Nanoengineering of Carbon Nanotubes and the Status of its Applications

Arc Discharge ◽

Scanning Probe ◽

Gas Temperature ◽

The Status ◽

Probe Microscope ◽

AbstractWe have developed a well-controlled method for manipulating carbon nanotubes. The first crucial process involved is to prepare a nanotube array, named nanotube cartridge. We have found the ac electrophoresis of nanotubes by which nanotubes are aligned at the knife-edge. The nanotubes used were multiwalled and prepared by an arc discharge with a relatively high gas temperature. The second important process is to transfer a nanotube from the nanotube cartridge onto a substrate in a scanning electron microscope. Using this method, we have developed nanotube tips and nanotube tweezers that operate in a scanning probe microscope. The nanotube probes have been applied for observation of biological samples and industrial samples to clarify their advantages. The nanotube tweezers have demonstrated their motion in scanning-electron-microscope and operated to carry nanomaterials in a scanning probe microscope.

Carbon-Nanotube Engineering for Probes and Tweezers Operating in Scanning Probe Microscope

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-772-m8.4 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 772 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yoshikazu Nakayama ◽

Seiji Akita

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscope ◽

Carbon Nanotube ◽

Scanning Probe ◽

Knife Edge ◽

Maximum Current ◽

Probe Microscope ◽

Carbon Nanotube Devices ◽

AbstractWe have developed a series of processes for preparing carbon nanotube devices of probes and tweezers that operate in scanning probe microscope (SPM). The main developments are a nanotube cartridge where nanotubes are aligned at a knife-edge to be easily picked up one by one and a scanning-electron-microscope manipulator by which a nanotube is transferred from the nanotube cartridge onto a Si tip under observing its view.We have also developed the electron ablation of a nanotube to adjust its length and the sharpening of a multiwall nanotube to have its inner layer with or without an end cap at the tip. For the sharpening process, the free end of a nanotube protruded from the cartridge was attached onto a metal-coated Si tip and the voltage was applied to the nanotube. At a high voltage giving the saturation of current, the current decreased stepwise in the temporal variation, indicating the sequential destruction of individual nanotube layers. The nanotube was finally cut at the middle of the nanotube bridge, and its tip was sharpened to have an inner layer with an opened end. Moving up the cartridge before cutting enables us to extract the inner layer with an end cap.It is evidenced that the maximum current at each layer during the stepwise decrease depends on its circumference, and the force for extracting the inner layer with ∼ 5nm diameter is ∼ 4 nN.

A Scanning Probe Microscope in My Scanning Electron Microscope?

Microscopy Today ◽

10.1017/s1551929500063112 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 22-23

Author(s):

George J. Collins

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscope ◽

Scientific Literature ◽

The Other ◽

Scanning Probe ◽

Primary Reason ◽

Probe Microscope ◽

Scanning probe microscopes (SPMs) designed to fit into scanning elec- tron microscopes (SEMs) are now becoming commercially available and you might ask, "Why would I want to put an SPM in my SEM"? The primary reason is that the too forms of microscope are very complimentary. Each microscope extends the power of the other. The SEM can do things that are hard to do with an SPM, and vice versa.Not long after the introduction of the STM and the AFM, a few re- searchers built custom SPMs and installed them in their SEMs. The reports of these projects to build hybrid microscopes and examples of the data they produced can be found in the scientific literature.

Some Morphologic Peculiarities of the Tectorial Membrane by Low Vacuum Scanning Electron Microscope and Scanning Probe Microscope

Otology & Neurotology ◽

10.1097/00129492-200201000-00027 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 107

Author(s):

Manabu Mogitate ◽

Koichi Ishiyama ◽

Eiichi Ishiyama

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscope ◽

Scanning Probe ◽

Tectorial Membrane ◽

Probe Microscope ◽

Study on the Formation of Nanometer Silver Sol by Micro Arc Discharge

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.490-491.8 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 490-491 ◽

pp. 8-13

Author(s):

