scholarly journals Pengaruh Pemupukan N dan Frekuensi Pemangkasan Tajuk pada Aspek Agronomis dan Hasil Tanaman Ubi Jalar (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) var. Kretek

Jurnal Agro ◽  
10.15575/856 ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Edy Suminarti

Penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi tentang pemupukan N dan frekuensi pemangkasan tajuk yang tepat pada tanaman ubi jalar (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.). penelitian dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Universitas Brawijaya, di Desa Jatikerto, Malang. Rancangan perlakuan yang digunakan adalah Petak Terbagi, dosis pupuk N ditempatkan pada petak utama, terdiri dari 4 taraf : (1) tanpa dipupuk N, (2) dipupuk 67,5 kg N ha-1, (3) dipupuk 135 kg N ha-1 dan (4) dipupuk 202,5 kg N ha-1. Pemangkasan tajuk ditempatkan pada anak petak, terdiri dari 4 macam : (1) tanpa dipangkas, (2) dipangkas 1 kali, (3) dipangkas 2 kali dan (4) dipangkas 3 kali. Pengumpulan data dilakukan secara destruktif meliputi luas daun, masa luas daun, panjang umbi, diameter umbi, bobot umbi per tanaman dan indeks pembagian. Uji F taraf 5% digunakan untuk menguji pengaruh perlakuan, sedangkan perbedaan diantara perlakuan didasarkan pada nilai Duncan taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terjadi interaksi nyata pada luas daun, masa luas daun dan bobot umbi per tanaman. Luas daun dan masa luas daun tertinggi umumnya didapatkan pada pemupukan N dosis 202,5 kg N ha-1 dengan tanpa maupun dengan pemangkasan tajuk 1 kali. Bobot umbi per tanaman tertinggi didapatkan pada tanaman yang diberi pupuk N dengan dosis 135 kg N ha-1 dan pemangkasan tajuk 1 kali.     A field reaserch that aimed to get the appropriate of N application and frequency of topping was conducted in the experimental field of Brawijaya University, located in Jatikerto village, Malang. The experimental treatments consist of  four  levels of N (0 ; 67.5 kg N ha-1, 135 kg N ha-1 and 202.5 kg N ha-1) and four levels frequency of topping (without topping, 1, 2, and 3 of topping). These treatments were arranged in a split plot design; N application in the main plot and frequency of  topping in the subplot with three replications. Data was collected destructively including component of growth, component of yield and plant growth analysis.  F test at 5% is used to determine the effect of treatments, while the average difference between treatments was referred to Duncan value at 5%. The result showed there were significantly interaction between N application and frequency of topping on component of growth and   weight of tuber per plant.   Combination of N application dosage 202.5 kg ha-1 and non or once topped had resulted the highest of leaf area and leaf area duration. While the highest of weight tuber per plant was obtained on  N dosage 135 kg ha-1 and topping one times.

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 615-620
Author(s):  
LISA MAWARNI ◽  
TENGKU CHAIRUN NISA ◽  
JUSTIN A NAPITUPULU ◽  
KARYUDI KARYUDI

Abstract. Mawarni L, Nisa TC, Napitupulu JA, Karyudi. 2019. Determination of leaf status of soybean varieties on shading. Biodiversitas 20: 615-620. The shading tolerant soybean varieties could be identified through the character growth such as leaf status. This study was aimed to obtain the shading tolerant of soybean variety based on their seed size and on the leaf status. Design of experiments was a split-plot design with three replications. The level of shading as the main plot with four levels of treatment was without shading, 30%, 50%, and 70% shading. Soybean varieties as the subplot had 4 genotypes namely Anjasmoro, Pangrango, Tanggamus, and Nanti wherein one variety comes with large seed; two come with medium seeds and the other one comes with small seed. The leaf status for determination was the greenness of leaves, the sum of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll a and b, the forms of chloroplasts and leaf area. The soybean varieties with different seed sizes showed the differences only on the leaf area but not on leaf greenness or on the sum of chlorophyll. Nanti variety, having small seed, turns out to have the largest leaf area but is not shade tolerant. The large leaf area may be due to the forming of tetra foliate leaves on Nanti variety. The form of chloroplast of Anjasmoro variety in 70% shading is better than other varieties. Therefore, determining leaf status can identify shading tolerant of soybeans.


