scholarly journals Pszichoterápia a szülészeten: lehetőségek alacsony intenzitású kognitív viselkedésterápiás intervenciókra

2021 ◽  
Vol 162 (44) ◽  
pp. 1776-1782
Author(s):  
Ágnes Zinner-Gérecz ◽  
Dóra Perczel-Forintos
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Family System ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Psychological Status ◽  
Postpartum Anxiety ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hospital Patients

Összefoglaló. A szülés utáni időszakban megjelenő aggodalmak természetesnek tekinthetők, az anyák jelentős részénél azonban klinikai szintű szorongásos megbetegedés alakulhat ki. A postpartum időszakban a szorongásos tünetek gyakori előfordulása ronthatja az anya életminőségét, pszichés állapotát, s ezáltal kedvezőtlen hatást gyakorol az anya-gyermek kapcsolatra, a gyermek mentális fejlődésére, a párkapcsolatra, valamint a családi rendszer egyensúlyára. Kutatási eredmények igazolják, hogy a szorongásos zavar a későbbiekben megjelenő anyai depresszió előrejelzője lehet. A nemzetközi irányelvek (NICE) a peri- és postnatalis időszakban jelentkező szorongásos zavarok kezdeti kezelésében az alacsony intenzitású pszichoterápiás módszereket javasolják. Tanulmányunk elsődleges célja, hogy egy esetismertetésen keresztül, kérdőívekkel követve az állapot változását, bemutassuk a szülészet-nőgyógyászat területén alkalmazható, kis intenzitású pszichológiai intervenciók eszköztárát. Az utóbbi a kognitív viselkedésterápia alapmódszereit használja kórházi osztályos, illetve ambuláns keretek között. A pszichoedukációt, normalizálást és átkeretezést, problémafókuszú keresztmetszeti konceptualizálást, szisztematikus deszenzitizálást és problémamegoldó technikákat tartalmazó intervenciók hatására az anya jelentős szenvedést okozó szorongásos panaszai már négy pszichoterápiás találkozást követően csökkentek, az anya képessé vált arra, hogy gyermekét ellássa. A terápia hatékonyságát, a szorongás és a depresszió csökkenését a páciens szubjektív megélésén túlmenően az állapotkövető kérdőívek eredményei is teljesen mértékben alátámasztották. Eredményeink megerősítik, hogy az alacsony intenzitású pszichológiai intervenciók hatékonyan alkalmazhatók a kórházi osztályokon a szorongásos, depressziós panaszok csökkentésében és ezáltal költségkímélő módon a pszichés zavarok megelőzésében. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(44): 1776–1782. Summary. The occurrence of postpartum worries is considered a normative phenomenon, although the threshold of anxiety reaches clinical level and can lead to the development of postpartum anxiety disorder for a significant number of new mothers. Frequent occurrence of anxiety-related symptoms can negatively influence the mother’s quality of life, psychological status, the mother-child relationship, the newborn’s mental development, the relationship of the couple as well as the balance of the family system as a whole. Studies show that postpartum anxiety disorder can lead to depression later on. International guidelines (NICE) suggest peri- and postnatal anxiety disorders to be treated using low intensity psychological interventions (LIPIs). The aim of this study is to present the different methods of LIPIs used in obstetrics and gynecology through a clinical case study, while monitoring the outcomes in the mothers’ psychological status by the use of questionnaires. LIPIs contain the basics of cognitive behavioural therapy used in hospitals in both in- and outpatient care. After only four psychotherapy sessions using psychoeducation, normalizing and reframing, problem-centered cross-sectional conceptualisation, systematic desensitization and problem solving techniques, the mother’s severe symptoms of anxiety decreased significantly, enabling her to take proper care of the newborn. The efficacy of the therapy was confirmed thoroughly not only by the subjective experience of the patient, but the results of the questionnaires used to follow the psychological status of the patient. Our results show that LIPIs can be effectively used as a cost-effective method to reduce symptoms of anxiety or depression, and to prevent the development of mental health problems among hospital patients. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(44): 1776–1782.

scholarly journals Influence of military component and deployment-related experiences on mental disorders among Canadian military personnel who deployed to Afghanistan: a cross-sectional survey

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. e018735 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Boulos ◽  
Deniz Fikretoglu
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prevalence Difference

