments or issues from the switch to the citrate free product. Conclusion It is vital that we provide an evidence based cost saving medication to treat children with long term conditions. However when new medications are being introduced, there needs to be greater consideration for the paediatric population which currently seems lacking. Collaborative working with the high cost pharmacy team, regular communications with other specialities, adult colleagues and involving the national nurse specialists group greatly benefitted us in managing this situation. More studies are required to identify patient factors involved in these scenarios. Conflicts of Interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Tuberculosis Education Programme in Kelantan, Malaysia on Knowledge, Attitude, Practice and Stigma Towards Tuberculosis among Adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 102-114
Author(s):  
Nur Aiza Idris ◽  
Rosnani Zakaria ◽  
Rosediani Muhamad ◽  
Nik Rosmawati Nik Husain ◽  
Azlina Ishak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Education Programme ◽  
Transmission Risk ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
School Students ◽  
Stigma Score ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is contagious and the transmission risk is high in congregate settings like school. Incidence of TB among adolescents is significantly high hence an education programme was developed to improve knowledge, attitude, practice and stigma (KAPS) among them. Methods: This school-based, non-randomised controlled study was conducted among secondary school students with a total of 236 respondents. The KAPS score were assessed before and 1 month after using self-administered validated KAPS questionnaire on TB. Analysis was done using repeated measures ANOVA. Results: The mean percentage score (SD) for baseline knowledge, attitude, practice and stigma score for the respondents were 54.0 (4.48), 65.6 (1.74), 70.0 (1.43) and 66.0 (6.88), respectively. There was a significant difference (P < 0.001) in the knowledge and stigma score for intervention group compared to control group, adjusted for gender, ethnicity and smoking status 4 weeks post-TB educational programme. However, with regards to attitude and practice score, there was no significant difference (P = 0.210 and P = 0.243, respectively). Conclusion: TB education programme was effective in improving knowledge and stigma related to TB. This health education programme can be used as one of the strategies for the prevention and control of TB in schools.

scholarly journals Teachers’ Pay for Performance in the Long-Run: The Dynamic Pattern of Treatment Effects on Students’ Educational and Labour Market Outcomes in Adulthood

2020 ◽  
Vol 87 (5) ◽  
pp. 2322-2355
Author(s):  
Victor Lavy
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Pay For Performance ◽  
University Education ◽  
School Students ◽  
High Stakes ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Long Run ◽  
High School Outcomes

Abstract This article examines the dynamic effects of a teachers’ pay for performance experiment on long-term outcomes at adulthood. The program led to a gradual increase in university education of the treated high school students, reaching an increase of 0.25 years of schooling by age 28–30. The effects on employment and earnings were initially negative, coinciding with a higher rate of enrolment in university, but became positive and significant with time. These gains are largely mediated by the positive effect of the program on several high school outcomes, including quantitative and qualitative gains in the high-stakes matriculation exams.

scholarly journals Single-port versus multiport laparoscopic surgery comparing long-term patient satisfaction and cosmetic outcome

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (12) ◽  
pp. 5533-5539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Raakow ◽  
Denis Klein ◽  
Atakan Görkem Barutcu ◽  
Matthias Biebl ◽  
Johann Pratschke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Laparoscopic Surgery ◽  
Single Port ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Single Incision Laparoscopic Surgery ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Introduction Several studies and meta-analysis showed Single-port or Single-incision laparoscopic surgery (SPL) to be superior over Multiport laparoscopic surgery (MPL) mainly in terms of postoperative pain and cosmetic result. But very little is known whether these results are only a short-term effect or are persistent on the long run after SPL. We therefore evaluated and compared long-term outcomes regarding cosmesis and chronic pain after SPL and MPL. Methods We conducted a comparative study with propensity score matching of all patients undergoing SPL or MPL between October 2008 and December 2013 in terms of postoperative cosmetic results and chronic pain. Follow-up data were obtained from mailed patient questionnaires and telephone interviews. Postoperative cosmesis was assessed using the patients overall scar opinion on a 10-point scale and the Patients scale of the standardized Patient and Observer Scar assessment scale (POSAS). Chronic pain was assessed by 10-point scales for abdominal and umbilical scar pain. Results A total of 280 patients were included in the study with 188 patients (67.1%) after SPL and 92 patients (32.9%) following MPL. 141 patients (50.4%) underwent a cholecystectomy and 139 patients (49.6%) underwent an appendectomy. The mean follow-up time was 61.1 ± 19.1 months. The mean wound satisfaction assed by the overall scar and the PSOAS Patients scale score of the patients showed no significant difference between MPL and SPL. Patients after SPL reported more overall complains than after MPL (8.7% vs. 2.5%, respectively), but without statistical significance (p = 0.321). Umbilical pain scores were comparable between the two groups (1.4 ± 1.0 vs. 1.4 ± 1.0, p = 0.831). Conclusion We found no difference in long-term cosmetic outcomes after SPL and MPL. Chronic pain at the umbilical incision site was comparable on the long run.