2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Meksy Dianawati ◽  
Hilda Farida ◽  
Sri Muhartini

<p>Kentang merupakan sayuran yang memiliki prospek untuk mendukung program diversifikasi pangan. Akan tetapi saat ini produksi di dalam negeri masih rendah akibat penggunaan benih yang kurang bermutu. Sistem irigasi tetes berpeluang untuk diterapkan pada produksi benih kentang G0. Penelitian  bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh frekuensi dan volume fertigasi terhadap produksi benih G0 kentang pada sistem irigasi tetes. Penelitian  dilaksanakan sejak bulan Mei sampai dengan September 2016 di Rumah Kassa Desa Cikahuripan, Lembang, Bandung Barat, Jawa Barat dengan ketinggian 1.200 m dpl. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan petak terpisah (split plot design) dengan rancangan acak kelompok lengkap dan tiga ulangan. Sebagai petak utama adalah frekuensi fertigasi sebanyak 3, 5, dan 7 kali. Sebagai anak petak adalah volume fertigasi (ml) setiap aplikasi, yaitu 100, 200, 300, dan 400. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak terjadi interaksi antara perlakuan frekuensi dan volume fertigasi terhadap semua peubah pengamatan. Frekuensi fertigasi terbaik terhadap bobot ubi per tanaman umur 100 HST adalah lima kali, yaitu jam 7, 10, 12, 14, dan 16. Volume fertigasi terbaik terhadap jumlah ubi ukuran besar umur 100 HST adalah 300 ml per aplikasi per polibag. Volume dan frekuensi fertigasi terbaik ini diharapkan tidak saja meningkatkan produksi benih, tetapi juga keuntungan usahatani yang diperoleh. Perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut untuk menginduksi pengumbian dengan mengalihkan ukuran ubi menjadi peningkatan jumlah ubi sebagai tujuan produksi benih G0.</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong></p><p><em>Solanum</em> tuberosum L.; Irigasi tetes; Fertigasi; Frekuensi; Volume</p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>Potato is one of vegetables that can be used as an alternative to support food diversification programs. But the potato production domestically is still low because of low quality seed. One of the potato seed technologies that can be developed is arragement of fertigation volumes and frequencies on drip fertigation. The objective of this research was to determine the best fertigation volume and frequency in G0 potato seed production in drip irrigation. This research was conducted from May to September 2016 at Screen House Cikahuripan Village, Lembang, Bandung on 1,200 m asl. The treatments were arranged in split plot design with randomized complete block design and three replications. The main plot was fertigation frequency which was consisted of three levels; 3, 5, and 7 times per day. The subplot was fertigation volume which was consisted of four levels; 100, 200, 300, and 400 ml per aplication. The result showed there was no interaction between fertigation frequency and volume on all observation. The best fertigation frequency on tuber weight per plant at 100 day after planting was five  times, i.e. 7, 10, 12, 14, and 16 o’clock. The best fertigation volume on number of big tuber at 100 day after planting was 300 ml per application. The best fertigation volume and frequency will increase not only seed production, but also profit of bussiness. Next research will be done to induction tuberization by transfering measurement of tuber to increase the amount of tuber as goal of production of G0 potato seed.</p><p> </p>


2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-51
Author(s):  
Lily Marlina ◽  
Joko Purnomo ◽  
Hilda Susanti