ObjectiveThe primary objective was to explore differences in mental health problems (MHP) between serving Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) components (Regular Force (RegF); Reserve Force (ResF)) with an Afghanistan deployment and to assess the contribution of both component and deployment experiences to MHP using covariate-adjusted prevalence difference estimates. Additionally, mental health services use (MHSU) was descriptively assessed among those with a mental disorder.DesignData came from the 2013 CAF Mental Health Survey, a cross-sectional survey of serving personnel (n=72 629). Analyses were limited to those with an Afghanistan deployment (population n=35 311; sampled n=4854). Logistic regression compared MHP between RegF and ResF members. Covariate-adjusted prevalence differences were computed.Primary outcome measureThe primary outcomes were MHP, past-year mental disorders, identified using the WHO’s Composite International Diagnostic Interview, and past-year suicide ideation.ResultsResF personnel were less likely to be identified with a past-year anxiety disorder (adjusted OR (AOR)=0.72 (95% CI 0.58 to 0.90)), specifically both generalised anxiety disorder and panic disorder, but more likely to be identified with a past-year alcohol abuse disorder (AOR=1.63 (95% CI 1.04 to 2.58)). The magnitude of the covariate-adjusted disorder prevalence differences for component was highest for the any anxiety disorder outcome, 2.8% (95% CI 1.0 to 4.6); lower for ResF. All but one deployment-related experience variable had some association with MHP. The ‘ever felt responsible for the death of a Canadian or ally personnel’ experience had the strongest association with MHP; its estimated covariate-adjusted disorder prevalence difference was highest for the any (of the six measured) mental disorder outcome (11.2% (95% CI 6.6 to 15.9)). Additionally, ResF reported less past-year MHSU and more past-year civilian MHSU.ConclusionsPast-year MHP differences were identified between components. Our findings suggest that although deployment-related experiences were highly associated with MHP, these only partially accounted for MHP differences between components. Additional research is needed to further investigate MHSU differences between components.

Parenting and child and adolescent mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Whittle ◽  
Katherine Olivia Bray ◽  
Sylvia Lin ◽  
Orli Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Externalizing Problems ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Family System ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Children’S Mental Health ◽  
Children's Mental Health ◽  
Trauma Symptoms ◽  
Parent Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Early work indicates the significant impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of children and adolescents. Understanding which children may be more at risk for mental health problems, and which risk factors are amenable to change is crucial. The importance of studying children’s mental health within the context of the family system is recognized. Methods: The current study investigated associations between parent factors, and children’s mental health during the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic across a number of Western countries (primarily Australia and the United Kingdom). Parents (N = 385) reported on their pandemic-related stress, mental health, and parenting behaviors, in addition to mental health changes in their 5-17 year old children (N = 481) during April/May 2020. Results: Analyses revealed significant associations between parent COVID-19 pandemic stress, parent depression, anxiety and stress symptoms, and increases in child internalizing and externalizing problems. Harsh parenting behavior was associated with trauma symptoms and increases in externalizing problems. Further, some associations were more pronounced for children with existing mental health problems, and for disadvantaged and single parent families. Limitations: The data was cross-sectional, the majority of participant parents were female, and all data were parent-report. Conclusions: Findings suggest the importance of parents in influencing children’s mental health during the acute phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. Further work is needed to investigate longer-term impacts.

scholarly journals A chatbot-based assessment of employees' mental health: Design process and pilot implementation (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ines Hungerbuehler ◽  
Kate Daley ◽  
Kate Cavanagh ◽  
Heloísa Garcia Claro ◽  
Michael Kapps
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Response Rates ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Pilot Implementation

