scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Tuberculosis Education Programme in Kelantan, Malaysia on Knowledge, Attitude, Practice and Stigma Towards Tuberculosis among Adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 102-114
Author(s):  
Nur Aiza Idris ◽  
Rosnani Zakaria ◽  
Rosediani Muhamad ◽  
Nik Rosmawati Nik Husain ◽  
Azlina Ishak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Education Programme ◽  
Transmission Risk ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
School Students ◽  
Stigma Score ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is contagious and the transmission risk is high in congregate settings like school. Incidence of TB among adolescents is significantly high hence an education programme was developed to improve knowledge, attitude, practice and stigma (KAPS) among them. Methods: This school-based, non-randomised controlled study was conducted among secondary school students with a total of 236 respondents. The KAPS score were assessed before and 1 month after using self-administered validated KAPS questionnaire on TB. Analysis was done using repeated measures ANOVA. Results: The mean percentage score (SD) for baseline knowledge, attitude, practice and stigma score for the respondents were 54.0 (4.48), 65.6 (1.74), 70.0 (1.43) and 66.0 (6.88), respectively. There was a significant difference (P < 0.001) in the knowledge and stigma score for intervention group compared to control group, adjusted for gender, ethnicity and smoking status 4 weeks post-TB educational programme. However, with regards to attitude and practice score, there was no significant difference (P = 0.210 and P = 0.243, respectively). Conclusion: TB education programme was effective in improving knowledge and stigma related to TB. This health education programme can be used as one of the strategies for the prevention and control of TB in schools.

scholarly journals Promoting Media Literacy Online: An Intervention on Performance and Appearance Enhancement Substances with Sport High School Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5596
Author(s):  
Federica Galli ◽  
Tommaso Palombi ◽  
Luca Mallia ◽  
Andrea Chirico ◽  
Thomas Zandonai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Media Literacy ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Literacy Intervention ◽  
Media Influence ◽  
Control Group ◽  
School Students ◽  
Health Promoting Behaviors

The outbreak of coronavirus required adjustment regarding the delivery of interventions. Media literacy interventions are necessary to help people acquire relevant skills to navigate the complexities of media communications, and to encourage health-promoting behaviors. The present study aimed to promote a media literacy intervention regarding performance and appearance enhancement substances use in sports high school students. The COVID-19 contingency allowed us to evaluate whether online sessions can effectively promote greater awareness of media influence, a stronger sense of confidence in persuading others to deal with media messages, and healthier attitudes about PAES use among high school students. The study relied on an “intervention group” comprising 162 students (31.5% female) and a “control group” comprising 158 students (42% female). Data were analyzed through repeated measures of Group X Time MANOVA and ANOVA, demonstrating some degree of efficacy of the media literacy intervention. The “intervention group” reported higher awareness of potential newspapers’ influence and a significant increase in their sense of confidence in dealing with media influence compared to the “control group”. Findings support the efficacy of online media literacy programs to prevent doping consumption in adolescents.

The effect of interactive computer play on balance and functional abilities in children with moderate cerebral palsy: a pilot randomized study

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 704-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamis W Pin ◽  
Penelope B Butler
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gross Motor ◽  
Gross Motor Function ◽  
Gross Motor Function Measure ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Function Measure

Objectives: To investigate the feasibility and potential efficacy of a six-week interactive computer play training on balance and gross motor function in children with moderate cerebral palsy. Design: A pilot single-blinded matched randomized controlled study. Setting: Community. Participants: In total, 18 children with moderate cerebral palsy were recruited, paired according to age and severity of cerebral palsy and randomized into intervention group or control group. Intervention: The intervention group received additional trunk control training using the interactive computer play in sitting four times per week, 20 minutes per session for six weeks. All study children continued their usual physiotherapy programme. Measurements: All study children were assessed at baseline, week 3, week 6 (completion of intervention) and week 12 using the Pediatric Reach Test, Gross Motor Function Measure–66-Item Set and 2-Minute Walk Test. Results: All intervention children completed and enjoyed the training with no reported adverse event. All children were assessed at all time points. No significant difference was found between the two groups in all assessments. In both groups of children, significant improvements were found in the Gross Motor Function Measure–66-Item Set between week 3 (intervention group: mean 53.41, SD 5.34; control group: mean 52.86, SD 8.33) and week 6 (intervention group: mean 55.00, SD 6.32; control group: mean 54.20, SD 8.35). Conclusion: The intervention protocol of a six-week interactive computer play training was feasible and safe for children with moderate cerebral palsy in special school settings. Future studies with larger sample sizes or using single-subject designs are recommended.

