scholarly journals The Increasing access to family planning services through a non-health sector: Technical Integration Coverage and Access (TICA) in Nepal

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-42
Author(s):  
Ghanshyam K Bhatta ◽  
Josue Orellana ◽  
Bidya Mahat ◽  
Ishwar Nath Mishra ◽  
Chandeshwari Tamrakar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancy ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Limited Range ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Government ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Technical Integration

Background: Family Planning (FP) is a key developmental focus for the government of Nepal. Use of modern contraceptives has stagnated at 43.2% since 2011. Unmet need for family planning (FP) in Nepal remains high at 27%. A factor contributing to this levelling of contraceptive use despite relatively high unmet need is the limited range of methods available to most clients at most sites. To address the FP need among married women of reproductive age (WRA), we tested integration of FP into agricultural programs.   Aim: To assess the effectiveness of a FP program integrated into an agriculture (e.g. non-health) sector program. Methods: A cross-sectional interventional study conducted November 2015 to February 2016 among 525 WRA who were participants in an agriculture program. Results: The contraceptives commonly used by women in the study location were Depo Provera and Minilap.  After Technical Integration Coverage and Access (TICA) interventions, almost all of the respondents (99.6%) had heard about FP of which 67.8% correctly understood FP as a method to prevent unwanted pregnancy. About 50% of the respondents were found currently using FP.  The percentage of WRA aware of long-acting and permanent FP methods increased from 49.0% to 62.0% and 39.0% to 52.0% respectively. Decisions on using a FP method were predominantly made by the husband (68.0%). However, 68.4% women reported that they were motivated by their husband. The proportion of men willing to use FP increased from 5.2% to 15.5% after TICA activities implementation. The main reason identified for not currently using FP devices was that the husband and wife were not living together (88.8%). Most of the women (98.0%) reported that FP utilization improved their quality of life. Conclusion: TICA activities were very successful in both increasing FP knowledge level as well as utilization of FP services among the targeted beneficiaries. The use of FP increased among agriculture program beneficiaries after the integration of TICA activities with a gradual shift from short-acting FP methods to long-acting and permanent FP methods. For easy integration, FP projects should also utilize existing community structures such as cooperatives, women’s groups, men’s groups, and youth clubs.

scholarly journals Factors affecting demand for modern contraceptives among currently married reproductive age women in rural Kebeles of Nunu Kumba district, Oromia, Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alemu Kebede ◽  
Sileshi G. Abaya ◽  
Elias Merdassa ◽  
Tariku Tesfaye Bekuma
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Modern Contraceptive ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Modern Methods ◽  
Long Acting

Abstract Background Family planning plays a key role in improving the health of the mother and the child. Yet there are still significant levels of demand for family planning that are unmet and these can lead to unintended pregnancy. So, women’s demand for contraceptive utilization to limit, space, or delay the number of family size can be increased by integrating family planning service at each service delivery points. Objective The main aim of this study was to assess the demand for modern contraceptive and associated factors among currently married women of the reproductive age group in rural kebeles of Nunu Kumba District, 2015. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study design was conducted from January 15–30, 2015 among 584 systematically selected currently married women of reproductive age in six rural kebeles of Nunu Kumba District. A pre-tested and interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. Descriptive statistics were done to summarize the data. A multivariate logistic regressions analysis method was employed and odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was used to control for possible confounders. P-value < 0.05 was used to declare a significant association. Results The total demand for modern methods of contraceptive was 450 (77.1%) of which 325 (55.7%) of them were current user and 125 (21.4%) of them were had unmet need for modern contraceptive methods. Being in the younger age group (15–24 and 25–34 years [AOR = 0.196; 95% CI: 0.055, 0.692] and [AOR = 0.179, 95% CI: 0.043, 0.745] respectively, husband having no intention for more children [AOR = 4.124, 95% CI: 1.891, 8.996], number of children alive [AOR = 2.617, 95% CI: 1.056, 6.486], and couples ever not discussed on family planning [AOR = 0.340, 95% CI: 0.187, 0.619] were factors associated with demand for modern methods of contraception. Conclusion The total demand for modern methods of contraceptive was high in the study area except for long-acting and permanent methods with high unmet need for spacing than for limiting. Therefore, any program aimed at promoting family planning at the district level should look for ways and means of increasing demand for long-acting and permanent family planning methods and encouraging husband involvement to increase its utilization.