BACKGROUND Stress, burnout and mental health problems, such as depression and anxiety are common and can significantly impact on workplaces through absenteeism and reduced productivity. To address this issue, organizations must first understand the extent of the difficulties by mapping the mental health of their workforce. Online surveys are a cost-effective and scalable way to do this but typically have low response rates, in part due to a lack of interactivity. Chatbots offer one potential solution, enhancing engagement through simulated natural human conversation and use of interactive features. OBJECTIVE To describe the design process and results of a pilot implementation of a chatbot-based assessment of employee mental health within the workplace. METHODS A fully automated and intelligent chatbot (‘Viki’) was developed to evaluate employee risks of suffering from depression (PHQ-9), anxiety (GAD-7), stress (DASS-21), insomnia (ISI), burnout (OLBI) and work-related stressors (JSS). The chatbot uses a conversation style and gamification features including story/theme and feedback to enhance engagement. The chatbot was implemented within a small to medium-sized enterprise (SME) (N=120) in a cross-sectional study. RESULTS In total, 98 (82%) employees started the assessment, and 77 (79%) completed it. The majority of employees (54/77, 70%) reported a high risk of suffering from work-related stress. Over one-third (26/77, 34%) reported a high risk of suffering from burnout, 21 (27%) from anxiety, 14 (18%) from general stress, 12 (16%) from depression and 7 (9%) from insomnia. Depression, anxiety, and insomnia were strongly correlated with a measure of presenteeism (r between 0.8 and 0.9). CONCLUSIONS A chatbot-based workplace mental health assessment seems to be a highly engaging and effective way to collect anonymized mental health data among employees with response rates comparable to face-to-face interviews. CLINICALTRIAL N/A

scholarly journals Relationship between anxiety and insomnia in clinical clerkship students during COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Maria Sekartaji ◽  
Resty Puspita Sari ◽  
Muhammad Irsan ◽  
Muhammad Adnan ◽  
Labitta Pachira Aquaira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Learning Performance ◽  
Clinical Clerkship ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Services ◽  
The Impact

During the COVID-19 pandemic, there is an increase in anxiety disorder towards the general population, including those clinical clerkship students who are associated with health care services. There has been limited study conducted regarding to the topic, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study was aimed to know the prevalence of anxiety and insomnia, as well as the correlation between them, in clinical clerkship students during COVID-19 pandemic. An online survey was conducted using a cross-sectional approach to 229 clinical clerkship students batch 2015 at the Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada. This study used the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), administered using Google Forms. Data were analysed using the Chi-Square test. We collected 101 responses. There were 41.6% of males and 58.4% of females with ages ranging from 21 to 26. The result shows 26.7% (95% CI: 8.1-35.4%) of students undergo anxiety and 44.6% (95% CI: 34.9-54.3%) of students experienced insomnia throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. There is a correlation between anxiety and insomnia on clinical clerkship students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Clinical clerkship students with an anxiety disorder have 2.62 times greater risk of experiencing insomnia (p<0.001). The correlation between insomnia and anxiety during COVID-19 pandemic is vital because clinical clerkship students are directly involved in health care services and could risk the safety of patients. Thus, it is important to conduct the course of actions to reduce the risk of mental health problems during pandemic conditions. Also, further research is needed to have a better understanding of the impact on learning performance.

scholarly journals The prevalence risk of anxiety and its associated factors among university students in Malaysia: a national cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Elyani Mohamad ◽  
Sherina Mohd Sidik ◽  
Mehrnoosh Akhtari-Zavare ◽  
Norsidawati Abdul Gani
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
University Students ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Good Friend ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
Academic Year

Abstract Background Anxiety disorder is one of the most common mental health problems worldwide, including Malaysia, and this issue has gained concern and attention from many, including experts and authorities globally. While average levels of stress and worry may help to motivate students to perform well in their studies, excessive feelings will increase their level of anxiety. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted at selected government and private universities throughout Malaysia. A total of 1851 students participated in this study. The students were asked to complete self-administered questionnaires, including socio-demographic, academic, and psychosocial characteristics. The Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) questionnaire was used to measure the prevalence risk of anxiety among the students. Chi-square analysis was conducted to find the relationship between the variables and anxiety, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the predictors. Results The response rate was 97.90%, where 1821 out of 1860 students participated in the study. The prevalence risk of anxiety in this study was recorded at 29%. The data revealed that academic year, financial support for the study, alcohol consumption, poor sleep quality, body mass index (BMI), having a good friend in the university, having doubt regarding the future, actively involved in the society, and having problems with other students and lecturer(s) were significantly associated with risk of anxiety; with the academic year as the primary predictor. Conclusions The findings highlight the current prevalence risk of anxiety among university students in Malaysia. The outcome of this study can serve as the evident baseline data and help with the development of specific interventions in addressing and managing the issue appropriately.

scholarly journals Treatment of childhood anxiety disorder in the context of maternal anxiety disorder: a randomised controlled trial and economic analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (38) ◽  
pp. 1-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathy Creswell ◽  
Susan Cruddace ◽  
Stephen Gerry ◽  
Rachel Gitau ◽  
Emma McIntosh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Childhood Anxiety ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Maternal Anxiety ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Economic Analyses ◽  
Maternal Cognitions