This study aimed to: (1) identify the interaction effect between varieties and mixed doses of urea + ZA on the growth and yield of shallots in Ultisol soil; (2) to identify the effect of each shallot varieties and the dosage mixture of urea + ZA which produce the highest yield in Ultisol soils. The research was conducted from April to June 2019 in Tungkaran Village, Martapura, with a split plot design. The main plot was shallot varieties (V) with three levels, namely Biru Lancor (v1), Bima Brebes (v2), and Super Philip (v3). Subplots were a mixture of urea + ZA (P) with four levels, namely 0 kg urea + 600 kg ZA (p1), 100 kg urea + ZA 400 kg (p2), 200 kg urea + 200 kg ZA (p3), and 300 urea kg + ZA 0 kg (p4). Each experiment was repeated three times. Therefore, there were 36 experimental units. Observation parameters included plant height, number of leaves per clump, number of bulbs per clump, fresh bulbs' weight per clump, and yield of stored dry bulbs. The results showed that the Bima Brebes variety (v2) had a significant effect on plant height, number of leaves, number of bulbs per clump, the weight of fresh bulbs per clump, and yield of stored dry bulbs. The mixture of 200 kg urea + 200 g ZA (p3) significantly affected plant height, number of leaves, number of tubers per clump, the weight of fresh tubers per clump, and yield of stored dry tubers.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-122
Author(s):  
Muddana Satya ◽  
◽  
Sanjay Swami ◽  

Phosphorus and boron are required for growth and development of black gram, and play an important role in the uptake of other nutrients such as N and K. The availability of P and B is less in acid soil because of fixation and leaching losses. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted to investigate the influence of P and B on N and K uptake in black gram with four levels of phosphorus (0, 25, 50, 75 kg ha-1) and four levels of boron (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 kg ha-1) comprising of 16 treatments. The trail was laid out in split plot design and replicated three times. Phosphorus was used as main plot and boron as sub-plot. Significantly highest nitrogen concentration in black gram seed was observed at P75B1.5 as 3.82%, whereas in straw, it was observed at P75B1 as 1.75%. However, significant nitrogen uptake by seed and straw was recorded as 43.85 and 39.55 kg ha-1 at P75B1.5, respectively. Similarly, significantly highest potassium concentration in seed and straw was observed at P75B1.5 as 1.13% and 1.64%. Significant highest uptake of K by seed and straw was recorded at P75B1.5 as 13.00 kg ha-1 and 36.86 kg ha-1, respectively. Therefore, 75 kg P2O5 and 1.5 kg B ha-1 is considered optimum for achieving higher nitrogen and potassium uptake by black gram in acid Inceptisol of Meghalaya.


2006 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
DJOKO PURNOMO ◽  
SYUKUR MAKMUR SITOMPUL

Teak and pines are the largest tree forests in Central of Java so that they are very potential to be developed as an argoforestry system. The average Relative Irradiation Fraction (RIF)’s in the teak and pines trees are 50% and 14% respectively. Meanwhile, soybean is sunloving crop potentially to be cultivated in the agroforestry system. The aim of the research was to study the response of the soybean (Glyicine soya) varieties to the tree canopy pruning. The experiment was conducted at teak and pines forest area (vertisol and ultisol soil type respectively) arranged in split plot design. The main plot factor was pruning (no pruning and pruning) and the sub plot factor was variety (Wilis, Pangrango and Brawijaya). The teak and pines canopy pruning (50% lower part of canopy) increases the incident irradiation among the trees by 70%-89% or equal to 600-1000 μ mol m-2 s-1 and 80% or 840 μ mol m-2 s-1 respectively. The increase in the irradiation among the trees enhances the photosynthetic rate of soybean. The response of the soybean to the enhancing irradiation is higher in specific leaf area (SLA). Biomass production and seed yield of the soybean increases due to the canopy pruning. The seed yield of soybean increase respectively from 0.12 to 0.57 tons ha-1 and from 0.78 to 1.74 tons ha-1 in no pruning and pruning teak and pines agroforest. The Pangrango variety produces the highest yields of seed, thus it is potential to be cultivated as intercrops in a teak and pines agroforestry system.© 2006 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: soybean, teak, pines, agroforestry