scholarly journals Utilization of reversible long acting family planning methods among married 15-49 years women in Areka town, Southern Ethiopia

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mulugeta Yohannis Kabalo
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancy ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Contraceptive Device ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Long Acting

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Utilization of family planning can improve the means of people in poverty. Long-acting reversible contraceptive (LARC) methods in particular can considerably reduce the level of unwanted pregnancy as well as maternal mortality and morbidity more in developing countries. Thus, study was conducted with the aim of assessing the level of LARC utilization and associated factors among married women (15-49) in Areka town, Southern Ethiopia.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Community based cross-sectional study was conducted in a total of 357 women within the study area. Population proportion to size was used to assign sample to kebele and participates were selected by systematic random sampling technique from randomly selected kebeles. Data collection was conducted by trained data collectors, using structured and pretested questionnaire. Finally, data entered, cleaned, and analysed in SPSS 16.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The utilization of LARC was 106(29.7%) of study participants. Particularly, LARCs utilization were 81(22.7%) for implants and 25(7.0%), Intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD). Statistically, LARC utilization was (AOR=2.47 at 95%CI (1.24-4.90)) times likely among 26-36 aged mothers compared to 15-24 age groups. Government employed mothers were (AOR=2.59 at 95%CI (1.39-4.79)) times probable to use LARC compared to merchants. Hence, maternal education and occupation were the independent predictors of LARC utilization as the principal findings of this study.</p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Enormous extent of unmet need exist in utilization of LARC within the study area. Mothers’ age and occupation were significantly associated with its utilization. Therefore, health promotion activities on the benefits of LARC need to be undertaken to increase awareness and usage of these contraceptives.

scholarly journals 701To estimate contraceptive prevalence rate and unmet need for family planning in rural Shimla

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anmol Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Universal Access ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Modern Contraceptive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Contraceptive Prevalence Rate ◽  
Contraceptive Prevalence ◽  
The Government

Abstract Background The utilization of family planning services has improved over the decade, but still the SDG’s health target to ensure universal access to sexual and reproductive health care services is yet to be achieved. Methods A cross-sectional study was undertaken in the rural field practice area of Department of Community Medicine, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India, from July 2018 to June 2019. Total sample size calculated was 410. Random sampling was used to select eligible couple to whom a predesigned, pretested, semi-structured and anonymous interview schedule was administered after taking consent. Results The mean age of the participants was 28.9 ± 5.9 years. The modern contraceptive prevalence rate (mCPR) was found to be 67.7% among women of reproductive age group (15-49 years). Male condom (36%), followed by female sterilisation (30%) were the most common methods preferred. Conclusions Besides male condoms and female sterilisation, other methods of contraception were adopted by meagre number of women. Though, the unmet need for family planning was lesser in this study, still, efforts are needed to plunge it, for ameliorating the contraceptive prevalence rate. Also, the availability of basket of contraceptive choices in government sector need sheer assiduity. Key messages The continuing IEC activity related to family planning methods need to be upsurged, so that the available contraceptives reach the community by and large. The government system of provision of contraceptives may be made accessible and convenient, so that the beneficiaries are inclined to utilise these services.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Unmet Need for Family Planning among Married Reproductive Age Women in Toke Kutaye District, Oromia, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Abebe Tadesse G/Meskel ◽  
Habtamu Oljira Desta ◽  
Elias Teferi Bala
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Reproductive Age Women ◽  
Living Children