Jing Yang ◽

Zhi Yu Yan ◽

Bing Sun ◽

Qiao Min Wang

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscope ◽

Electrolyte Solution ◽

Sodium Citrate ◽

Preparation Method ◽

Arc Discharge ◽

Energy Dispersive Spectrometer ◽

Original Size ◽

Stabilizer Type ◽

A preparation of nanometer silver sol by micro arc discharge has been study here through the reduction of Ag3PO4. Sodium citrate and polyvinylpyrrolidone were added respectively into the electrolyte as stabilizer. The results show that, the Ag3PO4 concentration, stabilizer type and concentration have great impacts on the formation of the nanometer silver sol. By means of UV-VIS extinction spectrophotometer, scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive spectrometer, it is found that the solid powder extracted from the electrolyte solution after discharge is the aggregation of the silver formed in the solution and their original size maybe less than 20nm. Nanometer silver with smaller size and narrower size distribution can be obtained with sodium citrate as stabilizer than with polyvinylpyrrolidone. But the latter has higher conversion rate. From this experiment, we found that micro arc discharge can be a rapid, stable preparation method of nanometer silver sol.

Protocirrineris (Polychaeta:Cirratulidae) in South Africa and description of two new species

Revista de Biología Tropical ◽

10.15517/rbt.v67is5.38931 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 67 (S5) ◽

pp. S70-S80

Author(s):

Rodolfo Elías ◽

María Andrea Saracho-Bottero ◽

Carol Anne Simon

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscope ◽

New Species ◽

Southern Africa ◽

New Techniques ◽

Tropical Regions ◽

Diagnostic Characters ◽

Two New Species ◽

The Status ◽

Introduction: The knowledge of polychaetes in the subtropical region of Africa benefited from the activity of J. Day. However, 50 years after the publication of his Monograph of the Polychaeta of southern Africa, it is necessary to reconsider the identity of the Cirratulidae due to changes in the diagnostic characters and new approaches to the taxonomy of the group to corroborate the status of cosmopolitan species in this region. Objective: We hypothesize that biodiversity of multitentacular Cirratulidae polychaetes has been significantly underestimated in southern Africa. Methods: The present work analyzes material deposited in the Iziko museum, as well as recently collected specimens, using scanning electron microscope to identify them. Results: The material corresponds to two new species belonging to the genus Protocirrineris. Protocirrineris strandloperarum sp. nov. is characterized by having the tentacular filaments between the chaetigers 5 to 10-12 and the first pair of branchiae from chaetiger 7, and P. magalhaesi sp. nov. is characterized by having tentacular filaments between chaetigers 4-8 and the first pair of branchiae from chaetigers 2 or 3. Descriptions of these species, with light and scanning electron microscope images, are given. Schematic drawings of the two new species are shown comparatively with diagnostic characters. Conclusions: The use of new techniques enables discovery of new taxonomic characters and two new species of the genus. The diversity of Cirratulidae polychaetes is underestimated also in the subtropical and tropical regions of Africa.

Highly sensitive compression sensors using three-dimensional printed polydimethylsiloxane/carbon nanotube nanocomposites

Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures ◽

10.1177/1045389x19835953 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 30 (8) ◽

pp. 1216-1224 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Mohammad Charara ◽

Mohammad Abshirini ◽

Mrinal C Saha ◽

M Cengiz Altan ◽

Yingtao Liu

Keyword(s):

Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Electron Microscope ◽

Carbon Nanotube ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Multi Walled Carbon Nanotube ◽

Highly Sensitive ◽

Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽

This article presents three-dimensional printed and highly sensitive polydimethylsiloxane/multi-walled carbon nanotube sensors for compressive strain and pressure measurements. An electrically conductive polydimethylsiloxane/multi-walled carbon nanotube nanocomposite is developed to three-dimensional print compression sensors in a freestanding and layer-by-layer manner. The dispersion of multi-walled carbon nanotubes in polydimethylsiloxane allows the uncured nanocomposite to stand freely without any support throughout the printing process. The cross section of the compression sensors is examined under scanning electron microscope to identify the microstructure of nanocomposites, revealing good dispersion of multi-walled carbon nanotubes within the polydimethylsiloxane matrix. The sensor’s sensitivity was characterized under cyclic compression loading at various max strains, showing an especially high sensitivity at lower strains. The sensing capability of the three-dimensional printed nanocomposites shows minimum variation at various applied strain rates, indicating its versatile potential in a wide range of applications. Cyclic tests under compressive loading for over 8 h demonstrate that the long-term sensing performance is consistent. Finally, in situ micromechanical compressive tests under scanning electron microscope validated the sensor’s piezoresistive mechanism, showing the rearrangement, reorientation, and bending of the multi-walled carbon nanotubes under compressive loads, were the main reasons that lead to the piezoresistive sensing capabilities in the three-dimensional printed nanocomposites.