scholarly journals Music intervention affects the quality of life on Alzheimer’s disease: a meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingyan Zuo ◽  
Fengting Zhu ◽  
Rui Wang ◽  
Hongyan Shuai ◽  
Xin Yu
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Music Intervention ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Review Question ◽  
Intervention Modality ◽  
The Impact

Review question / Objective: Inclusion criteria: population: 1) A randomized controlled study on the impact of music intervention on the QOL of patients with AD; 2) The participants in this study is patients with AD; 3) There is no significant difference among age, gender and education background in sorted groups before analysis which make these groups comparable; intervention: 1)Intervention Modality Music-based intervention; comparison: 1) All data were sorted into two groups: the music intervention group and the control group without any music intervention; outcome: 1) The indicators evaluated in the literature included the score of QOL-AD or WHOQOL-BERF scale, at least one of the two scales summarized in selected publications; language: 1) Only articles published in English and Chinese were considered. Exclusion criteria: 1) The participants were not diagnosed with AD; 2) Non-musical intervention;3) Non-RCTs; 4) No specific values for outcome variables; 5) Articles lacking original data; 6) Repeat published reports; 7) Full text could not be obtained.

scholarly journals A comparison of the effectiveness of group reality therapy and positive psychotherapy on irrational beliefs and psychological hardiness in brilliant talent students

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
Safar Abdi ◽  
Tayebeh Sharifi ◽  
Ahmad Qazanfari ◽  
Kamal Solati
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Irrational Beliefs ◽  
Reality Therapy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
School Students ◽  
Positive Psychotherapy ◽  
Psychological Hardiness ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Hoc

Background and aims: Irrational beliefs in brilliant talent students can influence their psychological hardiness and lead to adverse social and academic outcomes. The present study mainly aimed to compare the effectiveness of group reality therapy and positive psychotherapy in improving the irrational beliefs and psychological hardiness of male brilliant talent high school students in Shahrekord during 2017. Methods: The present experimental research, used pretest and posttest design including intervention and control groups. The study population included all the male gifted students in Shahrekord (N=276) who were first screened and then, 60 individuals were selected by convenience random sampling. Next, the individuals were assigned a number and then divided into two experimental groups (each containing 20 students) and one control group (including 20 students) using a random number table. Afterward, group reality therapy and positive psychotherapy interventions were performed within eight and ten weeks for the experimental groups, respectively. In addition, Jones Irrational Beliefs Test (IBT) and Kobasa’s Psychological Hardiness Scale were employed to data collection. Six months after post-test implementation, the students were followed up. Finally, the data were analyzed using repeated-measures ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc test. Results: The findings revealed that group reality therapy and positive psychotherapy led to a decrease in irrational beliefs while such therapies improved psychological hardiness in brilliant talent students (P<0.001). Conversely, the results of the post-hoc test indicated no significant difference between the effects of group reality therapy and positive psychotherapy on irrational beliefs and psychological hardiness in brilliant talent students (P>0.05). Conclusion: In general, group reality therapy and positive psychotherapy reduced irrational beliefs whereas they improved psychological hardiness of the brilliant talent students and therefore, these therapies can be used as effective interventions for the intended population.

scholarly journals Pain Experience with Micro-osteoperforations during Initial Orthodontic Alignment: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 309-318
Author(s):  
Azaitun Akma Shahrin ◽  
◽  
Sarah Haniza Abdul Ghani ◽  
Noraina Hafizan Norman ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Initial Alignment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fixed Appliances

Objetive: The objective of this clinical trial was to investigate the perception of pain during initial maxillary alignment with an adjunctive procedure of micro-osteoperforations (MOPs) compared to conventional orthodontics. Material and methods: This study design was a single-centre, two-arm parallel prospective randomised clinical trial. Thirty consecutive adult subjects (25 females and 5 males; mean age ± SD, 22.66 ± 3.27 years) with 5-8mm moderate upper labial segment crowding were randomly allocated using block randomisation into intervention and control group. All subjects had first premolar extractions, bonded conventional fixed appliances and 0.014-inch nickel-titanium archwire was placed for initial alignment. The intervention group received a 3-mm deep MOPs procedure under local anaesthesia using a Propel device (PROPEL Ortho Singapore) on the labiogingival aspect between the maxillary incisors. Both groups received a set of 100 mm visual analogue scale to complete over the first week, recording pain at 24 hours, 3 days and 1 week. Data were analysed using repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: There was a statistically significant difference observed in perceived pain levels between MOPs and the control group on day 1, day 3 and day 7 postoperatively. Pain perception was significantly lower in the intervention group at all time points. Conclusion: Accelerating orthodontic tooth movement with MOPs did not accentuate pain perceived during initial maxillary alignment with fixed appliances.