Background. It is estimated that more than 142 million married women in developing countries have an unmet need for family planning. This study is aimed at identifying factors associated with the unmet need of family planning among married women of reproductive age in Toke Kutaye district, Ethiopia in 2019. Methods. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Toke Kutaye district from March 1–30, 2019. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select 494 reproductive-age women who were married during data collection. Data were collected using a pretested structured questionnaire. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to assess factors associated with the unmet need of family planning at 95% CI with a p value of ≤ 0.05. Result. The prevalence of unmet need for family planning in the Toke Kutaye district was 23.1% [95% CI (19.2-26.7)], with 15.2% for spacing and 7.9% for limiting. Women’s education [AOR, 3.64, 95% CI: 1.43-9.25], number of living children [AOR, 2.63, 95% CI: 1.37-5.05], husband disapproval of family planning [AOR, 3.68, 95% CI: 2.20-6.16], and discussion with healthcare providers on family planning [AOR, 0.20, 95% CI: 0.13-0.37] were significantly associated with unmet need for family planning. Conclusion. The prevalence of unmet need for family planning was high. Therefore, program managers, partners, and health workers should work to address the gaps in maternal education, the number of living children, partner disapproval of family planning, and discussion on family planning issues through enhancing female education, awareness on family planning, and male involvement in family planning services.

scholarly journals Unmet needs for family planning in Sunsari, eastern Nepal

1970 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 148-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
IS Paudel ◽  
SS Budhathoki
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Unmet Needs ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Family Type ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: The unmet need for family planning is a very useful tool in measuring and predicting the contraceptive needs of a population. Seventeen percent of all married women would prefer to avoid pregnancy but are not using any form of family planning. In less developed countries, about one forth of pregnancies is unintended. Objective: To determine the level of unmet need for family planning and evaluate the factors that influences the unmet needs in Married Women of Reproductive Age (MRWA). Methods: A cross-sectional study of 410 women attending the immunization clinic of B.P.Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, a teaching hospital in Dharan was carried out over 3 months. Results: MRWA had 22%, 15% and 8% unmet needs for family planning, spacing and limiting births respectively. Health concerns and side effects (30.5%), husband and family opposition (14%), uncertainty about child bearing (12.2%) and inconvenience (10%) were among the major constraints to the use of contraception. Unmet need has significant association between parity & education. Age and family type had no significant effect on unmet needs. Conclusion: In spite of high level of awareness about family planning method, a significant level of unmet need exists among women of reproductive age. Keywords: unmet needs; family planning; married women of reproductive age; MRWA DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hren.v9i3.5581   HR 2011; 9(3): 148-151

scholarly journals Family planning uptake in Kagera and Mara regions in Tanzania: a cross-sectional community survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Batholomeo Massenga ◽  
Ritha Norohna ◽  
Bayoum Awadhi ◽  
Dunstan Bishanga ◽  
Oliva Safari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Family Planning ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Factors Associated

Abstract BackgroundIn Tanzania, 27.1% of all women of reproductive age are currently using modern contraception, and 16.8% have an unmet need for family planning. We therefore examined factors associated with family planning uptake after giving birth in two regions of Tanzania.MethodsSub-analysis of a cross-sectional household survey conducted in April 2016 in Mara and Kagera regions in Tanzania. A total of 1184 women aged 15-49 years, who had given birth less than two years prior to the survey were included. Logistic regression mixed effect modelling was used to examine factors associated with family planning uptake. Univariate analysis was used to present crude effects of covariates, followed by stepwise forward selection to build a multiple logistic regression model. A p-value ≥ 0.20 was applied as the criterion to retain a variable into the model.ResultsAmong 1184 women within two years after giving birth, 393 (33.2%) used family planning methods. After adjusting for (1) age, (2) level of education, (3) living in union, (4) being accompanied to ANC by a partner and (5) being able to mention at least one method, factors independently associated with family planning uptake included: (1) having discussed family planning with the partner (aOR 2.90; 95% CI 1.88-4.49), (2) having been counselled on family planning during ANC (aOR 2.15; 95% CI 1.48-3.13), (3) having discussed family planning with a community health worker (aOR 3.32; 95% CI 1.91-5.77), (4) having discussed family planning with a facility health care worker (aOR 1.79; 95% CI 1.22-2.62), (5) having primary or higher educational level (aOR 1.66; 95% CI 1.01-2.273) and (6) being in union (aOR 1.86; 95% CI 1.02-3.42).ConclusionSupportive constitutes including educational interaction with facility and community health workers, as well as having a supportive partner are facilitators to increased uptake of family planning among women in Tanzania

