Human Brain Like Memory Behavior in the Magnetic Domain Expansion Type Magneto-Optical Disk

2001 ◽  
Vol 674 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norio Ota ◽  
Hiroyuki Awano ◽  
Manabu Tani ◽  
Susumu Imai
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Magnetic Domain ◽  
Field Pattern ◽  
Human Response ◽  
External Stimulation ◽  
Stored Information ◽  
The Magnetic Field ◽  
Timing Phase ◽  
Coherent Amplification

ABSTRACTMagnetic Amplifying Magneto-Optical System (MAMMOS) shows human brain like memory behavior. Magnetic field and laser power have threshold to recover the stored memory like the human response of remembering. MAMMOS also has a feature to amplify very small recorded signals like our recovery of memory, e.g. fifty years ago episode.By adding the meaningful information on the magnetic field pattern, we can get some correlation between our memory and external stimulation. Such scheme is named as “the Active readout MAMMOS” which is analogues to the human process of remembering the memory.If the applied field pattern and timing phase just coincide with stored information, there occurs the coherent amplification of MAMMOS signal. We can utilize such phenomena as the trigger of “Memory Association”.

scholarly journals Comparison of human brain metabolite levels using 1H MRS at 1.5T and 3.0T

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Fernandes Paiva ◽  
Maria Concepcion Garcia Otaduy ◽  
Ricardo de Oliveira-Souza ◽  
Jorge Moll ◽  
Ivanei Edson Bramati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Field Strength ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Posterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
1H Mrs ◽  
Metabolite Concentrations ◽  
Expected Benefits ◽  
The Magnetic Field

ABSTRACT Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) of the human brain has proven to be a useful technique in several neurological and psychiatric disorders and benefits from higher field scanners as signal intensity and spectral resolution are proportional to the magnetic field strength. Objective: To investigate the effects of the magnetic field on the measurement of brain metabolites in a typical routine clinical setting. Methods: Single voxel spectra were acquired from the posterior cingulate cortex in 26 healthy subjects. Each subject was scanned consecutively at 1.5T and 3.0T in a randomly distributed order. Results: SNR and peak width improvements were observed at higher fields. However, SNR improvement was lower than the theoretical two-fold improvement. Other than the values obtained for creatine (Cre) and myo-Inositol (mI), which were both higher at 3.0T, all metabolite concentrations obtained were roughly the same at both field strengths. All the metabolite concentrations were estimated with a Cramer Rao lower bounds (CRLB) lower than 15% of the calculated concentrations. Conclusions: Even though the present study supports the expected benefits of higher field strength for MRS, there are several factors that can lead to different quantitative results when comparing 1.5T to 3.0T MRS. Future comparative studies are necessary to refine the metabolite thresholds for early detection and quantification of distinct neurological and psychiatric disorders using 3.0T MRS.

scholarly journals Enhancing Performance of Magnetic Field Based Indoor Localization Using Magnetic Patterns from Multiple Smartphones

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 2704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imran Ashraf ◽  
Soojung Hur ◽  
Yongwan Park
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Geomagnetic Field ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Performance Comparison ◽  
Magnetic Sensors ◽  
Location Based Services ◽  
Field Pattern ◽  
Magnetic Field Data ◽  
Localization Performance ◽  
The Magnetic Field

Wide expansion of smartphones triggered a rapid demand for precise localization that can meet the requirements of location-based services. Although the global positioning system is widely used for outdoor positioning, it cannot provide the same accuracy for the indoor. As a result, many alternative indoor positioning technologies like Wi-Fi, Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), and geomagnetic field localization have been investigated during the last few years. Today smartphones possess a rich variety of embedded sensors like accelerometer, gyroscope, and magnetometer that can facilitate estimating the current location of the user. Traditional geomagnetic field-based fingerprint localization, although it shows promising results, it is limited by the fact that various smartphones have embedded magnetic sensors from different manufacturers and the magnetic field strength that is measured from these smartphones vary significantly. Consequently, the localization performance from various smartphones is different even when the same localization approach is used. So devising an approach that can provide similar performance with various smartphones is a big challenge. Contrary to previous works that build the fingerprint database from the geomagnetic field data of a single smartphone, this study proposes using the geomagnetic field data collected from multiple smartphones to make the geomagnetic field pattern (MP) database. Many experiments are carried out to analyze the performance of the proposed approach with various smartphones. Additionally, a lightweight threshold technique is proposed that can detect user motion using the acceleration data. Results demonstrate that the localization performance for four different smartphones is almost identical when tested with the database made using the magnetic field data from multiple smartphones than that of which considers the magnetic field data from only one smartphone. Moreover, the performance comparison with previous research indicates that the overall performance of smartphones is improved.

