scholarly journals Thermoelectric Materials, Phenomena, and Applications: A Bird's Eye View

MRS Bulletin ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry M. Tritt ◽  
M. A. Subramanian
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Energy Technologies

AbstractHigh-efficiency thermoelectric (TE) materials are important for power-generation devices that are designed to convert waste heat into electrical energy.They can also be used in solid-state refrigeration devices.The conversion of waste heat into electrical energy may play an important role in our current challenge to develop alternative energy technologies to reduce our dependence on fossil fuels and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.An overview of various TE phenomena and materials is provided in this issue ofMRS Bulletin. Several of the current applications and key parameters are defined and discussed.Novel applications of TE materials include biothermal batteries to power heart pacemakers, enhanced performance of optoelectronics coupled with solid-state TE cooling, and power generation for deep-space probes via radioisotope TE generators.A number of different systems of potential TE materials are currently under investigation by various research groups around the world, and many of these materials are reviewed in the articles in this issue.These range from thin-film superlattice materials to large single-crystal or polycrystalline bulk materials, and from semiconductors and semimetals to ceramic oxides.The phonon-glass/electron-crystal approach to new TE materials is presented, along with the role of solid-state crystal chemistry.Research criteria for developing new materials are highlighted.

scholarly journals Review of Sustainable Energies Use in Greenhouses in Greece

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
John Vourdoubas
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Northern Greece ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
Geothermal Fluids ◽  
Solid Biomass

Greenhouses consume large amounts of energy compared with other agricultural activities contributing to environmental pollution. However the current advances in sustainable energy technologies allow the use of benign energy sources for heat and power generation in them. Various renewable and high efficiency energy technologies are currently used in Greece or could be used in the near future in them. The technologies are mature, reliable and cost-effective. Among them the direct geothermal energy, solid biomass, solar-PV, waste heat re-use and co-generation of heat and power. Their use in small or larger greenhouses reduces the environmental pollution due to fossil fuels use, lowers the dependence on imported fuels, promote investments and create jobs in the local societies. Currently modern hydroponic greenhouses in northern Greece use co-generation of heat and power systems fuelled with natural gas. Heat is used in the greenhouses and the generated power is fed into the grid. Others utilize direct geothermal fluids for space heating. Solid biomass is also used for heating them. All of them can cover all the heating needs in greenhouses. Industrial rejected heat from lignite fired power plants in northern Greece could be easily used in the future for heating them. At the same time the high solar irradiance allows the use of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems for power generation in them. Further integration of sustainable energies in greenhouses in Greece requires the governmental support both in the form of financial subsidies and in removing the existing barriers preventing their use.

scholarly journals Overview of the Use of Sustainable Energies in Agricultural Greenhouses

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 36 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Vourdoubas
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Renewable Energies ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Energy Technologies

<p>Global concern on environmental problems like climate changes has altered our energy patterns promoting non-polluting renewable energies instead of fossil fuels. Technological advances in sustainable energy technologies allow their increasing use in all sectors of everyday life. Agricultural greenhouses utilize energy for heating, cooling and operation of various electric devices. The highest amount of energy used in greenhouses is consumed in heating them. Controlling crops growth conditions including temperature results in higher productivity and in better economic results. Various sustainable energies including renewable energies and high efficiency and low carbon energy technologies have been used in commercial scale and the technical and economic viability of others has been investigated in experimental scale. Among renewable energies solar energy, biomass and geothermal energy can be used in order to cover part or all of the energy requirements for heating, cooling and power generation of greenhouses. Energy efficient and low carbon technologies like co-generation of heat and power, heat pumps, fuel cells but also waste heat can be used also for energy generation in them. Governmental energy incentives for the promotion of sustainable energies like feed-in tariffs or net-metering allow the use of the abovementioned energy technologies for electricity generation in greenhouses offering additional economic benefits to the farmers. Use of the sustainable energies which are mature, reliable and cost effective in greenhouses results in mitigation of climate changes, use of local renewable energy resources instead of fossil fuels and better profitability of the cultivated crop.</p>

