Development of Bottom ash Block for control Surface Temeperature of Pavement and Non-point Source Pollution

2009 ◽  
Vol 1170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong-Bin Park ◽  
Sangho Lee ◽  
Ree-Ho Kim ◽  
Hee-Bum Pyun
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Control Surface ◽  
Point Source Pollution ◽  
Durability Test ◽  
Permeable Pavement ◽  
Urban Heat ◽  
Island Phenomena

AbstractPermeable pavement systems to alleviate urban heat island phenomena are suitable for a variety of residential, commercial and industrial applications, yet are confined to light duty and infrequent usage. And Most of study for the permeable pavement is limited to asphalt pavement. Also, immense quantities of coal combustion by-products are produced every year, but only a small fraction of them are currently utilized, particularly bottom ash which is used in this study. In this study, we aimed at the development of new permeable and water absorbing pavement blocks. Optimum conditions for compressive strength and water absorption, volume of water retention and porosity characteristics were investigated for production of the pavement blocks from bottom ash. In addition, removal efficiencies of pollutants in road runoff by the pavement blocks were compared under various conditions. Experimental results showed that the compressive strengths and water absorption after 7 and 28days for blocks were 12˜15MPa and 18%, respectively. Also, turbidity and heavy metals in rainwater were successfully removed. So, further study on the durability test such as the effect of surface fouling by dust is possibly needed prior to use the new bricks as construction materials.

Experimental Study of Non-Sintering Block for Reducing Surface Temperature Using Recycling Bottom Ash

2009 ◽  
Vol 620-622 ◽  
pp. 105-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong Bin Park ◽  
Sang Ho Lee ◽  
Chae Sung Gee ◽  
Hee Bum Pyun
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Water Runoff ◽  
Permeable Pavement ◽  
Storm Water Runoff ◽  
Urban Heat ◽  
Pavement Temperature ◽  
Island Phenomena ◽  
By Products

Permeable pavement systems are suitable for a variety of residential, commercial and industrial applications because pavements such as water-retentive or water absorbing pavements are helpful to alleviate urban heat island phenomena by reducing pavement temperature, yet are confined to light duty and infrequent usage. And most of study for the permeable pavement is limited to asphalt pavement. Also, immense quantities of coal combustion by-products are produced every year, but only a small fraction of them are currently utilized, particularly bottom ash which is used in this study. So, in this study, it was intended to develop new permeable and water-absorbing pavement blocks to control pavement temperature and storm water runoff. And mechanical characteristics-compressive strength, porosity etc were carried out. Also, Experiments for thermal environment characteristics and pollution control were carried out in laboratory scale using modified pavement samples. Experimental results indicated that blocks with bottom ash were suited to standard and possessed excellent water-retentive and water purification ability.

scholarly journals Applying Mixture of Municipal Incinerator Bottom Ash and Sewage Sludge Ash for Ceramic Tile Manufacturing

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 3863
Author(s):  
Deng-Fong Lin ◽  
Wei-Jhu Wang ◽  
Chia-Wen Chen ◽  
Kuo-Liang Lin
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Ceramic Tile ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Sewage Sludge Ash ◽  
Kiln Temperature ◽  
Sludge Ash

Municipal incinerator bottom ash (MIBA) and sewage sludge ash (SSA) are secondary wastes produced from municipal incinerators. Landfills, disposal at sea, and agricultural use have been the major outlets for these secondary wastes. As global emphasis on sustainability arises, many have called for an increasing reuse of waste materials as valuable resources. In this study, MIBA and SSA were mixed with clay for ceramic tile manufacturing in this study. Raw materials firstly went through TCLP (Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure) to ensure their feasibility for reuse. From scanning electron microscopy (SEM), clay’s smooth surface was contrasted with the porous surface of MIBA and SSA, which led to a higher water requirement for the mixing. Specimens with five MIBA mix percentages of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% (wt) and three SSA mix percentages of 0%, 10%, and 20% (wt) were made to compare how the two waste materials affected the quality of the final product and to what extent. Shrinkage tests showed that MIBA and SSA contributed oppositely to tile shrinkage, as more MIBA reduced tile shrinkage, while more SSA encouraged tile shrinkage. However, as the kiln temperature reached 1150 °C, the SiO2-rich SSA adversely reduced the shrinkage due to the glass phase that formed to expand the tile instead. Both MIBA and SSA increased water tile absorption and reduced its bending strength and wear resistance. Increasing the kiln temperature could effectively improve the water absorption, bending strength, and wear resistance of high MIBA and SSA mixes, as SEM showed a more compact structure at higher temperatures. However, when the temperature reached 1100 °C, more pores appeared and seemingly exhausted the benefit brought by the higher temperature. Complex interactions between kiln temperature and MIBA/SSA mix percentage bring unpredictable performance of tile shrinkage, bending strength, and water absorption, which makes it very challenging to create a sample meeting all the specification requirements. We conclude that a mix with up to 20% of SSA and 5% of MIBA could result in quality tiles meeting the requirements for interior or exterior flooring applications when the kiln temperature is carefully controlled.