scholarly journals Awareness of Forestry as a Career among Secondary School Students in Makurdi Metropolis, Benue State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-32
Author(s):  
E. T. Ikyaagba ◽  
A. E. Egwunatum ◽  
P. U. Ancha ◽  
M. Kongo ◽  
B. U. Origbo
Keyword(s):  
After School ◽  
School Students ◽  
Career Opportunities ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
Comprehensive Knowledge ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Inferential Analysis ◽  
Type Of School ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Course Of Study

Over the years enrolment of students in to forestry programme is always low and many of the students in forestry programme do not always choose the programme. This underpinned the need for a comprehensive knowledge about the reasons behind the low enrolment in Forestry and forestry-related disciplines, with a view to provide the needed data that will guide stakeholders in taking an informed decisions that will help in addressing the challenges that resulted in the shortage of manpower in the forestry and wildlife sector. Stratified random and purposive sampling techniques were used in the selection of secondary schools in Makurdi metropolis. A total of 195 students were selected for interview from six schools using Taro-yamane formula. Data were subjected to descriptive and inferential analysis. The study shows that 61.5% were male and majority of the students (68.2%) were within the age bracket of 11-15 years with mean age of 14 years. The students strongly agreed that they were aware of forestry as a course of study in high institutions (MWS =3.99, >3.05) and the career opportunities in forestry (MWS =3.67, >3.05). The level of students’ awareness of forestry as a course differ significantly (H=16.85 P<0.05) with type of school the students attended. Also, there was a significant difference (H=18.46, P<0.05) between the students’ level of awareness of career opportunities and types of school attended. The students’ strongly agreed that they will not choose forestry as a course of study in the high institutions because it is not their family choice (MWS =3.52, <2.95). The study recommends that parents should allow their children to choose any course of their choice instead of parents determining career choice for their children so as to enable effective study of career choices. Also government should make forestry agencies active and strong so that forestry graduates will be sure of job opportunities after school. There is need for massive public enlightenment on the importance and career opportunities in forestry.

scholarly journals The Effects of Music Listening with Play on Preference, Recognition of the Main Melody and Musical Creativity in Elementary School Students

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunyoung Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Classical Music ◽  
After School ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Music Listening ◽  
School Students ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Elementary Grade ◽  
Musical Creativity ◽  
Grade One ◽  
And Control

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a classical music listening program, namely music listening with plays, for elementary grade one students on music preference, recognition of the main melody, and musical creativity. The classical music listening program organized for this study employed various musical experiences such as singing, playing, composing and moving. The participants of this study were 61 elementary grade one students from Kyong-gi Province, Korea, who attended the classical music listening program after school. The students were divided into the two groups, experimental and control, which consisted of 31 and 30 students respectively. The experimental group participated in a music listening program with plays for 12 sessions, while the control group participated in a passive music listening program for 12 sessions. The results revealed a significant difference between the two groups in terms of preference and recognition of the main melody. Further, there was a significant difference in their musical creativity.

scholarly journals Engaging academically at risk primary school students in an ICT mediated after school program

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee Yong Tay ◽  
Cher Ping Lim
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Learning Environment ◽  
Virtual Learning Environment ◽  
After School ◽  
School Program ◽  
School Students ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
After School Program ◽  
Academically At Risk

<blockquote>This case study documents how a group of 14 academically at risk Primary 5 students (11 year olds) were engaged in academic related tasks in an after school program mediated by a <em>3-D Multi-User Virtual Environment (MUVE)</em>. Although there was no significant difference in the students' academic performance, they were found to be more engaged in the learning tasks and had acquired a range of information and communication technology (ICT) skills. At the start of the program students attended irregularly, but this improved gradually over the weeks, and other Primary 5 students were attracted to enrol in the program. The planned schedule of the after school program and the <em>3-D MUVE</em> provided the structures and online learning environment to engage these students. This paper reports on the after school program from the perspectives of the students and teachers, emphasising its context, that is, the school setting. The main finding suggests that the role of ICT has to go beyond the role of a mediating tool. It has to entice these students to be first interested in the virtual learning environment and subsequently in the content embedded within this environment. Thus ICT becomes a means to an end as well as an end by itself, in this process of engaging students. This finding has design implications especially for the use of ICT to engage academically at risk students.</blockquote><p> </p>

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