scholarly journals IMPROVING DESIGN AND DELIVERY OF FAMILY PLANNING SERVICES TO MEET THE UNMET NEED FOR CONTRACEPTION IN QUETTA BALOCHISTAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 213-218
Author(s):  
Naiha Sagheer ◽  
Saleem Ullah ◽  
Noureen Latif ◽  
Tabinda Zaman
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Modern Contraceptive ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Approximeately 24 percent of married women of reproductive age in Pakistan would like to adopt family planning, but are unable to avail the means to practice contraception. This study has been conducted to find out frequency and perception about family planning practices and further to explore and analyze the causes of failure to meet the demand for contraception. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on married females of reproductive age group and married males while visiting the outpatient departments of two hospitals of Quetta from January to September 2017. They were interviewed by researchers through a structured, reliable and pretested questionnaire. The data obtained and analyzed by using SPSS 21 version. Results: 76% of participants were in favour of practicing yet only 33.8% had actually practiced it sometime during their reproductive years. The major reasons for not using family planning were the apprehension of harmful effects of contraceptive methods (52.6%), non-supportive partner (30%), unavailability of services (11.4%) and religious constraints (6%). The mass media was the main source of motivational information(69%) followed by Lady health workers. Conclusion: The current prevalence of family planning is still not at the expected level, There is a dire need of the continued use of mass media and services of community health workers to raise awareness. The practice of modern contraceptive methods can be enhanced by provision of client-centered quality services.. An increase in the number of family planning centers along with an efficient functioning, monitoring, and evaluation are also required to address unmet needs of the community near their doorstep.

scholarly journals Determine the unmet need for family planning in a hilly area in a state of North India

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 2234
Author(s):  
Nidhi Chauhan ◽  
Saurabh Rattan
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Universal Access ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
North India ◽  
Modern Contraceptive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Contraceptive Prevalence Rate ◽  
Contraceptive Prevalence

Background: The utilization of family planning services has improved over the decade, but still the SDG’s health target to ensure universal access to sexual and reproductive health care services is yet to be achieved, unmet need being one of the  imperative component.Methods: A cross-sectional study was undertaken in the rural field practice area of Department of Community Medicine, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India, from July 2018 to June 2019. Total sample size calculated was 316. Random sampling was used to select eligible couple to whom a predesigned, pretested, semi-structured and anonymous interview schedule was administered after taking consent.Results: The mean age of the participants was 30.2±6.1 years. The modern contraceptive prevalence rate (mCPR) was found to be 67.7% among women of reproductive age group (15-49 years). Male condom (36%), followed by female sterilisation (30%) were the most common methods preferred. Unmet need of family planning was found to be 10.4%.Conclusions: Besides male condoms and female sterilisation, other methods of contraception were adopted by meagre number of women. Though, the unmet need for family planning was lesser in this study, still, efforts are needed to plunge it, for ameliorating the contraceptive prevalence rate. Also, the availability of basket of contraceptive choices in government sector need sheer assiduity.

scholarly journals Unmet need for contraception among urban women: a cross sectional study in Puducherry

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 1494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudha V. ◽  
Vrushabhendra H. N. ◽  
Srikanth S. ◽  
Suganya E.
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancy ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Universal Family ◽  
Unmet Need For Contraception

Background: Providing universal family planning services is an important strategy to reduce maternal morbidity and to control population growth. Worldwide, when contraception is used properly and effectively to avoid unwanted pregnancy it can reduce 25–35% of maternal deaths. The present study aimed at measuring the proportion of married women with unmet need for family planning in an urban area of Puducherry.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 235 married women in the urban field practice area of Sri Venkateshwara Medical College Hospital & Research Centre, Puducherry. Participants were selected based on predetermined eligibility criteria using systematic random sampling method. SPSS version 23.0 was used for statistical analysis. Proportion, Mean, Standard deviation and Logistic regression were applied to interpret the results.Results: Mean age of the participants was 33.3 ±6 years, Nearly 77 %( 181) of the participants reported having used any method of contraceptive at least once and 34.5 %( 81) were found to have unmet need for family planning. The most common reason for unmet need for contraception was fear of side effects (39.5%) and others were infrequent sex (12.3%),insisted by family members (12.3%) and religious reasons (12.3%).Conclusions: Unmet need for family planning was found to be fairly high in our study population. Health care personnel, preferably field staff should be trained to give an informed choice of contraception to the eligible couples to reduce the unmet need for contraception.

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