scholarly journals A Review on Cementitious Materials Including Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Bottom Ash (MSWI-BA) as Aggregates

Buildings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 179
Author(s):  
Jad Bawab ◽  
Jamal Khatib ◽  
Said Kenai ◽  
Mohammed Sonebi
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Waste Incineration ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Incineration ◽  
Municipal Solid Wastes

Waste management is a vital environmental issue in the world today. Municipal solid wastes (MSWs) are discarded in huge quantities on a daily basis and need to be well controlled. Incineration is a common method for reducing the volume of these wastes, yet it produces ashes that require further assessment. Municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash (MSWI-BA) is the bulk byproduct of the incineration process and has the potential to be used in the construction sector. This paper offers a review of the use of MSWI-BA as aggregates in cementitious materials. With the growing demand of aggregates in cementitious materials, MSWI-BA is considered for use as a partial or full alternative. Although the physical and chemical properties of MSWI-BA are different than those of natural aggregates (NA) in terms of water absorption, density, and fineness, they can be treated by various methods to ensure suitable quality for construction purposes. These treatment methods are classified into thermal treatment, solidification and stabilization, and separation processes, where this review focuses on the techniques that reduce deficiencies limiting the use of MSWI-BA as aggregates in different ways. When replacing NA in cementitious materials, MSWI-BA causes a decrease in workability, density, and strength. Moreover, they cause an increase in water absorption, air porosity, and drying shrinkage. In general, the practicality of using MSWI-BA in cementitious materials is mainly influenced by its treatment method and the replacement level, and it is concluded that further research, especially on durability, is required before MSWI-BA can be efficiently used in the production of sustainable cementitious materials.

scholarly journals Bottom Ash Waste Used in Different Construction Materials

2017 ◽  
Vol 189 ◽  
pp. 012013 ◽  
Author(s):  
G G Volokitin ◽  
N K Skripnikova ◽  
O G Volokitin ◽  
A V Lutsenko ◽  
V V Shekhovtsov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Construction Materials

scholarly journals Effect of Curing Method on Properties of Lightweight Foamed Concrete

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.29) ◽  
pp. 927 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bishir Kado ◽  
Shahrin Mohammad ◽  
Yeong Huei Lee ◽  
Poi Ngian Shek ◽  
Mariyana Aida Ab Kadir
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Precast Concrete ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Splitting Tensile Strength ◽  
Structural Members ◽  
Lightweight Construction ◽  
Foamed Concrete ◽  
Curing Method

Lightweight construction is aimed to achieve a sustainable feature by reducing transportation frequency and construction materials usage during construction phase. Lightweight precast concrete may serve an alternative for the lightweight construction. There are rarely application can be found for structural members as lightweight panels always to be used for secondary or non-load bearing members. This paper presents an experimental study on properties (compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, water absorption) of lightweight foamed concrete (LFC) at two different curing methods. LFC with densities of 1500, 1700, and 1800 kg/m3, cement-sand ratio of 2:1 and water-cement ratio of 0.5 were investigated. The results showed LFC can be produced with the properties ofdensity range of 1500 to 1800 kg/m3 and corresponding compressive strength of 10 to 39 MPa. The higher the density of LFC, the less the water absorption for all the curing method considered, the highest and the lowest water absorption was 11.3% and 2.0% for 1500 kg/m3 cured in water and 1800 kg/m3 cured in air respectively. Compressive strength of LFC increases with age and density while water cured LFC has high compressive strength. Splitting tensile strength increases with density of LFC, but air cured LFC has more splitting tensile strength than water cured of the same density. The highest splitting tensile strength recorded was 3.92 MPa for 1800 kg/m3 cured in air, which was about 16% of its compressive strength at 28 days of curing age. These properties are important and can be applied to LFC precast structural members with air or water curing method which have less references for LFC in structural usage.  

scholarly journals Mechanical Properties, Permeability, and Freeze–Thaw Resistance of Pervious Concrete Modified by Waste Crumb Rubbers

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanbing Liu ◽  
Guobao Luo ◽  
Yafeng Gong ◽  
Haibin Wei
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Rubber Particle ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Pervious Concrete ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Freeze Thaw ◽  
Urban Heat ◽  
Island Phenomena ◽  
Pavement Material

Due to the negative effects that derive from large impervious surfaces in urban areas, pervious concrete has been developed, and has become an environmentally friendly pavement material. As a porous and permeable material, pervious concrete presents an overwhelming advantage in solving urban problems, such as flooding, groundwater decline, urban heat island phenomena, etc. Waste crumb rubber has been verified as a feasible modifier for pavement material. The objective of this paper is to explore the effects of rubber particle size and incorporation level on the permeability, mechanical properties, and freeze–thaw resistance of pervious concrete. Two kinds of rubbers (fine and coarse) with four incorporation levels (2%, 4%, 6%, and 8%) are used in the experiment. Permeability, compressive strength, flexural strength, flexural strain, and freeze–thaw resistance are tested. The results indicate that the addition of rubber slightly decreases strength and permeability, but significantly enhances ductility and freeze-thaw resistance. Fine crumb rubber with a suitable incorporation level could remarkably improve the ductility and freeze–thaw resistance of pervious concrete without sacrificing excessively strength and permeability.