BackgroundCognitive–behavioural therapy (CBT) for childhood anxiety disorders is associated with modest outcomes in the context of parental anxiety disorder.ObjectivesThis study evaluated whether or not the outcome of CBT for children with anxiety disorders in the context of maternal anxiety disorders is improved by the addition of (i) treatment of maternal anxiety disorders, or (ii) treatment focused on maternal responses. The incremental cost-effectiveness of the additional treatments was also evaluated.DesignParticipants were randomised to receive (i) child cognitive–behavioural therapy (CCBT); (ii) CCBT with CBT to target maternal anxiety disorders [CCBT + maternal cognitive–behavioural therapy (MCBT)]; or (iii) CCBT with an intervention to target mother–child interactions (MCIs) (CCBT + MCI).SettingA NHS university clinic in Berkshire, UK.ParticipantsTwo hundred and eleven children with a primary anxiety disorder, whose mothers also had an anxiety disorder.InterventionsAll families received eight sessions of individual CCBT. Mothers in the CCBT + MCBT arm also received eight sessions of CBT targeting their own anxiety disorders. Mothers in the MCI arm received 10 sessions targeting maternal parenting cognitions and behaviours. Non-specific interventions were delivered to balance groups for therapist contact.Main outcome measuresPrimary clinical outcomes were the child’s primary anxiety disorder status and degree of improvement at the end of treatment. Follow-up assessments were conducted at 6 and 12 months. Outcomes in the economic analyses were identified and measured using estimated quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs). QALYS were combined with treatment, health and social care costs and presented within an incremental cost–utility analysis framework with associated uncertainty.ResultsMCBT was associated with significant short-term improvement in maternal anxiety; however, after children had received CCBT, group differences were no longer apparent. CCBT + MCI was associated with a reduction in maternal overinvolvement and more confident expectations of the child. However, neither CCBT + MCBT nor CCBT + MCI conferred a significant post-treatment benefit over CCBT in terms of child anxiety disorder diagnoses [adjusted risk ratio (RR) 1.18, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.87 to 1.62,p = 0.29; adjusted RR CCBT + MCI vs. control: adjusted RR 1.22, 95% CI 0.90 to 1.67,p = 0.20, respectively] or global improvement ratings (adjusted RR 1.25, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.59,p = 0.05; adjusted RR 1.20, 95% CI 0.95 to 1.53,p = 0.13). CCBT + MCI outperformed CCBT on some secondary outcome measures. Furthermore, primary economic analyses suggested that, at commonly accepted thresholds of cost-effectiveness, the probability that CCBT + MCI will be cost-effective in comparison with CCBT (plus non-specific interventions) is about 75%.ConclusionsGood outcomes were achieved for children and their mothers across treatment conditions. There was no evidence of a benefit to child outcome of supplementing CCBT with either intervention focusing on maternal anxiety disorder or maternal cognitions and behaviours. However, supplementing CCBT with treatment that targeted maternal cognitions and behaviours represented a cost-effective use of resources, although the high percentage of missing data on some economic variables is a shortcoming. Future work should consider whether or not effects of the adjunct interventions are enhanced in particular contexts. The economic findings highlight the utility of considering the use of a broad range of services when evaluating interventions with this client group.Trial registrationCurrent Controlled Trials ISRCTN19762288.FundingThis trial was funded by the Medical Research Council (MRC) and Berkshire Healthcare Foundation Trust and managed by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) on behalf of the MRC–NIHR partnership (09/800/17) and will be published in full inHealth Technology Assessment; Vol. 19, No. 38.

scholarly journals Anxiety Prevalence and its Associated Factors Among University Students In Malaysia: A National Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Elyani Mohamad ◽  
Sherina Mohd-Sidik ◽  
Mehrnoosh Akhtari-Zavare ◽  
Norsidawati Abdul Gani
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
University Students ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Living Arrangement ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
Academic Year