Author(s):  
Sandra Merin Mathew ◽  
G. S. Sreekala

The conventional propagation method using ginger rhizome being slow, a suitable method of raising ginger seed material in portrays has been devised by Indian Institute of Spices Research and Kerala Agricultural University. The advantages of this technology are production of healthy uniform planting materials and reduction in seed rhizome quantity which eventually reduced cost on rhizomes. The experiment was carried out in the Instructional Farm, College of Agriculture, Vellayani during April 2016 to January 2017. The ginger variety used was Karthika. Field experiment was laid out in split plot design with four levels of mulches in main plots and fertilizer levels in sub plots with four replications. Two nodded rhizome bits of ginger cultivar was raised in protrays were transplanted at 55 days in beds taken in the interspaces of coconut. Plants that received M1 (30 t ha1) in main plot resulted in maximum plant height, number of tillers, number of leaves/plant shoot weight, fresh yield and dry yield treatment T2 (150:100:100 kg ha1 and their interaction (m1t2) also resulted in highest plant height, number of tillers, number of leaves/plant, shoot weight, fresh yield and dry yield on all periods of observation The results of the study indicated that ginger transplants intercropped in coconut garden, that mulching @ 30 t ha1 ( half at transplanting and half 2 MAT) along with 150:100:100 kg NPK ha-1 and basal application of 30 t ha-1 of farm yard manure could be recommended for higher yield and growth.


Jurnal Agro ◽  
10.15575/3923 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Edy Suminarti

Nitrogen merupakan unsur hara esensial tanaman yang diperlukan paling banyak dibandingkan unsur hara lainnya. Namun demikian, pemberian pupuk N secara terus menerus berdampak pada menurunnya daya dukung lahan. Zeolit yang dapat digunakan untuk mengefisiensikan penyerapan N. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengkaji dampak pemberian zeolit pada berbagai taraf pemberian N pada tanaman sorgum dilakukan dari bulan April hingga Juli 2017 di lahan sawah Desa Sumberduren, Kabupaten Kediri, menggunakan Rancangan Petak Terpisah dengan menempatkan dosis pupuk N (50%, 100% dan 150%) pada petak utama, dan dosis zeolit (0%, 50%, 100% dan 150%) pada anak petak yang diulang 3 kali. Ada tidaknya interaksi atau pengaruh nyata menggunakan Uji F taraf 5% dan dilanjutkan Uji BNJ taraf 5% untuk mengetahui perbedaan diantara perlakuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dosis N 50% pada zeolite 150% mendapatkan hasil biji sorghum sebesar 3,32 t ha-1. Adapun dosis N 100% dan 150 % mengurangi penggunaan zeolite sebesar 43,5% dan 48,12% dengan hasil biji sorghum sebanyak 4,56 t ha-1 dan 5,15 t ha-1. Aplikasi 50% dan 100% zeolit dapat menekan penggunaan N sebesar 13,67% dan 16,19%.ABSTRACTNitrogen is an essential nutrient and needed in the highest amount compared to other elements. However, the continuous use of nitrogen  causes a decrease in the carrying capacity of the land. Therefore to anticipate these problems, zeolite applications is prior to be done. The study aimed to assess the effect of N and zeolite application on sorghum plants which had been carried out from April to July 2017 in paddy fields in Sumberduren Village, Kediri Regency. Split Plot Design was used in this study by placing N fertilizer doses (50%, 100% and 150%) as the main plot, and zeolite dosage (0%, 50%, 100% and 150%) on subplots repeated 3 times. F test at 5% was used to determine the effect of treatments, while the average difference between treatments were referred to HSD value at 5%. The using of 100% and 150% N dosages could reduce the zeolite usage about 43.5% and 48.12% with sorghum yield as much as 4.56 t ha‐1 and 5.15 t ha-1 respectively. However, with the application of 50% and 100% zeolite, it can reduce N use by 13.67% and 16.19%.