scholarly journals Use of Industrial Waste for the Optimization of Ceramic Construction Materials

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Galhano ◽  
Pedro Lamas ◽  
Diogo Seixas
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Fine Fraction ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
High Production Rate ◽  
Marble Powder

The massive growth of the ceramic industry and the consequent demand for construction materials worldwide has motivated the search for alternative solutions aimed at reducing the use of mineral / natural resources as the main source of raw materials. One of the strategies frequently adopted by the scientific community is the reuse of industrial waste. It is beneficial not only to reduce the overexploitation of mineral resources but also to reduce the environmental, economic and social impacts resulting from their incorrect disposal/treatment and consequent deposition on land unsuitable or that purpose. Duetoconsiderationssuchasphysico-mechanical characteristics and the high production rate, two different types of industrial waste were selected for this work, ashes resulting from the burning of coal in thermoelectric power plant, commonly known as bottom ash (B), and the Marble Powder (MP). It was intended to test the technological feasibility of the manufacture of ceramic materials produced from clay mixtures containing these two residues. For this purpose, the fine fraction(<63μm)obtained from the sieving of the marbleresidue(MR)and slag(Bf)was used,aswellasacoarsergrainslagfractionrangingfrom63-125μm(Bg). The resulting test samples were subjected to a firing of 950 °C under an oxidizing atmosphere, following a primary drying process. Faced with the standard values, the new ceramic materials obtained from MP have seen their mechanical and porous characteristics decrease and increase, respectively. Atthesametime,althoughtheadditionofBinno way influenced the mechanical characteristics,a significant improvement the porous characteristic was observed. The incorporation of these residues produced a color very close to the original sample material. Keywords: industrial waste, ceramic, construction materials, bottom ash, Marble Powder

scholarly journals CHARACTERISTICS OF PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF WOOD POWDER COMPOSITES AND BAGASSEAS CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS OF SHIP

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ersti Yulika Sari ◽  
Polaris Nasution ◽  
Fajri Ramdhan1
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Absorption Test ◽  
Wood Powder ◽  
Powder Composites ◽  
Density Values ◽  
Water Absorption Test ◽  
Composite Wood

Parameters for measuring the physical properties on this research are divided into three elements, including measurement of weight, water absorption, and density. This research was conducted from January to March 2018 to determine the physical properties of wood powder composites and bagasse. The manufacturing and testing process refers to the ASTM and JIS standards. Weight and density testing refer to the ASTM D 792 standard while the water absorption test refers to the JIS A5908 standard. The results showed that the density of wood powder was 0.4175 gr / cm3, and the bagasse was 0.3125 gr / cm3. Then, fiber absorption in units of volume to water and resin were 16.88% and 13.75% respectively. The results showed that the largest water absorption was found in composite wood powder 60% and bagasse 40%, which was 13.47%, and for the highest density values found in wood powder composites as much as 80% or 1,078.29 kg / m3

A WIRELESS NETWORK SYSTEM FOR AUTOMATED TRACKING OF CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS ON PROJECT SITES

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Won-Suk Jang ◽  
Mirosław J. Skibniewski
Keyword(s):  
Tracking System ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Signal Strength ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Network System ◽  
Automated Tracking ◽  
Hybrid Techniques ◽  
Strength Based

This paper presents a new prototype framework of automated tracking and monitoring system for construction materials. Previous technologies such as RFID and GPS deployed in construction material tracking have been reviewed and signal strength‐based localisation has been examined. As an emerging network standard for industrial applications, brief specifications of ZigBee™ protocol have been described. We introduce a ZigBee‐based tracking system architecture using hybrid techniques of RF and ultrasound to improve positioning accuracy and cost benefit. Finally, feasibility analysis and application scenario have been examined to present the possible deployment framework in construction area. Santrauka Straipsnyje aprašomas naujas automatizuotos statybinių medžiagų stebėsenos sistemos modelis. Apžvelgiamos tokios technologijos, kaip RFID ir GPS, anksčiau naudotos stebint statybines medžiagas, ir nagrinėjamas signalo stiprumu pagrįstas lokalizavimas. Aprašoma tinklo standarto ZigBee™ protokolo, naudojamo pramonėje, specifikacija. Pateikiama ZigBee tipo stebėjimo sistema, naudojanti RF ir ultragarso technologiją, skirtą pozicionavimo tikslumui gerinti ir jo kainai mažinti. Be to, pateikiama sistemos galimybių analizė ir taikymo sistema, nagrinėjanti galimą šios sistemos naudojimą statyboje.

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