The external and internal magnetic fields of Titan: Cassini observations

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanying Wei ◽  
Christopher Russell ◽  
Yingjuan Ma ◽  
Michele Dougherty
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Solar Wind Plasma ◽  
Internal Field ◽  
Lower Atmosphere ◽  
Field Pattern ◽  
Conductive Layer ◽  
Induced Field ◽  
External Sources ◽  
Field Lines ◽  
The Magnetic Field

<p>Titan has a thick atmosphere, the top of which is ionized and interacts with its plasma environment, i.e. usually the Saturnian magnetospheric plasma, but occasionally the magnetosheath or even the solar wind plasma. When the upstream plasma flow encounters Titan, the plasma slows down and diverts around Titan, and the magnetic field slowly diffuses into Titan’s ionosphere and induces currents in the ionosphere. The resulting magnetic field pattern is that, in the upstream of Titan, field lines drape around it, and in the downstream, the field lines stretch tail-like. Gradually these external fields penetrate into the lower atmosphere and the interior of Titan, and induce currents in any conductive layer if a conductive layer does indeed exist in Titan’s interior. This internally induced current acts to exclude the penetrated field. Both the internally induced field and the externally induced ionospheric field have strength and orientation variable with certain time scales because they are responses to the penetrated external field. The Cassini observations are a sum of fields from both internal and external sources. In this paper, we review the low altitude observations from all Cassini Titan flybys and examine the different behaviors of the external and internal fields, which ultimately provide an upper limit to Titan’s internal field leading to indications for Titan’s interior.</p>

scholarly journals Submillimetre polarimetric observations of magnetic fields in star-forming regions

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (S243) ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
Rachel L. Curran ◽  
Antonio Chrysostomou ◽  
Brenda C. Matthews
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Cumulative Distribution ◽  
High Mass ◽  
Continuum Emission ◽  
Field Pattern ◽  
Star Forming ◽  
Star Forming Regions ◽  
Low Mass ◽  
The Magnetic Field

AbstractSubmillimetre imaging polarimetry is one of the most powerful tools at present for studying magnetic fields in star-forming regions, and the only way to gain significant information on the structure of these fields. We present analysis of the largest sample (to date) of both high- and low-mass star-forming regions observed using this technique. A variety of magnetic field morphologies are observed, with no single field morphology favoured. Both the continuum emission morphologies and the field morphologies are generally more complex for the high-mass sample than the low-mass sample. The large scale magnetic field (observed with the JCMT; 14″ resolution) of NGC1333 IRAS2 is interpreted to be weak (compared to the energetic contributions due to turbulence) from the random field pattern observed. On smaller scales (observed with the BIMA array; 3″ resolution) the field is observed to be almost radial, consistent with the polarisation nulls in the JCMT data – suggesting that on smaller scales, the field may be more important to the star formation process. An analysis of the magnetic field direction and the jet/outflow axis is also discussed. Cumulative distribution functions of the difference between the mean position angle of the magnetic field vectors and the jet/outflow axis reveal no correlation. However, visual inspection of the maps reveal alignment of the magnetic field and jet/outflow axis in 7 out of 15 high-mass regions and 3 out of 8 low-mass regions.

scholarly journals Classroom activities to study Magnetic field patterns due to current configurations

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (09) ◽  
pp. 205-208
Author(s):  
Raveesha K.H ◽  
◽  
Vedavathi P ◽  
Vijayakumar H Doddamani ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Practical Knowledge ◽  
Field Pattern ◽  
Current Configuration ◽  
Specific Field ◽  
Classroom Activities ◽  
Field Patterns ◽  
The Magnetic Field ◽  
A Current

Magnets are widely used in electric devices such as motors, generators, speakers, microphones, scanning devices etc. Magnetic field produced by a current configuration like solenoid, circular coil and straight conductor find applications in engineering. In this article, techniques of visualizing the magnetic field patterns due to the above current configurations is demonstrated. These experiments are beneficial to identify suitable current configurations to produce a specific field pattern for applications in scanning and other applications. These experiments can be easily conducted in classroom. Students acquire practical knowledge on relationship between current and magnetic fields. This enables them to inculcate application skills to design current distributions to obtain a specific magnetic field pattern.

scholarly journals TO THE QUESTION OF THE CALCULATING OF THE SPECIAL DEVICES CHARACTERISTICS WITH A MAGNETIC SYSTEM BASED ON THE PERMANENT MAGNETS

2021 ◽  
pp. 77-82
Author(s):  
Alexandr Kriachok ◽  
Mykola Reutskyi ◽  
Dmytro Sushko
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Magnetic System ◽  
Test Body ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Field Pattern ◽  
Special Device ◽  
The Magnetic Field