scholarly journals A randomised controlled trial to evaluate a medication monitoring system for TB treatment

2022 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-49
Author(s):  
J. Acosta ◽  
P. Flores ◽  
M. Alarcón ◽  
M. Grande-Ortiz ◽  
L. Moreno-Exebio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
Tb Treatment ◽  
Significant Difference

BACKGROUND: Adherence to TB treatment and therefore treatment success could be improved using digital adherence technology.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of a medication event reminder monitor system (MERM) on treatment success and treatment adherence in patients with drug-susceptible pulmonary TB in Perú.METHODS: This was an experimental, randomised, open-label, controlled study conducted among patients in the second phase of TB treatment. The intervention group received their medications through MERM with the support of a treatment monitor, whereas the control group used the usual strategy. Participants were followed until they completed the 54 doses of the second phase of treatment.RESULTS: The study included 53 patients in each group; four in the intervention group withdrew from the study. Treatment success was significantly more frequent in the MERM group (RR 1.15, 95% CI 1.02–1.30; P = 0.0322). There was no significant difference in the adherence outcomes; however, the percentage of patients who missed at least one dose and patients with more than 10% of total doses missed were lower in the intervention group.CONCLUSION: The use of MERM in the second phase of treatment showed a significant improvement in the treatment success rate in patients with drug-susceptible pulmonary TB.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of a Snoezelen Room on Fear, Anxiety, and Satisfaction of Nulliparous Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariyam Momeni ◽  
Mansoureh Jamshidimanesh ◽  
Hadi Ranjbar
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Active Phase ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Nulliparous Women ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Interventional Group

Background: Pregnancy and childbirth are natural phenomena in a women’s life, associated with stress and anxiety, leading to adverse effects in the mother and fetus. Using complementary medicine, such as aromatherapy, music, light radiation, and aquariums in an environment that engage a person’s multiple senses can make mothers relax through mental deviations. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a Snoezelen room on fear, anxiety, and satisfaction of childbirth’s nulliparous women. Methods: This randomized clinical trial was carried out on 130 eligible women in a selected hospital affiliated to the Iran University of Medical Sciences in Tehran. One hundred thirty women were randomly assigned to the intervention (n = 65) and control (n = 65) groups using six modes blocks using the convenient sampling method. The delivery room was designed to distract women’s minds in the intervention group. Data were collected using a demographic characteristics form, Harman’s Childbirth Attitude questionnaire (CAQ), Visual Analogue scale (VAS) to measure childbirth anxiety, and the Mackey Childbirth Satisfaction Rating scale. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 16 using independent t-test, repeated measures analysis of variance, and Bonferroni and chi-square tests. Results: The results showed a significant reduction in fear in the active phase and postpartum in the intervention group compared with the control group (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively). Anxiety showed a significant difference and was lower at dilatation of 6 to 7 and 7 to 8 cm, and after childbirth in the interventional group. The satisfaction of childbirth significantly increased in the interventional group (P < 0.001). Conclusions: These results confirmed the importance of a Snoezelen room in the childbirth of nulliparous women, which can promote vaginal childbirth.

scholarly journals Effect of Problem Solving Based Group Counseling on Marital Satisfaction of Mothers with Intellectually Disabled Children: Gorgan, Iran (2016)