Controlling CO2 Emissions from Power Plants: A Environmental View

2011 ◽  
Vol 110-116 ◽  
pp. 2049-2053
Author(s):  
Sandeep G. Kotakar ◽  
Ravindra R. Navthar
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Power Generation ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Policy Dialogue ◽  
Fossil Fuel Power Plants

We are aware of the present scientific concerns regarding greenhouse gas emissions and the role of fossil fuel use for power generation. Although the scientific and policy dialogue on global climate change is far from conclusive, we want to design high efficiency power generation equipment with the most modern technologies to utilize fossil fuels with the lowest possible emissions and technologies to remove and sequester carbon dioxide created in power plants in an environmentally and economically favorable manner. This paper is an overview of activities to study and develop controls for carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from power generation. First, energy efficiency improvements for both new and Existing fossil fuel power plants are briefly reviewed for both coal and natural gas fuels. Greater depth is then given to options for CO2 capture and sequestration. These studies are looking at current and novel power generation technologies.

High efficiency GeTe-based materials and modules for thermoelectric power generation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tong Xing ◽  
Qingfeng Song ◽  
Pengfei Qiu ◽  
Qihao Zhang ◽  
Ming Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Thermoelectric Power ◽  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Waste Heat Recovery ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Thermoelectric Performance ◽  
Thermoelectric Generators ◽  
Thermoelectric Power Generation

GeTe-based materials have a great potential to be used in thermoelectric generators for waste heat recovery due to their excellent thermoelectric performance, but their module research is greatly lagging behind...

scholarly journals A Review of Combined Regenerative Suspension and Electromagnetic Braking system

2020 ◽  
Vol 06 (09) ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
Prof. Gaffar G. Momin, Rushikesh Barve, Manasi Shah, Nikita Sutar and Dominic Jibin James
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Suspension System ◽  
Braking System ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
Shock Absorbers ◽  
System A ◽  
Linear Vibrations ◽  
Vehicle Suspension System ◽  
Significant Attention

Considering the rate of depletion of the available oil-based fuels, Renewable Energy Technologies are receiving significant attention in these years. It is, therefore, necessary to find alternatives to energy sources. This project focusses on one such alternative. A study is done on a vehicle suspension system and braking system. Suspension in vehicles produces linear vibrations due to the roughness on the roads. These vibrations are absorbed the shock absorbers and dissipated in the form of heat. In the case of a conventional braking system,a huge amount of heat is lost due to friction. This study proposes a design of a system where the heat lost in the suspension system is extracted, converted into a usable form of electrical energy and stored in batteries. This stored energy is further used in the operation of electromagnet powered brakes. Using the Regenerative Suspension System reduces the waste of energy in the shock absorbers and gives an alternative energy source and use of the Electromagnetic Braking System ensures frictionless braking. Thus, the overall consumption of energy is reduced by a notable amount.

Spray-on thermoelectric energy harvester

MRS Advances ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (15) ◽  
pp. 851-855 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert E. Peale ◽  
Seth Calhoun ◽  
Nagendra Dhakal ◽  
Isaiah O. Oladeji ◽  
Francisco J. González
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Power Generation ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Spray Deposition ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Seebeck Coefficients ◽  
Thermoelectric Energy ◽  
P Type ◽  
Energy From Waste

AbstractThermoelectric (TE) thin films have promise for harvesting electrical energy from waste heat. We demonstrate TE materials and thermocouples deposited by aqueous spray deposition on glass. The n-type material was CdO doped with Mn and Sn. Two p-type materials were investigated, namely PbS with co-growth of CdS and doped with Na and Na2CoO4. Seebeck coefficients, resistivity, and power generation for thermocouples were characterized.