2021 ◽  
pp. 309-319
Author(s):  
Kisman Kisman ◽  
Farid Hemon ◽  
Sumarjan Sumarjan ◽  
Suprayanti Dewi

ABSTRACTThis study aims to determine the vegetative appearance of three genotypes of large-seeded soybean under puddle stress. The Experimental method was used and the plastic buckets as the experimental units were arranged using a Split Plot Design. The main plot was the stress factor (S) consisting of normal conditions (S0) and puddle stress (S1), and the subplot was the genotype factor (G) consisting of G1 (KH1), G2 (Argomulyo), and G2 (Grobogan). Each genotype was repeated four times. The observed variables were plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, number of productive branches, specific leaf weight, root/shoot dry weight ratio. The results showed that there were significantly differences in the appearance of the vegetative characters of the three genotypes of large seeded soybean under puddle stress conditions, especially on plant height, leaf area, plant dry weight, and shoot dry weight. Under puddle stress conditions, KH1 showed the highest of the plant height, root dry weight, and shoot dry weight. Argomulyo showed the highest of the leaf area, while Grobogan did not show as a tolerant variety under puddle stress conditions. 


2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 379-389
Author(s):  
Alberth Soplanit ◽  
Bambang Guritno ◽  
Ariffin ◽  
NurEdy Suminarti

Abiotic shades due to the high level of cloud are the major problem causing a low level of sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas L.) photosynthesis in the higland of Papua, Indonesia.  In order to optimize the growth and production of sweetpotato, it needs to engineer the growing environment for the crop. This study aims to learn the growth, production and photosynthesis efficiency (Eµ) by combining varieties and sticks inclination angles on (1.560 m asl) from April to September 2016. It was conducted using a Split-Plot Design with three replications.  The main plot was three sweet potato varietes: Siate, Papua Salosa and Cangkuang, while the subplot was the inclination of sticks with three angles: 90º, 60º, 45º and without using sticks.  The result shows that a combination of Cangkuang and 90º stick inclination produces the highest total dry matter and tubers (326.9 g/plant and 248.7 g/plant respectively). The highest net assimilation rate was obtained in combination of Cangkuang with stick inclination angles treatments 90º and 60º for 125.2 mg.cm2.day-1 and 105.3 mg.cm2.day-1, the leaf area index ranged from 0.9-5.5. The highest tubers yield was achieved by the Cangkuang with 90º and 60º sticks inclination angles treatments, which are 31.53 t.ha-1 and 28.86 t.ha-1 respectively, with the harvest indexes around 36-62 %, in which the tubers yield and the harvest indexes have significant correlations.The highest photosynthesis efficiency was achieved by the Cangkuang with 90º (3.83 %) and 600 (3.34 %) sticks inclination angles treatments, while the lowest one was done by the Siate and without sticks (0.92 %) treatment.  As a conclusion, the higher sticks inclination angles applied on the sweetpotato varieties, particularly whose wider leafs, under abiotic shade conditions may increase crop growth rates, total and tuber dry matters, tubers yield, harvest indexes, and photosynthesis efficiency rates.


2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Letemariam Desta ◽  
Ibrahim Fitw ◽  
Alemu Araya

A field experiment was conducted during the cropping seasons of 2017/2018 to evaluate the effect of levels of herbicide and N fertilizer and sorghum varieties on striga management in the Western Tigray. Split-split plot design was used to conduct the experiment using three replicate. The experiment comprised of four levels of N fertilizer in the main plot (control (0 kg/ha, 23, 46 and 69 kgha-1) and herbicide applications in sub-plot (0, 10, 15 and 20 gha-1) and three sorghum varieties (Birhan, Deber and Wediaker) in sub-sub plot under naturally S. hermonthica infested area. Striga counts and striga growth parameters were recorded. Results showed that days to first flowering, striga count per sorghum plant, stand counts of striga at 45 DAP, 65 DAP and 85 DAP per m-2, branch number per plant, plant height and biomass of striga were significantly (P<0.01) affected with the application of N fertilizer, herbicide rates and varieties. Generally, an integrated approach was found to be the best method to control striga.


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