The creation of modern computer-aided design systems for devices and electrical machines of new generation, built on the basis of permanent magnets, necessitates the development of new mathematical models and effective computational algorithms. Based on mathematical models and using IT technologies, it is possible to develop both separate functional CAD blocks and an integrated system for calculating device parameters and modeling its characteristics. The paper considers a typical design of an electromechanical device with permanent magnets, which create a field with specified characteristics in the working area. At the first stage of the study, the heterogeneity of the environment was not taken into account. To calculate the strength of the magnetic field created by rectangular magnets, two mathematical models were obtained. This approach made it possible, first, to check the results of calculations and, secondly, to use mathematical models for comparative analysis when performing numerical modeling of the magnetic field characteristics for a system built, for example, using cylindrical magnets. On the foundation of developed mathematical model, an algorithm for analyzing the initial characteristics of a special device with permanent magnets is proposed. Devices of this type can be used to register small displacements. At the same time, the very scheme of the magnetic system and mathematical models describing the properties of the magnetic field can be used in the development of other types of electrical devices built using permanent magnets. A number of experiments on numerical simulation of the magnetic field pattern in the working area of the device were performed in the work. The results of the sensor signal simulation during the movement of the test body are also presented.

MagiThings

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 23-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamed Ketabdar ◽  
Amin Haji-Abolhassani ◽  
Mehran Roshandel
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
User Interface ◽  
Mobile Devices ◽  
Mobile Device ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Field Pattern ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Device Interaction ◽  
The Magnetic Field

The theory of around device interaction (ADI) has recently gained a lot of attention in the field of human computer interaction (HCI). As an alternative to the classic data entry methods, such as keypads and touch screens interaction, ADI proposes a touchless user interface that extends beyond the peripheral area of a device. In this paper, the authors propose a new approach for around mobile device interaction based on magnetic field. Our new approach, which we call it “MagiThings”, takes the advantage of digital compass (a magnetometer) embedded in new generation of mobile devices such as Apple’s iPhone 3GS/4G, and Google’s Nexus. The user movements of a properly shaped magnet around the device deform the original magnetic field. The magnet is taken or worn around the fingers. The changes made in the magnetic field pattern around the device constitute a new way of interacting with the device. Thus, the magnetic field encompassing the device plays the role of a communication channel and encodes the hand/finger movement patterns into temporal changes sensed by the compass sensor. The mobile device samples momentary status of the field. The field changes, caused by hand (finger) gesture, is used as a basis for sending interaction commands to the device. The pattern of change is matched against pre-recorded templates or trained models to recognize a gesture. The proposed methodology has been successfully tested for a variety of applications such as interaction with user interface of a mobile device, character (digit) entry, user authentication, gaming, and touchless mobile music synthesis. The experimental results show high accuracy in recognizing simple or complex gestures in a wide range of applications. The proposed method provides a practical and simple framework for touchless interaction with mobile devices relying only on an internally embedded sensor and a magnet.

Gestural Interaction with Mobile Devices Based on Magnetic Field

2014 ◽  
pp. 203-222
Author(s):  
Kamer Ali Yüksel
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
User Authentication ◽  
Handwriting Recognition ◽  
Hand Movement ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Field Pattern ◽  
User Interactions ◽  
Device Interaction ◽  
3D User Interface ◽  
The Magnetic Field

The theory of around device interaction (ADI) has recently gained a lot of attention in the field of human computer interaction (HCI). As an alternative to the classic data entry methods, such as keypads and touch screens, ADI founds a 3D user interface that extends to the peripheral area of a device. In this chapter, the authors introduce a revolutionary interaction framework that is based on the idea of ADI. The proposed method constitutes a touchless data entry system that is based on the interaction between the magnetic fields around a device and a properly shaped magnet. The magnetic field that surrounds the device is generated by a magnetic sensor (compass) that is embedded in the new generation of mobile phones such as Apple’s iPhone 3GS and 4G, and Google’s Nexus one. The user movements of the properly shaped magnet in front of the device, then, deforms the sensor’s original magnetic field pattern whereby we can constitute a new means of communication between the user and the device. Thus, the magnetic field encompassing the device plays the role of a communication channel and encodes the hand-movement patterns of the user into temporal changes of the sensor’s magnetic field. In the back-end of the communication, an engine samples the momentary status of the field during a trial and recognizes the user’s pattern by matching it against some pre-recorded templates. The proposed method has been tested in a variety of applications such as handwriting recognition, user authentication, gesture recognition, and some entertainment applications. The experimental results show that the proposed interface not only elevates the convenience of user-device interactions, but also shows very promising accuracies in a wide range of applications requiring user interactions.

An algorithm for controlling hybrid magnetic bearings using the magnetic field pattern

2013 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 794-799 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. E. Vavilov ◽  
A. A. Gerasin ◽  
F. R. Ismagilov ◽  
I. Kh. Khairullin
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Bearings ◽  
Field Pattern ◽  
The Magnetic Field
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