Ternary Copper-Based Diamond-Like Semiconductors for Thermoelectric Applications

2009 ◽  
Vol 1166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald T Morelli ◽  
Eric J. Skoug
Keyword(s):  
Thermoelectric Materials ◽  
Waste Heat Recovery ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Direct Conversion ◽  
Thermoelectric Device ◽  
Climate Control

AbstractThermoelectric materials can provide sources of clean energy and increase the efficiency of existing processes. Solar energy, waste heat recovery, and climate control are examples of applications that could benefit from the direct conversion between thermal and electrical energy provided by a thermoelectric device. The widespread use of thermoelectric devices has been prevented by their lack of efficiency, and thus the search for high-efficiency thermoelectric materials is ongoing. Here we describe our initial efforts studying copper-containing ternary compounds for use as high-efficiency thermoelectric materials that could provide low-cost alternatives to their silver-containing counterparts. The compounds of interest are semiconductors that crystallize in structures that are variants of binary zincblende structure compounds. Two examples are the compounds Cu2SnSe3 and Cu3SbSe4, for which we present here preliminary thermoelectric characterization data.

scholarly journals Combined Cycles Permit the Most Environmentally Benign Conversion of Fossil Fuels to Electricity

1990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guenther Haupt ◽  
John S. Joyce ◽  
Konrad Kuenstle
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Steam Boiler

The environmental impact of unfired combined-cycle blocks of the GUD® type is compared with that of equivalent reheat steam boiler/turbine units. The outstandingly high efficiency of GUD blocks not only conserves primary-energy resources, but also commensurately reduces undesirable emissions and unavoidable heat rejection to the surroundings. In addition to conventional gas or oil-fired GUD blocks, integrated coal-gasification combined-cycle (ICG-GUD) blocks are investigated from an ecological point of view so as to cover the whole range of available fossil fuels. For each fuel and corresponding type of GUD power plant the most appropriate conventional steam-generating unit of most modern design is selected for comparison purposes. In each case the relative environmental impact is stated in the form of quantified emissions, effluents and waste heat, as well as of useful byproducts and disposable solid wastes. GUD blocks possess the advantage that they allow primary measures to be taken to minimize the production of NOx and SOx, whereas both have to be removed from the flue gases of conventional steam stations by less effective and desirable, albeit more expensive secondary techniques, e.g. flue-gas desulfurization and DENOX systems. In particular, the comparison of CO2 release reveals a significantly lower contribution by GUD blocks to the greenhouse effect than by other fossil-fired power plants.

scholarly journals PERANCANGAN SOLAR CELL SEBAGAI SUMBER ENERGI LISTRIK ALTERNATIF UNTUK PENERANGAN LOBBY FAKULTAS TEKNIK UNIVERSITAS RIAU KEPULAUAN

SIGMA TEKNIKA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 151
Author(s):  
Endang Susanti
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cell ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Electricity Supply ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The University ◽  
Research And Design ◽  
Current Energy

Electricity is one of the most important needs of the community electricity shorttages are very disturbing human activities as well as the University of Riau Islands campus is very dependent on electricity supply from PLN, because this campus conducts tearning activities at night, the current energy is mustly fulfilled by fosil fuel energy such as petroleum, coal and natural gas but the supply of this energie is decreasing, PLN which as a supply of electricity is very dependent on fossil fuels so that PLN can at any time turn out blackouts on the campus of the University of Riau Islands very disturbed with the rilling blackout because the campus will be dark.there needs to be alternative energy at least illuminating as long as the electricity from PLN is on, this research and design is to build asolar electricity supply sistem to help temporary lighting in this design. PLTS is utilized as Alternative electrical energy to illuminatethe lobby of the Faculty of engineering Universitas Riau.Byusing50Wp solar cell panel,charge controller to maintain the stability of the sistem and 42 Ah batrtery, by using this sistem Dc lamps as a load of 54 Watt batrei capacitycan be lit during a blackout from the PLN. 

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