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1.SP) ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
Yoosefi SOMAYEH ◽  
Ziaei TAYEBE ◽  
Jalaliaria KATAYOUN ◽  
Naghinasab Ardehaee FATEMEH ◽  
Danesh AHMAD ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Marital Satisfaction ◽  
Group Counseling ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Disabled Children ◽  
Intellectually Disabled ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction: Diagnosis of intellectual disability in children poses mental pressure and emotional crisis with respect to keeping, raising, and training to family members and mothers, in particular. This issue can also negatively affect marital satisfaction of the parents. The present research was conducted to assess the effect of problem-solving based group counseling on marital satisfaction in mothers with intellectually disabled children.Material and Methods: The Statistical population of the present intervention-control study is comprised of mothers with intellectually disabled children referring to two health centers in Gorgan City, Iran, in 2016. Research samples consisted of 30 subjects randomly assigned to two control and intervention groups. The intervention group was subjected to 6 sessions (once in a week) of problem-solving based group counseling while the control group received no intervention. At the end of these sessions, the Persian version of Evaluation and Nurturing Relationship Issues Communication and Happiness (ENRICH), which consists of 47 items with 11 subscales, was completed in two steps: one week and one month after the intervention. The gathered data were analyzed using repeated measures of analysis of variance (ANOVA) and a follow-up test in the SPSS16 software.Results: The results showed that mean and standard deviation of marital satisfaction scores in three steps of intervention including before, one week after, and one month after the intervention was 140.7 ± 15.08, 143.13 ± 14.43, and 150.73 ± 11.65, respectively. As can be seen, there is a statistically significant difference between marital satisfaction scores before and one month after the intervention (P = 0.016) while this score is almost constant in the control group during the study period.Conclusion: The results show that by the passage of time mothers learn and apply better the problem-solving skill in their life, leading to their enhanced marital satisfaction. Thus, it is suggested training these skills to the mothers with intellectually disabled children referring to the health and rehabilitation centers by midwives and midwifery consultants.

Nutrition education programme changes food intake and baseball performance in high-school students

2020 ◽  
pp. 001789692097406
Author(s):  
Yukiko Ueda ◽  
Mayuri Sawamoto ◽  
Tomomi Kobayashi ◽  
Chiho Myojin ◽  
Chikae Sakamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
High Schools ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Education Programme ◽  
Dietary Behaviour ◽  
Control Group ◽  
School Students

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the effects of nutrition education programme using the Convenient, Attractive, Normative (CAN) framework to facilitate changes in mindset, attitudes and behaviours towards food among high-school male baseball players. Design: Quasi-experimental design. Setting: Two public high schools in Osaka, Japan. Methods: Students in two high schools (mean age ±  SD, 16.6 ± .5 years) participated in the study. One school served as an intervention group ( n = 28) and received the CAN nutrition education programme. The other school served as a control group ( n = 22), and students within it did not receive the intervention. Students in the intervention group received three nutrition lecture sessions and face-to-face individual nutritional guidance over a 4 month intervention period. Before and after the intervention, all students were asked to record their food and beverage intake by taking food pictures, recording portion weights and sending these to the project dietitian. They were also asked to develop a dietary behaviour plan for meeting their goals. At the end of the intervention, they were asked about their experiences. Results: Students in the intervention improved their food intake, dietary balance and athletic performance. Bat swing speed was significantly faster following the intervention. Body weight increased without changing lean body mass in both groups. Conclusion: Results suggest that a CAN nutrition education programme may be effective in increasing motivation and promote dietary behaviour change among male adolescent athletes. Future interventions should examine these motivational processes and investigate the factors contributing to well-balanced meals.

A Multicentre Randomised Controlled Study Evaluating the Effect of a Standardised Education Programme on Quality of Life, Disease Severity, and Disease Knowledge in Patients with Moderate-To-Severe Psoriasis: The EDUPSO Study

Dermatology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Fatma Jendoubi ◽  
Stefana Balica ◽  
Marie Aleth Richard ◽  
Christine Chiaverini ◽  
Claire Bernier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Education Programme ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Randomised Controlled Study ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
To Receive

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that has a profound effect on health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Patient education programmes may help patients to gain life-long control over their chronic disease. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> This multicentre randomised controlled study evaluated whether a standardised multidisciplinary education programme was beneficial to psoriasis patients. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Adults with moderate-to-severe psoriasis were randomly assigned (1:1) to an intervention group to receive an educational programme or to a control group to receive usual care. Randomization was stratified by previous treatment history. The primary outcome was HRQoL, assessed by scoring the Skindex-29 domains emotion, symptom, and functioning. Psoriasis severity was assessed using the psoriasis area severity index (PASI). Levels of perceived stress, patient knowledge about psoriasis, and patient satisfaction were also assessed. Follow-up evaluations were performed at 3, 6, and 12 months. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A total 142 patients formed the intention-to-treat population: 70 in the control group and 72 in the intervention group. Skindex component scores and the PASI were significantly lower at 3, 6, and 12 months as compared to baseline in both groups, but no significant differences were found between the groups. Knowledge about psoriasis improved significantly during follow-up amongst patients from the intervention group compared to controls (68% of correct answers vs. 56%; <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.01). Patient satisfaction with psoriasis management and treatment was also better in the intervention group. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The standardised education programme did not improve HRQoL and disease severity in psoriasis, but led to a significant improvement in patient knowledge about the disease and increased patient satisfaction.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document