Abstract Background Anxiety disorder is one of the most common mental health problems worldwide, including Malaysia. With the rising suicide rate nowadays, this issue has gained concern and attention from many, including experts and authorities globally. While average levels of anxiety motivate students to perform well in their studies, a high level of anxiety will significantly affect students' performance and self-esteem. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted at selected government and private universities throughout Malaysia. A total of 1851 students participated in this study. The students were asked to complete self-administered questionnaires, which include information such as socio-demographic, academic, and psychosocial characteristics. The Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) questionnaire was used to measure the prevalence of anxiety in this study. Chi-square analysis was conducted to find the relationship between the variables and anxiety, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the predictors. Results The response rate was 97.90%, where 1821 out of 1860 students participated in the study. The prevalence of anxiety in this study was 29%. The data revealed that race, residency, smoking status, alcohol consumption, sleeping quality, body mass index (BMI), academic year, the field of study, financial support for study and current living arrangement were found to be significantly associated with anxiety; with the academic year as the primary predictor. Conclusions Anxiety among university students in Malaysia is mainly impacted by the academic year. The findings highlight the current prevalence of anxiety among university students in Malaysia. The outcome of this study can serve as the evident baseline data and help with the development of specific interventions in addressing and managing the issue appropriately.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Measurement of Anxiety and Depression in Nurses During Covid Pandemic in Nepal

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pramila Karki ◽  
George B. J. Katwal ◽  
Ayush Chandra ◽  
Avinash Chandra
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
General Anxiety Disorder ◽  
General Anxiety ◽  
Validated Questionnaire

Abstract BackgroundAnxiety and depression are under reported, underdiagnosed mental illness inhealth worker in Nepal especially during COVID pandemic.The study was carried out as an observational studyon nurses in Nepal. In this study we attempted to assess the incidence and impact of depression and anxietyin nurses who are working upfront in different hospitals during this crisis.ObjectiveThe purpose of the study is to assess the prevalence of anxiety and depression among nurses in Nepal during COVID pandemic who are working in various hospitals.MethodA cross-sectional non-probability purposive sampling with observational analysis was carried out and the sample was collected from nurses working in different hospitals. Prevalence of anxiety and depression was assessed using a structured and validated questionnaire. Anxiety was assessed with theHamilton Anxiety Scale (HAM-A), General Anxiety Disorder Questionnaires (GAD) with a cut-off score for various levels of anxiety while Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D)was used to assess depression.ResultThe analysis of these different scales revealed that disabling anxiety prevailed at highest (43.6%) in nursing staff according to HAM-A scale. Moderateanxiety also seemed to be higher (>20%) in GAD questionnaire. ConclusionThis is the first study carried out in Nepal that investigates the mental health of nurses who are working in the frontline in this COVID pandemic situation. The study revealed that our nurses who have given their life in the line are suffering from serious mental health problems.

scholarly journals Quality of Life And Patient Satisfaction with Family Practice Care in a Roma Population With Chronic Conditions in Northeast Slovenia / Kakovost Življenja V Povezavi S Kroničnimi Boleznimi In Z Zadovoljstvom Z Oskrbo Zdravnika Družinske Medicine Med Romskim Prebivalstvom V Sv Sloveniji

2015 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-26
Author(s):  
Erika Zelko ◽  
Igor Švab ◽  
Danica Rotar Pavlič
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Family Physician ◽  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Roma Population ◽  
The Family

AbstractObjectives. Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) measures a patient’s subjective experience of his or her health status. We aimed to show how the presence of chronic diseases and satisfaction with family physicians (FPs) were associated with the HRQoL of a Roma population.Methods. A cross-sectional study was carried out in May 2011 on a representative sample of 650 Roma living in Prekmurje, Slovenia. The EQ-5D questionnaire was used for measuring the HRQoL of the Roma. Demographical data, 12 groups of diseases diagnosed in the last 12 months and satisfaction with FPs were included in the questionnaire.Results. The response rate was 88.3% (574), of which 56.4% were female, and the average age of the participants had a mean value of 40.2±12.7 years. The presence of cardiovascular problems with risk factors for them or presence of musculoskeletal disorders were strongly associated with the presence of pain (Cramer’s V = 0.40 and 0.46 respectively).There was a strong association between the presence of mental disorders and anxiety and depression (Cramer´s V = 0.58). The average satisfaction with the family physician was 3.9 (mean±1.10) on a five-point Likert scale. There was no significant association between HRQoL and satisfaction with the family physician.Conclusions. Roma with chronic mental health problems had the lowest HRQoL in the Roma population. More attention should be paid to this subgroup of Roma in family medicine, and interventions should be provided. High satisfaction with their FPs is not associated with the observed quality of life variables

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